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VERB |
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/duː/ |
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1 | auxiliary verb used for forming a question or negative used before another verb for forming a question or a negative (用于另一个动词前构成疑问句或否定句) |
| Do you drive? 你开车吗? |
| The Queen does not interfere in politics. 女王不干预政治。 |
| What did the doctor say? 医生怎么说的? |
| Didn’ t they tell you I was coming? 他们没告诉你我要来吗? |
| Max doesn’ t live here any more. 马克斯已不住在这里了。 |
| Don’ t believe what he tells you. 别听信他跟你说的话。 |
| 1a | used in a question tag at the end of a sentence when you are asking someone to agree with you , or when you are asking for information (在要求他人同意自己的意见或索求信息时用于句末的反意疑问句中) | | Young William played well, didn’ t he? 年轻的威廉打得很好,不是吗? | | You didn’ t see my keys lying around anywhere, did you? 你没在什么地方看见我的钥匙,是吗? | |
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2 | I used for referring back to a previous verb used instead of repeating the same verb that was used earlier in the sentence , or in a previous sentence (用于替代句子前面或前一个句子中相同的动词) |
| ‘You promised to come with me.’ ‘No I didn’ t.’ “你答应要和我一起来。”“不,我没答应过。” |
| She doesn’ t travel around as much as I do. 她没有我四处旅行得多。 |
| I like Chinese food, but George doesn’ t. 我喜欢吃中国菜,但乔治不喜欢。 |
| ‘I enjoyed our trip to Brighton.’ ‘So did I.’ “布赖顿之行我们玩得很愉快。”“我也有同感。” |
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3 | auxiliary verb used for emphasis |
| 3a | used for emphasizing the meaning of a positive statement (用于强调表示肯定的陈述) | | Your garden does look nice. 你的花园看上去确实很漂亮。 | | My memory isn’ t very good, but I do remember what she was wearing. 我的记忆力不太好,但我确实记得她当时的穿着。 | | I did lock the door. I’ m absolutely sure. 我确实锁了门。我绝对肯定。 | |
| 3b | used when you are politely trying to persuade someone to do something (用于礼貌地劝说) | | Do stay and have dinner with us. 留下来和我们共进晚餐吧。 | | Do be quiet! 请保持安静! | |
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4 | T perform an action , activity , or job |
| 4a | to perform an action 做;干 | | I hope you’ re sorry for what you’ ve done. 我希望你会对所干的事感到懊悔。 | | He shouldn’ t have thrown the bottle – it was a stupid thing to do. 他不该扔瓶子的,这样做很愚蠢。 | | do sth for sb Is there anything I can do for you? 我能为你做些什么吗? | |
| 4b | to take part in an activity 参加(活动);做 | | I do yoga twice a week. 我一星期练两次瑜伽。 | | Are you doing anything this weekend? 你这个周末有什么安排吗? | | While I’ m in Norway, I want to do some skiing. 我到挪威的时候要去滑雪。 | | nothing to do There’ s nothing to do around here – it’ s really boring. 在这儿没有什么事可做,真无聊。 | |
| 4c | to take part in an activity with others 一起参加;一起做 | | do lunch/a film/dinner etc Call me and we’ ll do lunch. 打电话给我,我们一起吃午饭。 | |
| 4d | to perform or complete a job or a piece of work 进行;做;做完 | | He’ s just doing a few jobs around the house. 他正在房子周围干些杂活。 | | We’ ll all be doing exams next week. 我们下星期都要考试。 | | Have you done that essay yet? 你写完那篇论文了吗? | | He did his PhD at Harvard. 他是在哈佛大学攻读的哲学博士学位。 | | do the washing/ironing/cooking etc Who’ s going to do the cooking? 谁来做饭呢? | |
| 4e | to perform a play , song , dance etc 表演;演出;唱;跳 | | To start with, we’ d like to do a song from our first album. 首先,我们想唱一首我们第一张专辑里的歌。 | |
| 4f | to take action in order to deal with a situation 采取(行动);做;干 | | Don’ t just stand there, do something! 别只站在那儿,行动起来。 | | do sth about sth What is the government going to do about the growing crisis in the Health Service? 面对医疗保健服务系统日益严重的危机,政府将采取何种措施? | |
| 4g | someone’ s job or profession (某人从事的)工作,职业 | | I’ m not sure what she does. I think she works in a bank. 我不清楚她从事什么工作。我想她在银行工作。 | | ‘What did your Dad do for a living?’ ‘He was a teacher.’ “你的父亲是干哪一行的?”“他是位教师。” | |
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5 | T make things clean or tidy |
