These are all words for a child that attends school.以上各词均指学生。
student a person who is studying in a school, especially an older child指在校学习的学生,尤指较大的学生:◆Students are required to be in school by 8.30.学生须在 8:30 以前到校。◆Any high school student could tell you the answer.随便一个高中生都可以告诉你答案。
pupil(BrE) a person who is being taught, especially a child in a school指学生,尤指小学生:◆The school has over 850 pupils.这所小学有 850 多名学生。NOTEPupil is used only in British English and is starting to become old-fashioned. Student is often preferred, especially by teachers and other people involved in education, and especially when talking about older children. * pupil 只用于英式英语,并已开始过时。现在尤其是教师和教育工作者,较常用 student,多指较大的学生。
schoolboy/schoolgirl/schoolchild a boy, girl or child who attends school指学校的男生、女生、学童、小学生:◆Since she was a schoolgirl she had dreamed of going on the stage.自从上学以来她就一直梦想着成为演员。NOTEThese words emphasize the age of the children or this period in their lives; they are less often used to talk about teaching and learning. * schoolboy/schoolgirl/schoolchild 强调童年或学龄时期,较少用于教与学:◆an able schoolboy/schoolgirl/schoolchild