| 释义 |
🔑 lawBrE /lɔː/NAmE /lɔː/ noun➤system of rules 规则体系🔑 (also the law) [U] the whole system of rules that everyone in a country or society must obey 法律（体系）◆If they entered the building they would be breaking the law. 如果进入那栋大楼，他们就会触犯法律。◆In Sweden it is against the law to hit a child. 在瑞典打小孩是违法的。◆Defence attorneys can use any means within the law to get their client off. 辩护律师可在法律许可的范围内利用任何手段为当事人脱罪。◆British schools are now required by law to publish their exam results. 现在英国的学校得按法律规定公布考试结果。◆The reforms have recently become law. 这些改革措施最近已成为法律。◆Do not think you are above the law (= think that you cannot be punished by the law). 别以为你能凌驾于法律之上。◆the need for better law enforcement 加强执法力度的必要◆(humorous) Kate's word was law in the Brown household. 凯特的话在布朗家就是金科玉律。Criminal justice 刑事审判Breaking the law 犯法- break/violate/obey/uphold the law 违反/违背/遵守/维护法律
- be investigated/arrested/tried for a crime/a robbery/fraud 因犯罪/抢劫/诈骗而被调查/逮捕/审判
- be arrested/ (
especially NAmE) indicted/convicted on charges of rape/fraud/ (especially US) felony charges 因被控犯强奸罪/诈骗罪/重型罪遭逮捕/起诉/定罪 - be arrested on suspicion of arson/robbery/shoplifting 因涉嫌纵火/抢劫/在商店行窃而被逮捕
- be accused of/be charged with murder/ (
especially NAmE) homicide/four counts of fraud 被指控犯有谋杀罪/杀人罪/四项诈骗罪 - face two charges of indecent assault 面临两项猥亵罪的指控
- admit your guilt/liability/responsibility (for sth) 承认（对某事的）罪责/责任
- deny the allegations/claims/charges 否认指控
- confess to a crime 坦白罪行
- grant/be refused/be released on/skip/jump bail 准许/不准保释；交保释金获释；弃保潜逃
The legal process 法律程序- stand/await/bring sb to/come to/be on trial 受审；候审；把某人送交法院审判；开庭审理；受到审判
- take sb to/come to/settle sth out of court 把某人告上法庭；被法庭受理；庭外和解某事
- face/avoid/escape prosecution 面临/免于/逃脱起诉
- seek/retain/have the right to/be denied access to legal counsel 寻求/聘请/有权聘用/无权聘用律师
- hold/conduct/attend/adjourn a hearing/trial 开庭；出庭；休庭
- sit on/influence/persuade/convince the jury 担任/影响/说服陪审团
- sit/stand/appear/be put/place sb in the dock 坐在/站在/出现在/被送上/将某人送上被告席
- plead guilty/not guilty to a crime 认罪；不认罪
- be called to/enter (BrE) the witness box 被召唤进入/进入证人席
- take/put sb on the stand/ (NAmE) the witness stand 出庭作证；让某人出庭作证
- call/subpoena/question/cross-examine a witness 传唤/以传票传唤/讯问/盘问证人
- give/hear the evidence against/on behalf of sb 提供/听取对某人不利/有利的证据
- raise/withdraw/overrule an objection 提出/撤销/否决异议
- reach a unanimous/majority verdict 作出一致的/多数人赞同的裁决
- return/deliver/record a verdict of not guilty/unlawful killing/accidental death 作出/宣布无罪/非法杀人/意外死亡的裁决
- convict/acquit the defendant of the crime 宣判被告有罪/无罪
- secure a conviction/your acquittal 获得有罪/无罪判决
- lodge/file an appeal 提出上诉
- appeal (against)/challenge/uphold/overturn a conviction/verdict 对判决/裁决提出上诉/质疑；维持/撤销判决/裁决
Sentencing and punishment 判刑与惩罚- pass sentence on sb 宣布对某人的判决
- carry/face/serve a seven-year/life sentence 会被判处/面临/服七年徒刑/无期徒刑
- receive/be given the death penalty 被判死刑
- be sentenced to ten years (in prison/jail) 被判十年（监禁）
- carry/impose/pay a fine (of $3 000)/a penalty (of 14 years imprisonment) 会被判处/处以/缴纳（3 000 美元的）罚金/（14 年的）监禁
- be imprisoned/jailed for drug possession/fraud/murder 因持有毒品罪/诈骗罪/谋杀罪被监禁
- do/serve time/ten years 服刑；服十年徒刑
- be sent to/put sb in/be released from jail/prison 被送进监狱；把某人送进监狱；被释放出狱
- be/put sb/spend X years on death row 在/把某人关在死囚牢房；在死囚牢房度过…年
- be granted/be denied/break (your) parole 获准假释；假释遭拒；违反假释规定
