These are all words for money that a person earns or receives for their work. 以上各词均指收入、工资、薪水。

• income money that a person receives for their work, or from investments or business 指收入、收益、所得：◆people on low incomes 低收入的人
• wage/wages money that employees get for doing their job, usually paid every week 通常指按周领取的工资、工钱：◆a weekly wage of £200 周薪 200 英镑
• pay money that employees earn for doing their job 指工资、薪水：◆The job offers good rates of pay. 这工作报酬高。
• salary money that employees earn for doing their job, usually paid every month 通常指按月发放的薪水、薪金

wage, pay or salary? 用 wage、pay 还是 salary？

Pay is the most general of these three words. Employees who work in factories, etc. get their wages each week. Employees who work in offices or professional people such as teachers or doctors receive a salary that is paid each month, but is usually expressed as an annual figure. * pay 在这组词中含义最广。在工厂等工作的雇员按周领取的工钱用 wages。办公室工作人员、教师、医生等专业人员按月领取的薪金用 salary，但通常以年薪表示。

• earnings money that a person earns from their work 指薪水、工资、收入：◆a rise in average earnings for factory workers 工厂工人平均收入的增加

Patterns

• (a) high/low/basic income/wage/pay/salary/earnings
• to earn an income/a wage/your pay/a salary
• to be on a(n) income/wage/salary of…

Income 收入

• earn money/cash/ (informal) a fortune 挣钱；挣一大笔钱
• make money/a fortune/ (informal) a killing on the stock market 在股市上赚钱/赚一大笔钱/发大财
• acquire/inherit/amass wealth/a fortune 获得/继承/积累财富/一大笔钱
• build up funds/savings 积累资金/存款
• get/receive/leave (sb) an inheritance/a legacy 得到/（给某人）留下遗产
• live on a low wage/a fixed income/a pension 靠低微的工资/固定收入/养老金过活
• get/receive/draw/collect a pension 领取养老金
• depend/be dependent on (BrE) benefits/ (NAmE) welfare/social security 靠福利金/社会保障金过活

Expenditure 开支；支出

• spend money/your savings/ (informal) a fortune on… 把钱/存款/一大笔钱花在…上
• invest/put your savings in… 投资/把储蓄金用于…
• throw away/waste/ (informal) shell out money on… 把钱浪费/花费巨资在…上
• lose your money/inheritance/pension 失去钱财/遗产/养老金
• use up/ (informal) wipe out all your savings 把储蓄用光
• pay (in) cash 用现金支付
• use/pay by a credit/debit card 用信用卡/借记卡支付
• pay by/make out a/write sb a/accept a (BrE) cheque/ (US) check 用支票支付；开支票；给某人开支票；接受支票
• change/exchange money/currency/ (BrE) traveller's cheques/ (US) traveler's checks 兑换钱/货币/旅行支票
• give/pay/leave (sb) a deposit 预付（某人）订金

Banks 银行

• have/hold/open/close/freeze a bank account/an account 持有/开立/注销/冻结银行账户
• credit/debit/pay sth into/take money out of your account 记入账户的贷方/借方；把钱存入账户/从账户中取出
• deposit money/funds in your account 往账户里存钱/存入资金
• withdraw money/cash/£30 from an ATM, etc. 从自动提款机等取钱/现金/30 英镑
• (formal) make a deposit/withdrawal 存款；取款
• find/go to/use (especially NAmE) an ATM/ (BrE) a cash machine/dispenser 找到/去/使用自动提款机
• be in credit/in debit/in the black/in the red/overdrawn 账面有钱/亏空；有盈余；透支

Personal finance 个人理财

• manage/handle/plan/run/ (especially BrE) sort out your finances 管理/处理/计划/经营管理/整顿财务问题
• plan/manage/work out/stick to a budget 计划/管理/制订/严格执行预算
• offer/extend credit (to sb) （给某人）提供贷款
• arrange/take out a loan/an overdraft 商定/获得贷款/透支额
• pay back/repay money/a loan/a debt 偿还钱/贷款/债务
• pay for sth in (especially BrE) instalments/ (NAmE usually) installments 以分期付款方式购买某物

Financial difficulties 财务困难

• get into debt/financial difficulties 陷入债务/财务困难
• be short of/ (informal) be strapped for cash 缺钱
• run out of/owe money 钱用光了；欠钱
• face/get/ (informal) be landed with a bill for £… 面对/收到一张…英镑的账单
• can't afford the cost of…/payments/rent 承担不起…的费用/款项/房租
• fall behind with/ (especially NAmE) fall behind on the mortgage/repayments/rent 拖欠按揭贷款/分期偿还款项/房租
• incur/run up/accumulate debts 带来/积欠/累积债务
• tackle/reduce/settle your debts 处理/减少/付清债务