释义
🔑 back BrE /bæk / NAmE /bæk / noun ➤ part of body 身体部位 🔑 the part of the human body that is on the opposite side to the chest , between the neck and the tops of the legs ; the part of an animal's body that corresponds to this ◆ Do you sleep on your back or your front ? ◆ He stood with his back to the door . ◆ They had their hands tied behind their backs . ◆ back pain ◆ a back massage ◆ A small boy rode on the elephant's back . Physical appearance 外貌 A person may be described as having 描述一个人的长相可用 have 一词： Eyes 眼睛 (bright) blue/green/(dark/light) brown/hazel eyes （明亮的）蓝/绿/（深/浅）棕色/浅绿褐色眼睛 deep-set/sunken/bulging/protruding eyes 凹陷的/凸出的眼睛 small/beady/sparkling/twinkling/ (informal shifty eyes 小的/小珠般圆亮的/亮晶晶的/闪闪发亮的/贼溜溜的眼睛 piercing/penetrating/steely eyes 敏锐的/锐利的眼睛；冷冰冰的眼神 bloodshot/watery/puffy eyes 布满血丝的/水汪汪的/肿胀的眼睛 bushy/thick/dark/raised/arched eyebrows 浓密的/扬起的/弓形的眉毛 long/dark/thick/curly/false eyelashes/lashes 长长的/浓密的/弯曲的/假的眼睫毛 Face 脸 a flat/bulbous/pointed/sharp/snub nose 塌/蒜头/尖头/尖/短平而上翘的鼻子 a straight/a hooked/a Roman/ (formal an aquiline nose 挺直的鼻子；鹰钩鼻；高鼻梁；鹰钩鼻 full/thick/thin/pouty lips 丰满的/厚/薄/翘嘴唇 dry/chapped/cracked lips 干的/皲裂的/干裂的嘴唇 flushed/rosy/red/ruddy/pale cheeks 发红的/红润的/苍白的面颊 soft/chubby/sunken cheeks 柔嫩的/胖乎乎的/凹陷的面颊 white/perfect/crooked/protruding teeth 洁白的/完好无缺的/参差不齐的/凸出来的牙齿 a large/high/broad/wide/sloping forehead 大大的/高高的/宽大的/后倾的前额 a strong/weak/pointed/double chin 硬朗的/瘦削的/尖/双下巴 a long/full/bushy/wispy/goatee beard 长/大/浓密的/一小撮/山羊胡子 a long/thin/bushy/droopy/handlebar/pencil moustache/ (especially US mustache 长长的/稀疏的/浓密的/耷拉着的/翘/细直的八字胡 Hair and skin 头发和皮肤 pale/fair/olive/dark/tanned skin 苍白的/白皙的/橄榄色的/黝黑的/晒黑的皮肤 dry/oily/smooth/rough/leathery/wrinkled skin 干性的/油性的/光滑的/粗糙的/有皱纹的皮肤 a dark/a pale/a light/a sallow/a ruddy/an olive/a swarthy/a clear complexion 黝黑的/苍白的/白皙的/蜡黄的/红润的/浅褐色的/黝黑的/无瑕的面容 deep/fine/little/facial wrinkles 深深的/细小的/小的/面部的皱纹 blonde/blond/fair/(light/dark) brown/(jet-)black/auburn/red/ (BrE ginger/grey hair 金黄色的/浅色的/（浅/深）棕色的/乌黑的/红褐色的/红色的/姜黄色的/灰白色的头发 straight/curly/wavy/frizzy/spiky hair 直发；鬈发；波浪形的/鬈曲的/刺猬式的头发 thick/thin/fine/bushy/thinning hair 厚密的/稀疏的/纤细的/浓密的/逐渐稀少的头发 dyed/bleached/soft/silky/dry/greasy/shiny hair 染了色的/漂白了的/柔顺的/丝滑的/干性的/油性的/有光泽的头发 long/short/shoulder-length/cropped hair 长/短/齐肩/剪短了的头发 a bald/balding/shaved head 秃头；开始秃顶的头；剃光了的头 a receding hairline 后移的发际线 a bald patch/spot 秃了的一块 a side/centre/ (US center (BrE parting/ (NAmE part 偏分；中分 Body 身体 a long/short/thick/slender/ (disapproving scrawny neck 长/短/粗/细/干瘦的脖子 broad/narrow/sloping/rounded/hunched shoulders 宽/窄/斜/圆/耸肩膀 a bare/broad/muscular/small/large chest 赤裸的/宽阔的/肌肉发达的胸膛；小胸；大胸 a flat/swollen/bulging stomach 扁平的/鼓胀的/鼓起的肚子 a small/tiny/narrow/slim/slender/28-inch waist 纤细的/28 英寸的腰 big/wide/narrow/slim hips 大的/宽的/窄小的/苗条的臀部 a straight/a bent/an arched/a broad/a hairy back 直的/弯曲的/弓着的/宽大的/多毛的背部 thin/slender/muscular arms 瘦削的/细长的/肌肉发达的臂膀 big/large/small/manicured/calloused/gloved hands 大的/小的/修剪整齐的/有老茧的/戴着手套的手 long/short/fat/slender/delicate/bony fingers 长的/短的/粗的/细长的/纤细的/瘦削的手指 long/muscular/hairy/shapely/ (both informal often disapproving skinny/spindly legs 长的/肌肉发达的/多毛的/有曲线美的/皮包骨的/干瘦的腿 muscular/chubby/ (informal disapproving flabby thighs 肌肉发达的/胖乎乎的/肥胖的大腿 big/little/small/dainty/wide/narrow/bare feet 大的/小的/娇小可爱的/宽的/窄的/光着的脚 a good/a slim/a slender/an hourglass figure 好的/修长的/苗条的/沙漏形身材 be of slim/medium/average/large/athletic/stocky build 有着苗条的/中等的/普通的/大块头的/健壮的/矮壮的身材 ➡ see also bareback , horseback noun 🔑 the row of bones in the middle of the back SYN backbone , spine ◆ She broke her back in a riding accident . ◆ He put his back out (= dislocated sth in his back lifting the crates . ➤ part furthest from front 后部 🔑 [ usually sing. ] ~ (of sth )the part or area of sth that is furthest from the front ◆ We could only get seats at the back (= of the room . ◆ I found some old photos at the back of the drawer . ◆ He was shot in the back of the knee . ◆ The house has three bedrooms at the front and two at the back . ◆ (BrE There's room for three people in the back . ◆ (NAmE There's room for three people in back (= of a car , etc . . ◆ (BrE Come round the back (= to the area behind the house and I'll show you the garden . ➡ see also hardback , paperback , short back and sides at the back / at the rear / behind At the back and at the rear have a similar meaning, but at the rear is used more in formal or official language. * at the back 和 at the rear 意义相近，但 at the rear 多用于正式或官方语言 ： ◆ What's that at the back of the fridge? 