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单词 old
释义 🔑 oldBrE /əʊld/NAmE /oʊld/ adjective (old·er, old·est) ➤age 年龄🔑 be… years, months, etc. ~ of a particular age 具体年龄；（多少）岁；年纪◆The baby was only a few hours old. 婴儿才出生几个小时。◆In those days most people left school when they were only fifteen years old. 那时候，大多数人上学只上到十五岁。◆At thirty years old, he was already earning £40 000 a year. 他三十岁时已拿到 4 万英镑的年薪了。◆two fourteen-year-old boys 两个十四岁的男孩◆a class for five-year-olds (= children who are five) 为五岁儿童开的班◆I didn't think she was old enough for the responsibility. 我认为她尚年轻，不足以担当此任。◆How old is this building? 这座建筑已有多少年了？◆He's the oldest player in the team. 他是队里年龄最大的队员。◆She's much older than me. 她的年龄比我大得多。➤not young 不年轻🔑 having lived for a long time; no longer young 老的；年纪大的；不年轻的◆to get/grow old 上年纪◆The old man lay propped up on cushions. 老人靠在垫子上躺着。◆She was a woman grown old before her time (= who looked older than she was). 她显得未老先衰。oldelderly ⬥ aged ⬥ long-lived ⬥ mature

These words all describe sb/sth that has lived for a long time or that usually lives for a long time. 以上各词均形容人年纪大、长寿或事物古老、持久。

  • old having lived for a long time; no longer young 指年老、年纪大：◆She's getting old—she's 75 next year. 她上年纪了，明年就 75 岁了。
  • elderly (rather formal) used as a polite word for 'old' * old 的委婉语，指年纪较大的、上了年纪的：◆She is very busy caring for two elderly relatives. 她在忙着照顾两个年老的亲戚。
  • aged (formal) very old 指年迈的、年老的：◆Having aged relatives to stay in your house can be quite stressful. 年迈的亲戚住在家里有时压力相当大。
  • long-lived having a long life; lasting for a long time 指寿命长的、长寿的、经久耐用的、持久的：◆Everyone in my family is exceptionally long-lived. 我们家每个人都特别长寿。
  • mature used as a polite or humorous way of saying that sb is no longer young 礼貌或幽默的说法，指某人已成年或不再年轻：◆clothes for the mature woman 成年妇女的服装

Patterns

  • a(n) old/elderly/aged/long-lived/mature man/woman
  • a(n) old/elderly/aged/mature gentleman/lady/couple
OPP young the old noun [pl.] old people 老年人◆The old feel the cold more than the young. 老年人比年轻人怕冷。 Plural adjectival nouns the blind, the deaf, the destitute, the dead, the dying, the elderly, the faithful, the homeless, the injured, the insane, the jobless, the middle aged, the old, the poor, the rich, the sick, the squeamish, the wealthy, the wicked, the wounded, the young

care home, dementia, frail, geriatric, mobility, the old, pensioner, retire, sprightly, widow