| 5a | to clean something , or to make a place tidy 打扫;把…弄干净;整理 | | I want to do the sitting room and the bedrooms before our guests arrive. 我想在客人到达前把起居室和卧室打扫干净。 | | A man comes in once a week to do the garden. 有个人每周来整理一次花园。 | | do the dishes/windows/floors etc Here, let me help you do the dishes. 喂,让我来帮你洗碗。 | |
| 5b | to brush your teeth/arrange your hair/paint your fingernails etc 刷牙/梳头/涂指甲等 | | She was sitting in front of the mirror doing her hair. 她正坐在镜子前梳头发。 | | Don’ t forget to do your teeth before you go to bed. 别忘了在睡前刷牙。 | |
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6 | T have an effect to have a good or harmful effect 对…产生影响 |
| It’ s amazing what a little encouragement can do. 一点鼓励会有这么大的效果,真是令人吃惊。 |
| Frost can do a lot of damage. 霜冻会造成很大的破坏。 |
| do sth to sb/sth Can’ t you see what all this stress and uncertainty is doing to our family? 难道你看不出这种紧张和不确定感对我们家造成的影响吗? |
| do (sb/sth) good/harm The fresh air will do you good. 新鲜空气对你有好处。 |
| How much harm did the oil crisis do to our economy? 石油危机对我们国家的经济造成了多大的损害? |
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7 | I used for talking about health or success |
| 7a | used for talking about someone’ s health or their general situation (用于谈论某人的健康或一般状况) | | Sam! I haven’ t seen you in a while – how are you doing? 萨姆!有一阵子没见到你了,你好吗? | | be doing well/fine etc Grandpa’ s not doing too well – we had to take him to hospital last night. 爷爷身体不太好,我们昨天晚上只好送他去医院。 | |
| 7b | used for talking about how someone is progressing or how successful they are 进行;进展 | | How’ s Monica doing? Has she finished her course yet? 莫妮卡进展如何?她学完课程了吗? | | do well/badly/all right etc He did well in the exams. 他考得不错。 | | I’ m afraid the business is doing badly – profits are right down. 很遗憾,生意做得很不好,利润降得很低。 | |
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8 | T BRITISH study to study a subject 学习;攻读;研究 |
| ‘Which subjects are you doing at college?’ ‘I’ m doing history and economics.’ “你在大学里学什么科目?”“我在学历史和经济学。” |
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9 | T informal spend time to spend an amount of time doing something 度过(一段时间) |
| I did two years in the navy. 我在海军服了两年役。 |
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10 | T provide or sell to provide or sell a particular service or product 提供;供应;出售 |
| Office Supplies do a nice little computer desk at £35. 办公用品部以35英镑的价格出售漂亮的小电脑桌。 |
| We do sandwiches and other snacks in the bar. 我们小吃店供应三明治和其他小吃。 |
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11 | T make sth |
| 11a | to prepare a particular kind of food 煮;烧;煎 | | I’ m doing chicken for dinner tonight. 今晚晚餐我要做鸡。 | |
| 11b | to draw or paint a picture or decoration 画;漆 | | All these paintings of Venice were done by Canaletto. 所有这些关于威尼斯的绘画作品都出自卡纳莱托之手。 | | Who did the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel? 西斯廷教堂的天花板上的壁画是谁画的? | |
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12 | T move a particular distance or at a particular speed |
| 12a | used for saying how far someone or something succeeds in travelling 走过,行过(路程) | | We did 32 miles that day, marching over rough mountain roads. 我们那天在崎岖不平的山路上走了32英里。 | |
| 12b | used for saying what speed someone or something achieves 以…速度行进 | | The Toyota MR2 will do 130 mph. 那辆丰田MR2可以以每小时130英里的速度行驶。 | |
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13 | T informal act like sb to copy someone’ s voice , manner , or way of moving , in order to entertain people 模仿 |
| You should see him do Elvis Presley. 你应该看看他模仿猫王。 |
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14 | I informal change in a particular way used for talking about how something may change 变化 |
| I wonder what the weather’ s going to do. 我不知道天气会有什么变化。 |
