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单词 trial
释义
noun
verb
🔑 trialBrE /ˈtraɪəl/NAmE /ˈtraɪəl/ noun➤law 法律🔑 [U, C] a formal examination of evidence in court by a judge and often a jury, to decide if sb accused of a crime is guilty or not （法院的）审讯，审理，审判◆a murder trial 谋杀案的审理◆He's on trial for murder. 他因涉嫌谋杀而受审。◆She will stand trial/go on trial for fraud.她因涉嫌诈骗将受到审判。◆The men were arrested but not brought to trial. 这些人已被逮捕但并未送交法院审判。◆The case never came to trial. 这个案件从未开庭审理。◆She is awaiting trial on corruption charges. 她因被控贪污正等候审判。◆He did not receive a fair trial. 他没有受到公正的审判。◆She was detained without trial. 她未经审讯便被羁押。

abide by sth abide, court, crime, justice, law, legal, police , prosecute, punish, trial

Criminal justice 刑事审判

Breaking the law 犯法

  • break/violate/obey/uphold the law 违反/违背/遵守/维护法律
  • be investigated/arrested/tried for a crime/a robbery/fraud 因犯罪/抢劫/诈骗而被调查/逮捕/审判
  • be arrested/ (especially NAmE) indicted/convicted on charges of rape/fraud/ (especially US) felony charges 因被控犯强奸罪/诈骗罪/重型罪遭逮捕/起诉/定罪
  • be arrested on suspicion of arson/robbery/shoplifting 因涉嫌纵火/抢劫/在商店行窃而被逮捕
  • be accused of/be charged with murder/ (especially NAmE) homicide/four counts of fraud 被指控犯有谋杀罪/杀人罪/四项诈骗罪
  • face two charges of indecent assault 面临两项猥亵罪的指控
  • admit your guilt/liability/responsibility (for sth) 承认（对某事的）罪责/责任
  • deny the allegations/claims/charges 否认指控
  • confess to a crime 坦白罪行
  • grant/be refused/be released on/skip/jump bail 准许/不准保释；交保释金获释；弃保潜逃

The legal process 法律程序

  • stand/await/bring sb to/come to/be on trial 受审；候审；把某人送交法院审判；开庭审理；受到审判
  • take sb to/come to/settle sth out of court 把某人告上法庭；被法庭受理；庭外和解某事
  • face/avoid/escape prosecution 面临/免于/逃脱起诉
  • seek/retain/have the right to/be denied access to legal counsel 寻求/聘请/有权聘用/无权聘用律师
  • hold/conduct/attend/adjourn a hearing/trial 开庭；出庭；休庭
  • sit on/influence/persuade/convince the jury 担任/影响/说服陪审团
  • sit/stand/appear/be put/place sb in the dock 坐在/站在/出现在/被送上/将某人送上被告席
  • plead guilty/not guilty to a crime 认罪；不认罪
  • be called to/enter (BrE) the witness box 被召唤进入/进入证人席
  • take/put sb on the stand/ (NAmE) the witness stand 出庭作证；让某人出庭作证
  • call/subpoena/question/cross-examine a witness 传唤/以传票传唤/讯问/盘问证人
  • give/hear the evidence against/on behalf of sb 提供/听取对某人不利/有利的证据
  • raise/withdraw/overrule an objection 提出/撤销/否决异议
  • reach a unanimous/majority verdict 作出一致的/多数人赞同的裁决
  • return/deliver/record a verdict of not guilty/unlawful killing/accidental death 作出/宣布无罪/非法杀人/意外死亡的裁决
  • convict/acquit the defendant of the crime 宣判被告有罪/无罪
  • secure a conviction/your acquittal 获得有罪/无罪判决
  • lodge/file an appeal 提出上诉
  • appeal (against)/challenge/uphold/overturn a conviction/verdict 对判决/裁决提出上诉/质疑；维持/撤销判决/裁决

Sentencing and punishment 判刑与惩罚

  • pass sentence on sb 宣布对某人的判决
  • carry/face/serve a seven-year/life sentence 会被判处/面临/服七年徒刑/无期徒刑
  • receive/be given the death penalty 被判死刑
  • be sentenced to ten years (in prison/jail) 被判十年（监禁）
  • carry/impose/pay a fine (of $3 000)/a penalty (of 14 years imprisonment) 会被判处/处以/缴纳（3 000 美元的）罚金/（14 年的）监禁
  • be imprisoned/jailed for drug possession/fraud/murder 因持有毒品罪/诈骗罪/谋杀罪被监禁
  • do/serve time/ten years 服刑；服十年徒刑
  • be sent to/put sb in/be released from jail/prison 被送进监狱；把某人送进监狱；被释放出狱
  • be/put sb/spend X years on death row 在/把某人关在死囚牢房；在死囚牢房度过…年
  • be granted/be denied/break (your) parole 获准假释；假释遭拒；违反假释规定
 ➡ collocations at crime

accuse, appeal, counsel, defendant, evidence, justice, offence, plea, prosecution, trial