冰箱尽里头那东西是什么？ ◆ Smoking is only allowed at the rear of the aircraft. 只有飞机后舱允许抽烟。 It is more usual to talk about the back door of a house but the rear exit of an aircraft or public building. If something is behind something else it is near to the back of it but not part of it. 指房子的后门较常用 back door，但飞机或公共建筑的后门较常用 rear exit。behind 指在后面，但不是其中的部分。 ： Compare 比较 ： ◆ Our room was at the back of the hotel. 我们的房间在旅馆靠后面的地方。 and 和 ： ◆ There's a lovely wood just behind our hotel. 在我们旅馆的后面就有一片美丽的树林。 ➤ of piece of paper 纸张 🔑 [ usually sing. ] ~ (of sth )the part of a piece of paper , etc . that is on the opposite side to the one that has information or the most important information on it ◆ Write your name on the back of the cheque . ➤ of book 书刊 🔑 [ usually sing. ] ~ (of sth )the last few pages of a book , etc . ◆ The television guide is at the back of the paper . ➤ of chair 椅子 the part of a chair , etc . against which you lean your back ➤ -backed 靠背… (in adjectives 构成形容词 used to describe furniture that has the type of back mentioned ◆ a high -backed sofa ➤ in sport 体育运动 (in some sports 某些体育运动 a player whose main role is to defend their team's goal ➡ compare forward noun ➡ see also full back , half back ● at /in the back of your mind if a thought , etc . is at the back of your mind , you are aware of it but it is not what you are mainly thinking about ● the ˌback of beˈyond (informal a place that is a long way from other houses , towns , etc . ● ˌback to ˈback if two people stand back to back , they stand with their backs facing or touching each other ➡ see also back-to-back if two or more things happen back to back , they happen one after the other ● ˌback to ˈfront 🔑 (BrE (NAmE back·wards if you put on a piece of clothing back to front , you make a mistake and put the back where the front should be ◆ I think you've got that sweater on back to front . ➡ compare inside out at inside noun ● be glad , etc . to see the back of sb /sth (informal especially BrE to be happy that you will not have to deal with or see sb /sth again because you do not like them or it ◆ Was I pleased to see the back of her ! ● behind sb's ˈback 🔑 without sb's knowledge or permission ◆ Have you been talking about me behind my back ? ◆ They went ahead and sold it behind my back . ➡ compare to sb's face at face noun ● be on sb's ˈback (informal to keep asking or telling sb to do sth that they do not want to do , in a way that they find annoying ● break the ˈback of sth to finish the largest or most important part of a task ● get /put sb's ˈback up (informal to annoy sb ◆ That sort of attitude really gets my back up ! ● get off sb's ˈback (informal to stop annoying sb , for example by criticizing them , or asking them to do sth ◆ Just get off my back , will you ! ● have (got ) sb's ˈback (NAmE informal to protect and support sb ◆ Don't worry , I've got your back . ● have your ˌback to the ˈwall (informal to be in a difficult situation in which you are forced to do sth but are unable to make the choices that you would like ● off the ˌback of a ˈlorry (BrE informal humorous goods that fell off the back of a lorry were probably stolen . People say or accept that they came 'off the back of a lorry ' to avoid saying or asking where they really came from ● on the back of sth as a result of an achievement or a success ◆ The profits growth came on the back of a 26 per cent rise in sales . ● (flat ) on your back (informal in bed because you are ill /sick ◆ She's been flat on her back for over a week now . ◆ (figurative The UK market was flat on its back (= business was very bad . ● put your ˈback into sth to use a lot of effort and energy on a particular task ● turn your back 🔑 to turn so that you are facing in the opposite direction ● turn your back on sb /sth 🔑 to move so that you are standing or sitting with your back facing sb /sth ◆ When on stage , try not to turn your back on the audience . 