➤not new 旧🔑 having existed or been used for a long time 存在（或使用）时间长的；陈旧的；古老的◆old habits 旧习惯◆He always gives the same old excuses. 他总是重复那些老掉牙的借口。◆This carpet's getting pretty old now. 这块地毯现在已经很旧了。 OPP new older / elder
  • The usual comparative and superlative forms of old are older and oldest. * old 的比较级和最高级通常为 older 和 oldest：◆My brother is older than me. 我哥哥比我大。◆The palace is the oldest building in the city. 这宫殿是城里最古老的建筑。In BrE you can also use elder and eldest when comparing the ages of people, especially members of the same family, although these words are not common in speech now. As adjectives they are only used before a noun and you cannot say 'elder than'. 在英式英语中，比较人的年龄，尤其是家庭成员的年龄时亦可用 elder 和 eldest，不过这种说法在口语中已不常见；作形容词时它们只能用于名词前，而且不说 elder than：◆my older/elder sister 我的姐姐◆the elder/older of their two children 他们的两个孩子中大的一个◆I'm the eldest/oldest in the family. 我是家中的老大。
🔑 [only before noun] former; belonging to past times or a past time in your life 过去的；从前的◆Things were different in the old days. 从前的情况可不一样。◆I went back to visit my old school. 我重访了母校。◆Old and Middle English 古英语和中古英语🔑 [only before noun] used to refer to sth that has been replaced by sth else （用于指称被替代的东西）原来的，原先的◆We had more room in our old house. 我们原先的房子比较宽敞。 OPP new 🔑 [only before noun] known for a long time 相识时间长的；结识久的◆She's an old friend of mine (= I have known her for a long time). 她是我的一个老朋友。◆We're old rivals. 我们是老对头。  ➡  compare recent ➤good old/poor old 可爱；可怜 [only before noun] (informal) used to show affection or a lack of respect （表示亲昵或不敬）◆Good old Dad! 可爱的老爸！◆You poor old thing! 你这可怜的家伙！◆I hate her, the silly old cow! 我恨她，那个笨蛋老女人！●ˈany old how(informal) in a careless or untidy way 随便地；凌乱地◆The books were piled up all over the floor any old how. 地板上书堆得乱七八糟的，到处都是。●ˈany old…(informal) any item of the type mentioned (used when it is not important which particular item is chosen) 任何一个；随便哪个◆Any old room would have done. 随便哪间屋子都行。●as old as the ˈhillsvery old; ancient 古老的；悠久的 Similes in idioms (as) bald as a coot, (as) blind as a bat, (as) bright as a button, (as) bold as brass, as busy as a bee, as clean as a whistle, (as) dead as athe dodo, (as) deaf as a post, (as) dull as ditchwater, (as) fit as a fiddle, as flat as a pancake, (as) good as gold, (as) mad as a hattera March hare, (as) miserableugly as sin, as old as the hills, (as) pleased as Punch, as pretty as a picture, (as) regular as clockwork, (as) quick as a flash, (as) safe as houses, (as) sound as a bell, (as) steady as a rock, (as) thick as two short planks, (as) tough as old boots●for ˈold times' sakeif you do sth for old times' sake, you do it because it is connected with sth good that happened to you in the past 看在旧日的情分上；念及老交情●the ˈgood/ˈbad old daysan earlier period of time in your life or in history that is seen as better/worse than the present 往昔的好/苦日子◆That was in the bad old days of rampant inflation. 那是在物价飞涨、生活艰难的往昔。●of ˈold(formal or literary) in or since past times 在往昔；从以前◆in days of old 从前◆We know him of old (= we have known him for a long time). 我们认识他很久了。●old ˈboy, ˈchap, ˈman, etc.(old-fashioned, BrE, informal) used by older men of the middle and upper classes as a friendly way of addressing another man （中上阶层男子对其他男子的友好称呼）老兄，伙计，哥们儿●old enough to be sb's ˈfather/ˈmother(disapproving) very much older than sb (especially used to suggest that a romantic or sexual relationship between the two people is not appropriate) 论年龄足以当某人的爹/娘（尤指双方在爱情或性关系方面不相配）●old enough to know ˈbetterold enough to behave in a more sensible way than you actually did 已长大，该懂事了●(have) an old head on young ˈshouldersused to describe a young person who acts in a more sensible way than you would expect for a person of their age 年轻老练；少年老成●the (ˌsame) old ˈstorywhat usually happens 惯常的事情；（仍旧是）那么回事◆It's the same old story of a badly managed project with inadequate funding. 又是一桩资金短缺、经营不善的老故事。●an old ˈwives' tale(disapproving) an old idea or belief that has been proved not to be scientific 不经之谈；不科学的陈腐思想●one of the ˈold schoolan old-fashioned person who likes to do things as they were done in the past 守旧的人；保守派人物  ➡  see also old school ●a ˌchip off the old ˈblock(informal) a person who is very similar to their mother or father in the way that they look or behave （相貌或性格）酷似父亲或母亲的人●(there's) ˌno fool like an ˈold fool(saying) an older person who behaves in a stupid way is worse than a younger person who does the same thing, because experience should have taught him or her not to do it 糊涂莫过老糊涂；老糊涂最糊涂●a/the ˌgrand old ˈage (of…)a great age 高龄◆She finally learned to drive at the grand old age of 70. 她终于在 70 岁高龄学会了开车。●a/the ˌgrand old ˈman (of sth)a man who is respected in a particular profession that he has been involved in for a long time 元老；资深前辈；老前辈◆James Lovelock, the grand old man of environmental science詹姆斯 · 洛夫洛克，环境科学的元老●give sb the (old) heave-ˈho(informal) to dismiss sb from their job; to end a relationship with sb 解雇某人；同某人断绝关系●have a ˈhigh old time(old-fashioned, informal) to enjoy yourself very much 玩得很开心●money for ˈjam/old ˈrope(BrE, informal) money that is earned very easily, for sth that needs little effort 容易赚的钱财●a/the ripe old age (of…)an age that is considered to be very old （…的）高龄◆He lived to the ripe old age of 91. 他活到了 91 岁的高龄。●settle a ˈscore/an acˈcount (with sb)●settle an old ˈscoreto hurt or punish sb who has harmed or cheated you in the past （和某人）算账，清算旧账；报复（某人）◆'Who would do such a thing?' 'Maybe someone with an old score to settle.' “谁做得出这样的事呢？” “也许是结有宿怨的人吧。”●(you can't) teach an old dog new ˈtricks(saying) (you cannot) successfully make people change their ideas, methods of work, etc., when they have had them for a long time 老大（不）可教；（无法）改变人们长时间形成的思想（或做事方法等）●(as) tough as old ˈboots●(as) tough as ˈnails(informal) very strong and able to deal successfully with difficult conditions or situations 很强壮；坚韧不拔；雷打不动not feeling or showing any emotion 铁石心肠；不为所动 Similes in idioms (as) bald as a coot, (as) blind as a bat, (as) bright as a button, (as) bold as brass, as busy as a bee, as clean as a whistle, (as) dead as athe dodo, (as) deaf as a post, (as) dull as ditchwater, (as) fit as a fiddle, as flat as a pancake, (as) good as gold, (as) mad as a hattera March hare, (as) miserableugly as sin, as old as the hills, (as) pleased as Punch, as pretty as a picture, (as) regular as clockwork, (as) quick as a flash, (as) safe as houses, (as) sound as a bell, (as) steady as a rock, (as) thick as two short planks, (as) tough as old boots●be up to your (old) ˈtricks(informal, disapproving) to be behaving in the same bad way as before 故伎重演；耍老花招
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