➤test 试验🔑 [C, U] the process of testing the ability, quality or performance of sb/sth, especially before you make a final decision about them （对能力、质量、性能等的）试验，试用◆The new drug is undergoing clinical trials. 这种新药正在进行临床试验。◆She agreed to employ me for a trial period. 她同意试用我一段时间。◆The system was introduced on a trial basis for one month. 这个制度已引进试行一个月。◆a trial separation (= of a couple whose marriage is in difficulties) 试验性分居◆We had the machine on trial for a week. 这台机器我们已经试用了一个星期。◆a trial of strength (= a contest to see who is stronger) 实力的较量Scientific research 科学研究

Theory 理论

  • formulate/advance a theory/hypothesis 创立理论；提出假设
  • build/construct/create/develop a simple/theoretical/mathematical model 创立一个简单/理论/数学模型
  • develop/establish/provide/use a theoretical/conceptual framework 创立/建立/提供/使用理论/概念框架
  • advance/argue/develop the thesis that… 提出/论证/详尽阐述…的论题
  • explore an idea/a concept/a hypothesis 探讨一个想法/概念/假设
  • make a prediction/an inference 预测；推断
  • base a prediction/your calculations on sth 基于…做出预测/估算
  • investigate/evaluate/accept/challenge/reject a theory/hypothesis/model 研究/评估/接受/质疑/拒绝接受一个理论/假设/模型

Experiment 实验

  • design an experiment/a questionnaire/a study/a test 设计一项实验/问卷/研究/测试
  • do research/an experiment/an analysis 做研究/实验/分析
  • make observations/measurements/calculations 观察；测量；计算
  • carry out/conduct/perform an experiment/a test/a longitudinal study/observations/clinical trials 进行实验/测试/纵向研究/观察/临床试验
  • run an experiment/a simulation/clinical trials 进行实验/模拟/临床试验
  • repeat an experiment/a test/an analysis 重做实验/测试/分析
  • replicate a study/the results/the findings 做相同的研究；得出同样的结果/调查结果
  • observe/study/examine/investigate/assess a pattern/a process/a behaviour/ (especially US) a behavior 观察/研究/审查/调查/评估一种模式/一个过程/一种行为
  • fund/support the research/project/study 资助/支持研究/项目/专题研究
  • seek/provide/get/secure funding for research 寻求/提供/得到/争取到研究资金

Results 结果

  • collect/gather/extract data/information 收集/提取数据/信息
  • yield data/evidence/similar findings/the same results 得到数据/证据/类似调查结果/相同结果
  • analyse/examine the data/soil samples/a specimen 分析/考查数据/土壤样本/样本
  • consider/compare/interpret the results/findings 思考/比较/解释结果/调查结果
  • fit the data/model 与数据/模型相符合
  • confirm/support/verify a prediction/a hypothesis/the results/the findings 证实/支持/核实预测/假设/结果/调查结果
  • prove a conjecture/hypothesis/theorem 证明猜测/假设/定理
  • draw/make/reach the same conclusions 得出同样的结论
  • read/review the records/literature 阅读/评论记录/文献
  • describe/report an experiment/a study 描述/报告一项实验/研究
  • present/publish/summarize the results/findings 提交/公布/总结结果/调查结果
  • present/publish/read/review/cite a paper in a scientific journal 向科学杂志提交一篇论文；在科学杂志发表一篇论文；阅读/评论/引用科学杂志上的一篇论文
➤in sport 体育运动 [C, usually pl.] (NAmE also try·out) a competition or series of tests to find the best players for a sports team or an important event 预赛；选拔赛◆Olympic trials 奥林匹克运动会选拔赛➤for animals 动物 [C, usually pl.] an event at which animals compete or perform 比赛；表演◆horse trials 马匹比赛➤difficult experience 艰难经历 [C] an experience or a person that causes difficulties for sb 令人伤脑筋的事；惹麻烦的人；考验◆the trials and tribulations of married life 婚姻生活的考验与磨炼◆~ to sbShe was a sore trial to her family at times. 她有时让家人伤透了脑筋。●ˌtrial and ˈerrorthe process of solving a problem by trying various methods until you find a method that is successful 反复试验；不断摸索◆Children learn to use computer programs by trial and error. 儿童通过反复摸索才学会运用计算机程序。
🔑 trialBrE /ˈtraɪəl/NAmE /ˈtraɪəl/ verbpresent simple - I / you / we / they trial BrE /ˈtraɪəl/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəl/present simple - he / she / it trials BrE /ˈtraɪəlz/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəlz/past simple trialled BrE /ˈtraɪəld/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəld/past participle trialled BrE /ˈtraɪəld/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəld/past simple (NAmE) trialed BrE /ˈtraɪəld/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəld/past participle (NAmE) trialed BrE /ˈtraɪəld/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəld/ -ing form trialling BrE /ˈtraɪəlɪŋ/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəlɪŋ/ -ing form (NAmE) trialing BrE /ˈtraɪəlɪŋ/ NAmE /ˈtraɪəlɪŋ/ [T, I] ~ (sth)(BrE) to test the ability, quality or performance of sth to see if it will be effective or successful 测试（能力、质量、性能等）；试验；试用
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更新时间：2025/3/12 23:31:00