These are all words for money that a person earns or receives for their work. 以上各词均指收入、工资、薪水。

• income money that a person receives for their work, or from investments or business 指收入、收益、所得：◆people on low incomes 低收入的人
• wage/wages money that employees get for doing their job, usually paid every week 通常指按周领取的工资、工钱：◆a weekly wage of £200 周薪 200 英镑
• pay money that employees earn for doing their job 指工资、薪水：◆The job offers good rates of pay. 这工作报酬高。
• salary money that employees earn for doing their job, usually paid every month 通常指按月发放的薪水、薪金

wage, pay or salary? 用 wage、pay 还是 salary？

Pay is the most general of these three words. Employees who work in factories, etc. get their wages each week. Employees who work in offices or professional people such as teachers or doctors receive a salary that is paid each month, but is usually expressed as an annual figure. * pay 在这组词中含义最广。在工厂等工作的雇员按周领取的工钱用 wages。办公室工作人员、教师、医生等专业人员按月领取的薪金用 salary，但通常以年薪表示。

• earnings money that a person earns from their work 指薪水、工资、收入：◆a rise in average earnings for factory workers 工厂工人平均收入的增加

Patterns

• (a) high/low/basic income/wage/pay/salary/earnings
• to earn an income/a wage/your pay/a salary
• to be on a(n) income/wage/salary of…

Running a business 经营企业

• buy/acquire/own/sell a company/firm/franchise 收购/获得/拥有/出售公司/商行/特许经销权
• set up/establish/start/start up/launch a business/company 创办企业/公司
• run/operate a business/company/franchise 经营企业/公司/专卖店
• head/run a firm/department/team 管理公司/部门/团队
• make/secure/win/block a deal 达成/阻止一笔交易
• expand/grow/build the business 扩展业务
• boost/increase investment/spending/sales/turnover/earnings/exports/trade 增加投资/支出/销售量/营业额/收入/出口/贸易
• increase/expand production/output/sales 增加产量/输出量/销售量
• boost/maximize production/productivity/efficiency/income/revenue/profit/profitability 使产量/生产力/效率/收入/收益/利润/收益增加/最大化
• achieve/maintain/sustain growth/profitability 实现/维持/保持增长/收益
• cut/reduce/bring down/lower/slash costs/prices 削减成本/价格
• announce/impose/make cuts/cutbacks 宣布/强制实行/实施削减

Sales and marketing 销售和市场营销

• break into/enter/capture/dominate the market 打入/进入/占领/控制市场
• gain/grab/take/win/boost/lose market share 取得/夺取/得到/赢得/增加/丢失市场份额
• find/build/create a market for sth 为某物找到/建立/开创市场
• start/launch an advertising/a marketing campaign 发起广告/营销宣传活动
• develop/launch/promote a product/website 开发/推出/推销产品/网站
• create/generate demand for your product 为产品创造需求
• attract/get/retain/help customers/clients 吸引/赢得/留住/帮助顾客/客户
• drive/generate/boost/increase demand/sales 刺激/创造/提高/增加需求/销售量
• beat/keep ahead of/out-think/outperform the competition 打败/领先于/智胜/胜过竞争对手
• meet/reach/exceed/miss sales targets 完成/达到/超过/未达到销售目标

Finance 财务

• draw up/set/present/agree/approve a budget 起草/制订/提出/批准预算
• keep to/balance/cut/reduce/slash the budget 执行/平衡/削减/大幅削减预算
• be/come in below/under/over/within budget 未超出/超出预算；在预算之内
• generate income/revenue/profit/funds/business 产生收益/利润/资金/营业额
• fund/finance a campaign/a venture/an expansion/spending/a deficit 为活动/商业项目/扩张/开支/赤字提供资金
• provide/raise/allocate capital/funds 提供/筹集/分配资金
• attract/encourage investment/investors 吸引/鼓励投资/投资者
• recover/recoup costs/losses/an investment 收回成本/亏损/投资
• get/obtain/offer sb/grant sb credit/a loan 获得/为某人提供/准予某人贷款
• apply for/raise/secure/arrange/provide finance 申请/筹集/获得/安排/提供资金

Failure 失败；不成功

• lose business/trade/customers/sales/revenue 失去生意/买卖/顾客/销量/收益
• accumulate/accrue/incur/run up debts 累积/积累/招致/积欠债务
• suffer/sustain enormous/heavy/serious losses 蒙受惨重损失
• face cuts/a deficit/redundancy/bankruptcy 面临削减/赤字/裁员/破产
• file for/ (NAmE) enter/avoid/escape bankruptcy 申请/避免/幸免破产
• (BrE) go into administration/liquidation 进入行政接管/清算
• liquidate/wind up a company 清算/关闭公司
• survive/weather a recession/downturn 艰难渡过萧条期/衰退期
• propose/seek/block/oppose a merger 提出/寻求/阻止/反对合并
• launch/make/accept/defeat a takeover bid 发起/进行/接受/阻止收购投标