➡ collocations at crime abide by sth abide, court, crime, justice, law, legal, police , prosecute, punish, trial 🔑 [U] a particular branch of the law 法规◆company/international/tax, etc. law 公司法、国际法、税法等 ➡ see also canon law, case law, civil law, common law, private law, statute law ➤one rule 一条法规🔑 [C] a rule that deals with a particular crime, agreement, etc. （针对某项罪行、协议等的一条）法律，法规◆~ (against sth) the 1996 law against the hiring of illegal immigrants 禁止雇用非法移民的 1996 法规◆~ (on sth) The government has introduced some tough new laws on food hygiene. 政府对食品卫生出台了一些强硬的新法规。◆strict gun laws 严格的枪支法◆a federal/state law 联邦法律；州法律◆to pass a law (= officially make it part of the system of laws) 通过一项法律◆(informal) There ought to be a law against it! 应该立法加以禁止！ ➡ see also by-law, licensing laws act, bill, Chamber, coalition, election, law, legislation, parliament, politician, vote ➤subject/profession 学科；职业🔑 [U] the study of the law as a subject at university, etc.; the profession of being a lawyer 法学；法律学；律师业◆Jane is studying law. 简正在学习法律。◆(NAmE) He's in law school. 他在读法学院。◆(BrE) He's at law school. 他在读法学院。◆What made you go into law? 是什么促使你从事法律行业的呢？◆a law firm 律师事务所➤police 警察🔑 the law [sing.] used to refer to the police and the legal system 警方；法律机构◆Jim is always getting into trouble with the law. 吉姆总是因惹事落到警察手里。➤of organization/activity 机构；活动 [C] one of the rules which controls an organization or activity 规则；规章；条例◆the laws of the Church 教会的戒律◆The first law of kung fu is to defend yourself. 功夫的首要原则是自卫。◆the laws of cricket 板球规则➤of good behaviour 良好的品行 [C] a rule for good behaviour or how you should behave in a particular place or situation 良好行为的准则；（某地或某场合下的）行为规范◆moral laws 道德准则◆the unspoken laws of the street 不言而喻的街头规矩➤in business/nature/science 商业；自然；科学🔑 [C] the fact that sth always happens in the same way in an activity or in nature 规律；法则；原理 SYN principle ◆the laws of supply and demand 供求规律◆the law of gravity 万有引力定律 [C] a scientific rule that sb has stated to explain a natural process 定律◆the first law of thermodynamics 热力学第一定律 ➡ see also Murphy's Law, Parkinson's law, Sod's Law, legal, legalize, legislate  ●be a law unto yourˈselfto behave in an independent way and ignore rules or what other people want you to do 自行其是；我行我素●go to ˈlaw(BrE) to ask a court to settle a problem or disagreement 诉诸法律；提起诉讼；打官司●ˌlaw and ˈorder 🔑a situation in which people obey the law and behave in a peaceful way 法治；治安；遵纪守法◆The government struggled to maintain law and order. 政府努力维持治安。◆After the riots, the military was brought in to restore law and order. 暴乱以后，军队出动来恢复治安。◆They claim to be the party of law and order. 他们声称自己是重视治安问题的政党。●the ˌlaw of ˈaveragesthe principle that one thing will happen as often as another if you try enough times 平均定律◆Keep applying and by the law of averages you'll get a job sooner or later. 继续申请吧，根据平均定律你迟早会找到工作的。●the ˌlaw of the ˈjunglea situation in which people are prepared to harm other people in order to succeed 丛林法则；弱肉强食●lay down the ˈlawto tell sb with force what they should or should not do 发号施令；严格规定●take the law into your own ˈhandsto do sth illegal in order to punish sb for doing sth wrong, instead of letting the police deal with them 不通过法律擅自处理●there's no ˈlaw against sth(informal) used to tell sb who is criticizing you that you are not doing anything wrong （对批评自己的人说）谁也管不着◆I'll sing if I want to—there's no law against it. 我想唱就唱，谁也管不着。●the ˌletter of the ˈlaw(often disapproving) the exact words of a law or rule rather than its general meaning 法律（或法规）的准确字面意义◆They insist on sticking to the letter of the law. 他们坚持严守法律的字面意义。●possession is nine tenths of the ˈlaw(saying) if you already have or control sth, it is difficult for sb else to take it away from you, even if they have the legal right to it 现实占有，败一胜九；占有者在诉讼中总占上风●the rule of ˈlawthe condition in which all members of society, including its rulers, accept the authority of the law 法治●on the ˌwrong side of the ˈlawin trouble with the police 违法 |