| It all depends on what interest rates do over the next twelve months. 这完全取决于接下来12个月的利率变化。 |
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15 | T BRITISH informal cheat to cheat someone 欺骗 |
| You paid £50 for that rubbish? You’ ve been done! 你花了50英镑买那垃圾?你受骗了! |
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16 | T informal use drugs to use illegal drugs 吸(毒) |
| He doesn’ t drink or do drugs, but he smokes. 他不喝酒也不吸毒,但他抽烟。 |
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17 | T BRITISH informal catch and punish if the police do you for a crime , they catch you and you are punished 逮捕 |
| get done for sth He got done for driving without a licence. 他因无照驾驶而被捕。 |
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18 | T informal visit a place to visit a famous place as a tourist 参观 |
| After we’ d done the Pyramids we went back to the Cairo Museum. 在参观完金字塔后我们回到开罗博物馆。 |
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19 | T informal have sex to have sex with someone 同…发生性关系 |
PHRASES |
- | do as you’ re told spoken |
| used for telling a child to obey you |
| (用于告诉儿童)照说的去做 |
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- | do your best/utmost |
| to try as hard as you can |
| 尽力 |
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| I’ m not sure if I can win this race, but I’ ll do my best. 我没把握能否赢得这场比赛,但我会尽力的。 |
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- | do it informal |
| to have sexThis phrase is used when you want to avoid saying this directly |
| 发生性关系,干那事(婉转的说法) |
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| She says they spent the night together but they didn’ t actually do it. 她说他们一起度过了那个晚上,但他们确实没干那事。 |
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- | that does it spoken |
| used for saying that someone or something that has been annoying you has finally made you so angry that you will do something |
| (用于表示生气且要采取行动)够了,行了 |
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| That does it! I’ m calling the police. 够了!我要报警了! |
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- | that’ s done it BRITISH spoken |
| used when something goes wrong for saying that you are going to be in trouble |
| 完蛋了 |
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| Well, that’ s done it. There’ s no way we can stop him finding out now. 唉,完蛋了。我们现在没法瞒他了。 |
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- | that will do spoken |
| used for telling someone , especially a child , to stop talking or behaving badly |
| (尤用于告诫孩子)够了 |
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- | what is sb/sth doing...? spoken |
| used for asking why someone or something is in a particular place because you think they should not be there |
| 某人/某物怎么会在…呢? |
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| That’ s my diary, but what’ s it doing on your desk? 那是我的日记,怎么会在你的书桌上呢? |
| What are you doing wandering about the school at this time of night? 你怎么会在晚上这个时候在学校里闲逛呢? |
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- | what’ s doing? spoken |
| used for asking what events are taking place |
| 有什么活动?;发生过什么事? |
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| So what’ s doing back in the village these days? 那么这些天我们村子里有什么事情? |
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- | will do |
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1 | used for saying that something is enough or is suitable for a particular purpose 足够了;可以了 | If you haven’ t got a proper bandage, any strip of clean cotton or linen will do. 如果你没有合适的绷带,干净的棉布条或麻布条也可以。 | | ‘I suppose we ought to tip the waiter, but I’ ve only got 20 francs left.’ ‘That’ ll do.’ “我认为我们应当给服务生小费,但我只剩下20法郎了。”“那足够了。” | | +as/for (=be suitable to be used as something) An empty box will do for a table. 可当作…用 | | will do sb (=will be good enough for someone) ‘All I’ ve got to offer you is instant coffee.’ ‘That’ ll do me.’ 对某人来说足够好了 | |
