Breaking the law 犯法

• break/violate/obey/uphold the law 违反/违背/遵守/维护法律
• be investigated/arrested/tried for a crime/a robbery/fraud 因犯罪/抢劫/诈骗而被调查/逮捕/审判
• be arrested/ (especially NAmE) indicted/convicted on charges of rape/fraud/ (especially US) felony charges 因被控犯强奸罪/诈骗罪/重型罪遭逮捕/起诉/定罪
• be arrested on suspicion of arson/robbery/shoplifting 因涉嫌纵火/抢劫/在商店行窃而被逮捕
• be accused of/be charged with murder/ (especially NAmE) homicide/four counts of fraud 被指控犯有谋杀罪/杀人罪/四项诈骗罪
• face two charges of indecent assault 面临两项猥亵罪的指控
• admit your guilt/liability/responsibility (for sth) 承认（对某事的）罪责/责任
• deny the allegations/claims/charges 否认指控
• confess to a crime 坦白罪行
• grant/be refused/be released on/skip/jump bail 准许/不准保释；交保释金获释；弃保潜逃

The legal process 法律程序

• stand/await/bring sb to/come to/be on trial 受审；候审；把某人送交法院审判；开庭审理；受到审判
• take sb to/come to/settle sth out of court 把某人告上法庭；被法庭受理；庭外和解某事
• face/avoid/escape prosecution 面临/免于/逃脱起诉
• seek/retain/have the right to/be denied access to legal counsel 寻求/聘请/有权聘用/无权聘用律师
• hold/conduct/attend/adjourn a hearing/trial 开庭；出庭；休庭
• sit on/influence/persuade/convince the jury 担任/影响/说服陪审团
• sit/stand/appear/be put/place sb in the dock 坐在/站在/出现在/被送上/将某人送上被告席
• plead guilty/not guilty to a crime 认罪；不认罪
• be called to/enter (BrE) the witness box 被召唤进入/进入证人席
• take/put sb on the stand/ (NAmE) the witness stand 出庭作证；让某人出庭作证
• call/subpoena/question/cross-examine a witness 传唤/以传票传唤/讯问/盘问证人
• give/hear the evidence against/on behalf of sb 提供/听取对某人不利/有利的证据
• raise/withdraw/overrule an objection 提出/撤销/否决异议
• reach a unanimous/majority verdict 作出一致的/多数人赞同的裁决
• return/deliver/record a verdict of not guilty/unlawful killing/accidental death 作出/宣布无罪/非法杀人/意外死亡的裁决
• convict/acquit the defendant of the crime 宣判被告有罪/无罪
• secure a conviction/your acquittal 获得有罪/无罪判决
• lodge/file an appeal 提出上诉
• appeal (against)/challenge/uphold/overturn a conviction/verdict 对判决/裁决提出上诉/质疑；维持/撤销判决/裁决

Sentencing and punishment 判刑与惩罚

• pass sentence on sb 宣布对某人的判决
• carry/face/serve a seven-year/life sentence 会被判处/面临/服七年徒刑/无期徒刑
• receive/be given the death penalty 被判死刑
• be sentenced to ten years (in prison/jail) 被判十年（监禁）
• carry/impose/pay a fine (of $3 000)/a penalty (of 14 years imprisonment) 会被判处/处以/缴纳（3 000 美元的）罚金/（14 年的）监禁
• be imprisoned/jailed for drug possession/fraud/murder 因持有毒品罪/诈骗罪/谋杀罪被监禁
• do/serve time/ten years 服刑；服十年徒刑
• be sent to/put sb in/be released from jail/prison 被送进监狱；把某人送进监狱；被释放出狱
• be/put sb/spend X years on death row 在/把某人关在死囚牢房；在死囚牢房度过…年
• be granted/be denied/break (your) parole 获准假释；假释遭拒；违反假释规定

• Lawyer is a general term for a person who is qualified to advise people about the law, to prepare legal documents for them and/or to represent them in a court of law. * lawyer 泛指律师，有资格提供法律咨询、为当事人准备法律文件、在法庭上代表当事人。
• In England and Wales, a lawyer who is qualified to speak in the higher courts of law is called a barrister. In Scotland a barrister is called an advocate. 在英格兰和威尔士，有资格在高等法院出庭辩护的律师叫 barrister；在苏格兰 barrister 称作 advocate。
• In NAmE attorney is a more formal word used for a lawyer and is used especially in job titles. 在美式英语中，attorney 较 lawyer 正式，尤用于职务头衔：◆district attorney 地方检察官
• Counsel is the formal legal word used for a lawyer who is representing someone in court. * counsel 为正式的法律用语，指代表当事人出庭的律师：◆counsel for the prosecution 控方律师
• Solicitor is the BrE term for a lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares documents, for example when you are buying a house, and sometimes has the right to speak in a court of law. * solicitor 为英式英语，指提供法律咨询、准备法律文件（如购买房屋时）、有时有权出庭辩护的律师。
• In NAmE solicitor is only used in the titles of some lawyers who work for the government. 在美式英语中，solicitor 只用于政府某些法务官员的头衔：◆Solicitor General 司法部副部长