| 释义 |
🔑 scratchBrE /skrætʃ/NAmE /skrætʃ/ verbpresent simple - I / you / we / they scratch BrE /skrætʃ/ NAmE /skrætʃ/present simple - he / she / it scratches BrE /ˈskrætʃɪz/ NAmE /ˈskrætʃɪz/past simple scratched BrE /skrætʃt/ NAmE /skrætʃt/past participle scratched BrE /skrætʃt/ NAmE /skrætʃt/ -ing form scratching BrE /ˈskrætʃɪŋ/ NAmE /ˈskrætʃɪŋ/➤rub with your nails 用指甲挠🔑 [T, I] to rub your skin with your nails, usually because it is itching 挠，搔（痒处）◆~ sth/yourselfJohn yawned and scratched his chin. 约翰打个哈欠，挠挠下巴。◆The dog scratched itself behind the ear. 狗用爪子挠挠耳后。◆~ (at sth) Try not to scratch. 尽量别挠。◆She scratched at the insect bites on her arm. 她挠了挠胳膊上虫咬的包。➤cut skin 划破皮肤🔑 [T, I] to cut or damage your skin slightly with sth sharp 划破，抓破，划伤，抓伤（皮肤）◆~ (sb/sth/yourself) I'd scratched my leg and it was bleeding. 我把腿抓出了血。◆Does the cat scratch? 这只猫抓人吗？◆~ sb/sth/yourself on sthShe scratched herself on a nail. 她被钉子划了一下。➤damage surface 损坏表面🔑 [T] ~ sthto damage the surface of sth, especially by accident, by making thin shallow marks on it （尤指意外地）擦破，划损，刮坏◆Be careful not to scratch the furniture. 小心别刮坏家具。◆The car's paintwork is badly scratched. 车的漆面划损得很厉害。➤make/remove mark 造成/去除痕迹🔑 [T] ~ sth + adv./prep. to make or remove a mark, etc. on sth deliberately, by rubbing it with sth hard or sharp 刮出（或刮去）痕迹；划下（或擦去）痕迹◆They scratched lines in the dirt to mark out a pitch. 他们在泥地上划出一个球场。◆We scratched some of the dirt away. 我们刮掉了一些脏东西。◆(figurative) You can scratch my name off the list. 你可以把我的名字从名单上勾掉。➤make sound 发出声音 [I] (+ adv./prep.) to make an irritating noise by rubbing sth with sth sharp 刮（或擦、抓）出刺耳声◆His pen scratched away on the paper. 他的笔在纸上沙沙地响。➤a living 生计 [T] ~ a livingto make enough money to live on, but with difficulty 勉强维持生活➤cancel 取消 [T, I] to decide that sth cannot happen or sb/sth cannot take part in sth, before it starts 取消；撤销；退出◆~ sb/sthto scratch a rocket launch 取消火箭发射计划◆~ sb/sth (from sth) The horse was scratched from the race because of injury. 这匹马因伤被取消了比赛资格。◆~ (from sth) She had scratched because of a knee injury. 她因膝伤退出了比赛。 ●scratch your ˈhead (over sth)to think hard in order to find an answer to sth 苦苦琢磨；苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁●scratch the ˈsurface (of sth)to deal with, understand, or find out about only a small part of a subject or problem 作肤浅的探讨；浅尝辄止；隔靴搔痒●ˌyou scratch ˈmy back and ˌI'll scratch ˈyours(saying) used to say that if sb helps you, you will help them, even if this is unfair to others 礼尚往来；私相授受 ●ˌscratch aˈbout/aˈround (for sth)to search for sth, especially with difficulty （尤指艰难地）搜寻，查寻，查找●ˌscratch sth↔ˈoutto remove a word, especially a name, from sth written, usually by putting a line through it 画掉，勾掉，删除（名字等） 🔑 scratchBrE /skrætʃ/NAmE /skrætʃ/ noun➤mark/cut 划痕；划伤🔑 [C] a mark, a cut or an injury made by scratching sb's skin or the surface of sth （皮肤或物体表面上的）划痕，划伤◆Her hands were covered in scratches from the brambles. 她手上布满了荆棘划的口子。◆a scratch on the paintwork 漆面上的一道划痕◆It's only a scratch (= a very slight injury). 不过是轻微的划伤。◆He escaped without a scratch (= was not hurt at all). 他毫发未损地逃了出去。➤sound 声音 [sing.] the unpleasant sound of sth sharp or rough being rubbed against a surface 刮（或擦、抓）的刺耳声➤with your nails 用指甲 [sing.] the act of scratching a part of your body when it itches 挠痒；搔痒◆Go on, have a good scratch! 来吧，好好挠一挠！●from ˈscratchwithout any previous preparation or knowledge 从头开始；从零开始◆I learned German from scratch in six months. 我从零学起，六个月学会了德语。from the very beginning, not using any of the work done earlier 从头（做起）；从零开始◆They decided to dismantle the machine and start again from scratch. 他们决定拆掉机器，从头再来。●up to ˈscratchas good as sth/sb should be 达到要求；合乎标准 SYN satisfactory ◆His work simply isn't up to scratch. 他的工作根本达不到要求。◆It'll take months to bring the band up to scratch. 得几个月工夫才能使乐队像个样子。 🔑 scratchBrE /skrætʃ/NAmE /skrætʃ/ adjective(BrE) put together in a hurry using whatever people or materials are available 仓促拼凑的◆a scratch team 一支仓促组建的队伍(especially in golf 尤指高尔夫球) with no handicap 无让杆的；无差点的◆a scratch player 参加无让杆比赛的球手 |