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2 | spoken used for telling someone that you will do what they have asked 遵命;行;可以 | ‘Could you read through this report for me?’ ‘Will do.’ “你能帮我把这份报告看一遍吗?”“可以。” | |
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- | won’ t do/wouldn’ t do/doesn’ t do spoken |
| used for saying that a particular situation or way of behaving is not sensible or suitable |
| 不合适;不得体 |
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| It wouldn’ t do for you to be seen with someone like Joe. 被人看见你与像乔这样的人在一起是不合适的。 |
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- | would do well to do sth |
| used for advising that someone should do something |
| (用于建议某人)最好还是做某事 |
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| You’ re still only a junior employee in this business, and you’ d do well to remember that. 你还只是这家公司的一个低级雇员,你最好还是记住这一点。 |
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PHRASAL VERBS |
- | ˌdo aˈway with |
| PHRASAL VB |
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1 | do away with sth: to get rid of something 去掉;废除 | A lot of the restrictions on imports have been done away with. 对进口的许多限制已被废除了。 | |
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2 | do away with sb: informal to murder someone 谋杀;干掉;杀死 | There were rumours that Doug had done away with his wife. 有谣言说道格杀死了他的妻子。 | |
- | ˌdo ˈdown |
| PHRASAL VB BRITISHINFORMAL |
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| to criticize someone in a way that makes them seem stupid or unsuccessful 贬低;说…的坏话 | Joe had been done down by his teacher so often that he had lost all confidence. 乔经常被他的老师贬低,所以他已完全失去了自信心。 | | do yourself down You mustn’ t do yourself down – you have a lot of ability. 你不应该贬低自己,你很有能力。 | |
- | ˈdo for |
| PHRASAL VB BRITISH |
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1 | informal to make it impossible for someone to succeed or continue living 击败;杀死 | It was the flu that did for her in the end. 是流感最后夺去了她的生命。 | |
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2 | old-fashioned to regularly clean someone else’ s house and cook for them 定期为…料理家务 | Mrs Bradley used to come in twice a week to do for us. 布拉德利夫人过去每周来两次,替我们料理家务。 | |
| - | be done for | | | 1 | informal if something is done for , it is in such bad condition or so badly damaged that it cannot be used 破损不堪的;坏了的 | We’ re going to have to buy a new photocopier – this one’ s done for. 我们得买台新复印机,这一台已经坏了。 | | | | 2 | informal to be likely to be punished, hurt , or killed 可能受到惩罚的;可能受伤的;可能被杀的 | If the guards see us, we’ re done for. 要是卫兵看见我们,我们会没命的。 | | | | 3 | to be so tired that you cannot continue 精疲力竭的 | I’ m afraid Oates is pretty well done for – he can’ t walk any further. 恐怕奥茨已经精疲力竭了,他一步也走不动了。 | | | | | | | | | | |
- | ˌdo ˈin |
| PHRASAL VB |
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1 | informal to murder someone 谋杀;干掉;杀死 | I reckon someone did her in to get her money. 我认为是有人为了抢她的钱把她杀了。 | |
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2 | usually passive spoken to make someone feel very tired 使筋疲力尽 | I’ m completely done in after all that running around. 四处跑来跑去,累死我了。 | | It was climbing that last hill that really did them in. 爬最后那座山才真正把他们累垮了。 | |
- | ˌdo ˈout |
| PHRASAL VB BRITISH |
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1 | informal to make a room , cupboard , or drawer thoroughly tidy and clean 打扫;整理 | While I’ m down here, I’ ll do out these cupboards. 我来这里的时候会整理这些碗橱。 | |
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2 | to decorate a room 装饰 | do sth out in sth They’ ve had their kitchen done out in light wood and blue tiles. 他们用浅色木材和蓝色瓷砖装修了厨房。 | |