🔑 to reject sb /sth that you have previously been connected with ◆ She turned her back on them when they needed her . ● cover your ˈback (informal (NAmE also cover your ˈass taboo slang to realize that you may be blamed or criticized for sth later and take action to avoid this ◆ Get everything in writing in order to cover your back . ● have eyes in the back of your ˈhead to be aware of everything that is happening around you , even things that seem difficult or impossible to see ● know sb /sth inside ˈout ● know sb /sth like the back of your ˈhand (informal to be very familiar with sb /sth ◆ This is where I grew up . I know this area like the back of my hand . ● a ˌpat on the ˈback (for sth /for doing sth )(informal praise or approval for sth that you have done well ◆ He deserves a pat on the back for all his hard work . ● pat sb /yourself on the ˈback (informal to praise sb or yourself for doing sth well ● push sth to the back of your ˈmind to try to forget about sth unpleasant ◆ I tried to push the thought to the back of my mind . ● make a rod for your own ˈback to do sth that will cause problems for you in the future ● ˌyou scratch ˈmy back and ˌI'll scratch ˈyours (saying used to say that if sb helps you , you will help them , even if this is unfair to others ● the ˌshirt off sb's ˈback anything that sb has , including the things they really need themselves , that sb else takes from them or they are willing to give ● a ˌstab in the ˈback (informal an act that harms sb , done by a person they thought was a friend ● stab sb in the ˈback to do or say sth that harms sb who trusts you SYN betray ● the last /final ˈstraw ● the ˌstraw that breaks the camel's ˈback the last in a series of bad events , etc . that makes it impossible for you to accept a situation any longer ● (like ) water off a ˌduck's ˈback (informal used to say that sth , especially criticism , has no effect on sb /sth ◆ I can't tell my son what to do ; it's water off a duck's back with him . 🔑 back BrE /bæk / NAmE /bæk / adjective [ only before noun ] ➤ away from front 后面 🔑 located behind or at the back of sth ◆ We were sitting in the back row . ◆ back teeth ◆ a back room (= one at the back of a building ◆ the back page of a newspaper ➡ compare front adjective ➤ from past 过去 of or from a past time ◆ a back number of the magazine ➤ owed 拖欠 owed for a time in the past ◆ back pay /taxes /rent ➤ phonetics 语音 (phonetics 语音学 (of a vowel 元音 produced with the back of the tongue in a higher position than the front , for example /ɑː in English ➡ compare central , front adjective ● on the back ˈburner (informal (of an idea , a plan , etc . 主意、计划等 left for the present time , to be done or considered later ➡ see also back-burner ➡ compare on the front burner at front adjective 🔑 back BrE /bæk / NAmE /bæk / adverb HELP For the special uses of back in phrasal verbs , look at the entries for the verbs . For example pay sb back is in the phrasal verb section at pay . * back 在短语动词中的特殊用法见有关动词词条。如 pay sb back 在词条 pay 的短语动词部分。 ➤ away from front 后面 🔑 away from the front or centre ; behind you ◆ I stepped back to let them pass . ◆ Sit back and relax . ◆ You've combed your hair back . ◆ He turned and looked back . ◆ She fell back towards the end of the race . OPP forward ➤ at a distance 距离 🔑 at a distance away from sth ◆ The barriers kept the crowd back . ◆ Stand back and give me some room . ➤ under control 受控制 🔑 under control ; prevented from being expressed or coming out ◆ He could no longer hold back his tears . ➤ as before 像先前 🔑 to or into the place , condition , situation or activity where sb /sth was before ◆ Put the book back on the shelf . ◆ Please give me my ball back . ◆ He'll be back on Monday . ◆ It takes me an hour to walk there and back . ◆ Could you go back to the beginning of the story ? ◆ She woke up briefly and then went back to sleep . ◆ We were right back where we started , only this time without any money . ➤ in past 过去 🔑 in or into the past ; ago ◆ The village has a history going back to the Middle Ages . ◆ She left back in November . ◆ That was a few years back . ➤ at a previous place 在原处 🔑 at a place previously left or mentioned ◆ We should have turned left five kilometres back . ◆ Back at home , her