Income 收入

• earn money/cash/ (informal) a fortune 挣钱；挣一大笔钱
• make money/a fortune/ (informal) a killing on the stock market 在股市上赚钱/赚一大笔钱/发大财
• acquire/inherit/amass wealth/a fortune 获得/继承/积累财富/一大笔钱
• build up funds/savings 积累资金/存款
• get/receive/leave (sb) an inheritance/a legacy 得到/（给某人）留下遗产
• live on a low wage/a fixed income/a pension 靠低微的工资/固定收入/养老金过活
• get/receive/draw/collect a pension 领取养老金
• depend/be dependent on (BrE) benefits/ (NAmE) welfare/social security 靠福利金/社会保障金过活

Expenditure 开支；支出

• spend money/your savings/ (informal) a fortune on… 把钱/存款/一大笔钱花在…上
• invest/put your savings in… 投资/把储蓄金用于…
• throw away/waste/ (informal) shell out money on… 把钱浪费/花费巨资在…上
• lose your money/inheritance/pension 失去钱财/遗产/养老金
• use up/ (informal) wipe out all your savings 把储蓄用光
• pay (in) cash 用现金支付
• use/pay by a credit/debit card 用信用卡/借记卡支付
• pay by/make out a/write sb a/accept a (BrE) cheque/ (US) check 用支票支付；开支票；给某人开支票；接受支票
• change/exchange money/currency/ (BrE) traveller's cheques/ (US) traveler's checks 兑换钱/货币/旅行支票
• give/pay/leave (sb) a deposit 预付（某人）订金

Banks 银行

• have/hold/open/close/freeze a bank account/an account 持有/开立/注销/冻结银行账户
• credit/debit/pay sth into/take money out of your account 记入账户的贷方/借方；把钱存入账户/从账户中取出
• deposit money/funds in your account 往账户里存钱/存入资金
• withdraw money/cash/£30 from an ATM, etc. 从自动提款机等取钱/现金/30 英镑
• (formal) make a deposit/withdrawal 存款；取款
• find/go to/use (especially NAmE) an ATM/ (BrE) a cash machine/dispenser 找到/去/使用自动提款机
• be in credit/in debit/in the black/in the red/overdrawn 账面有钱/亏空；有盈余；透支

Personal finance 个人理财

• manage/handle/plan/run/ (especially BrE) sort out your finances 管理/处理/计划/经营管理/整顿财务问题
• plan/manage/work out/stick to a budget 计划/管理/制订/严格执行预算
• offer/extend credit (to sb) （给某人）提供贷款
• arrange/take out a loan/an overdraft 商定/获得贷款/透支额
• pay back/repay money/a loan/a debt 偿还钱/贷款/债务
• pay for sth in (especially BrE) instalments/ (NAmE usually) installments 以分期付款方式购买某物

Financial difficulties 财务困难

• get into debt/financial difficulties 陷入债务/财务困难
• be short of/ (informal) be strapped for cash 缺钱
• run out of/owe money 钱用光了；欠钱
• face/get/ (informal) be landed with a bill for £… 面对/收到一张…英镑的账单
• can't afford the cost of…/payments/rent 承担不起…的费用/款项/房租
• fall behind with/ (especially NAmE) fall behind on the mortgage/repayments/rent 拖欠按揭贷款/分期偿还款项/房租
• incur/run up/accumulate debts 带来/积欠/累积债务
• tackle/reduce/settle your debts 处理/减少/付清债务

These are all words for a record of how much you owe for goods or services you have bought or used. 以上各词均指账单、账目。

• bill a list of goods that you have bought or services that you have used, showing how much you owe; the price or cost of sth 指账单：◆the gas bill 煤气费账单
• account an arrangement with a shop/store or business to pay bills for goods or services at a later time, for example in regular amounts every month 指赊销账、赊欠账、赊购：◆Put it on my account please. 请记在我的赊购账上。
• invoice (rather formal) a bill for goods that sb has bought or work that has been done for sb 指发票、发货或服务费用清单：◆The builders sent an invoice for £250. 营造商发出了一张 250 英镑的发票。

bill or invoice? 用 bill 还是 invoice？

You would get a bill in a restaurant, bar or hotel; from a company that supplies you with gas, electricity, etc.; or from sb whose property you have damaged. An invoice is for goods supplied or work done as agreed between a customer and supplier. * bill 指餐馆、酒吧、旅馆、煤气公司、电力公司等开出的账单或财产所有者开出的索赔清单。invoice 指客户与供应商约定的供货或服务费用清单。

• check (NAmE) a piece of paper that shows how much you have to pay for the food and drinks that you have had in a restaurant 指餐馆的账单：◆Can I have the check, please? 请给我结账。 NOTE In British English the usual word for this is bill. 此义英式英语中常用 bill。

Patterns

• the bill/invoice/check for sth
• to pay/settle a(n) bill/account/invoice/check
• to put sth on the/sb's bill/account/invoice/check