parents were worried . ◆ I can't wait to get back home . ➤ in return 回应 🔑 in return or reply ◆ If he kicks me , I'll kick him back . ◆ Could you call back later , please ? ● ˌback and ˈforth 🔑 from one place to another and back again repeatedly ◆ ferries sailing back and forth between the islands ● ˌback in the ˈday in the past ◆ My dad's always talking about how great everything was back in the day . ● ˌback in the ˈdays at a particular time in the past ◆ I was a fan back in the days when the band wasn't yet famous . ● back of sth (NAmE informal behind sth ◆ the houses back of the church ● come back /down to ˈearth (with a ˈbang /ˈbump )● bring sb (back ) down to ˈearth (with a ˈbang /ˈbump )(informal to return , or to make sb return , to a normal way of thinking or behaving after a time when they have been very excited , not very practical , etc . ➡ see also down to earth ● back to square ˈone a return to the situation you were in at the beginning of a project , task , etc ., because you have made no real progress ◆ If this suggestion isn't accepted , we'll be back to square one . 🔑 back BrE /bæk / NAmE /bæk / verb present simple - I / you / we / they back BrE /bæk / NAmE /bæk / present simple - he / she / it backs BrE /bæks / NAmE /bæks / past simple backed BrE /bækt / NAmE /bækt / past participle backed BrE /bækt / NAmE /bækt / -ing form backing BrE /ˈbækɪŋ / NAmE /ˈbækɪŋ / ➤ move backwards 后退 🔑 [ I , T ] to move or make sth move backwards ◆ + adv ./prep . He backed against the wall , terrified . ◆ ~ sth + adv ./prep . If you can't drive in forwards , try backing it in . ➡ compare reverse verb ➤ support 支持 🔑 [ T ] ~ sb /sth to give help or support to sb /sth ◆ Her parents backed her in her choice of career . ◆ Doctors have backed plans to raise the tax on cigarettes . ◆ The programme of economic reform is backed (= given financial support by foreign aid . ◆ a United Nations -backed peace plan ➤ bet money 下赌注 [ T ] ~ sth to bet money on a horse in a race , a team in a competition , etc . ◆ I backed the winner and won fifty pounds . ➤ music 音乐 [ T ] ~ sth to play or sing music that supports the main singer or instrument ➡ see also backing ➤ cover back 覆盖背面 [ T ] ~ sth (with sth ) [ usually passive ] to cover the back of sth in order to support or protect it ➤ be behind 在后面 [ T , usually passive ] ~ sth to be located behind sth ◆ The house is backed by fields . ● ˌback the wrong ˈhorse (BrE to support sb /sth that is not successful ● ˌback aˈway (from sb /sth )to move away backwards from sb /sth that is frightening or unpleasant ; to avoid doing sth that is unpleasant ● ˌback ˈdown (on /from sth )(NAmE also ˌback ˈoff to take back a demand , an opinion , etc . that other people are strongly opposed to ; to admit defeat ◆ She refused to back down on a point of principle . ● ˌback ˈoff to move backwards in order to get away from sb /sth frightening or unpleasant ◆ As the riot police approached , the crowd backed off . to stop threatening , criticizing or annoying sb ◆ Back off ! There's no need to yell at me . ◆ The press have agreed to back off and leave the couple alone . ● ˌback ˈoff (from sth )to choose not to take action , in order to avoid a difficult situation ◆ The government backed off from a confrontation . ● ˌback ˈonto sth (of a building 建筑物 to have sth directly behind it ◆ Our house backs onto the river . ● ˌback ˈout (of sth )to decide that you are no longer going to take part in sth that has been agreed ◆ He lost confidence and backed out of the deal at the last minute . ● ˌback ˈup ● ˌback sth↔ˈup to move backwards , especially in a vehicle ◆ You can back up another two feet or so . ◆ I backed the car up to the door . ● ˌback sb /sth↔ˈup 🔑 to support sb /sth ; to say that what sb says , etc . is true ◆ I'll back you up if they don't believe you . ◆ The writer doesn't back up his opinions with examples . 🔑 to provide support for sb /sth ◆ two doctors backed up by a team of nurses ◆ The rebels backed up their demands with threats . ➡ related noun backup ● ˌback sth↔ˈup (computing 计算机 to prepare a second copy of a file , program , etc . that can be used if the main one fails or needs extra support ➡ related noun backup