- | ˌdo ˈout of |
| PHRASAL VB INFORMAL |
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| do sb out of sth: to stop someone from getting or having something that they should have , especially in a way that is unfair or dishonest 向…骗取;剥夺 | That guy at the garage did me out of £50 last night. 汽车修理厂的那个家伙昨天晚上骗了我50英镑。 | | We’ ve got a letter from a war widow who claims she’ s been done out of her pension. 我们收到了一位阵亡军人遗孀的来信,她声称被剥夺了抚恤金。 | |
- | ˌdo ˈover |
| PHRASAL VB INFORMAL |
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1 | usually passive BRITISH if your house has been done over , thieves have got into it and stolen things from it , usually causing damage 入室偷窃 | As soon as I opened the door, I could see the place had been done over. 我一打开门就发现这个地方遭人洗劫了。 | |
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2 | BRITISH to attack someone and hit and kick them 痛打 | He was done over by a gang of kids. 他遭到一帮年轻人的毒打。 | |
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3 | MAINLY AMERICAN to decorate a building or room again in a completely different way 重新装饰 | Can we afford to have the house done over? 我们付得起重新装修房子的费用吗? | |
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4 | do sth over: AMERICAN to do something again from the beginning , especially because you did it badly the first time (尤指由于第一次做得很差而)重做 | OK, we’ ll do it over, but try to sing the right words this time. 好吧,我们重新开始,但这次要尽量把歌词唱对。 | |
- | ˈdo to |
| PHRASAL VB |
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1 | do sth to sth: to make changes in something 改变;改动 | What have you done to your hair? 你对你的头发做了什么处理? | | They did something to the central heating and now it doesn’ t work. 他们对集中供暖系统做了些改动,现在它不能运转了。 | |
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2 | do sth to sb: to treat someone in a way that harms them 恶劣地对待;虐待 | I’ ll never forgive him for what he did to me. 他那样虐待我,我永远也不会原谅他。 | | They did terrible things to some of the prisoners. 他们残酷虐待一些囚犯。 | |
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3 | do sth to sb: to affect someone in a way that makes them happy , sad , or excited 使高兴;使悲伤;使兴奋 | When I hear that song, it always does something to me. 每当我听到那首歌时,心中总会泛起波澜。 | |
- | ˌdo ˈup |
| PHRASAL VB |
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1 | T to fasten something 扎;扣;捆;系 | Do up your shoelaces. 系上你的鞋带。 | | You don’ t need to do up the top button. 你不必扣最上面的纽扣。 | | 1a | I if clothes do up in a particular way , they fasten in that way (衣服)扣上,系上 | | The dress does up at the back. 这件连衣裙是在背后扣扣子的。 | | |
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2 | T BRITISH to repair , paint , and improve an old building , car , boat etc 维修;漆;装修;修缮 | It’ s a lovely cottage, but it needs doing up a bit. 那是一栋可爱的小屋,但需要重新装修一下。 | | We spent our weekends doing up a 1934 Rolls Royce. 我们用几个周末的时间修理了一辆1934年产的劳斯莱斯汽车。 | |
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3 | T BRITISH to wrap something in paper or cloth in an attractive way (用纸或布)包,裹 | He held a small parcel done up in coloured paper and ribbon. 他拿着一个用彩纸和缎带包起来的小包裹。 | |
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4 | T usually passive to tie or arrange your hair in a particular way 扎(头发);梳(头发) | Her shiny dark hair was done up in a ponytail. | |
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5 | T usually passive to dress someone in special clothes or put make-up on them 穿上;打扮 | She had spent hours doing herself up for the party. 为了参加聚会她花了好几个小时打扮自己。 | | (all) done up Angie was done up in a silky black dress and fishnet stockings. 安吉穿着黑色的丝质连衣裙和网眼长袜。 | |
- | ˈdo with |
| PHRASAL VB |
| - | have (sth/anything) to do with | | to be connected with someone or something | | 与…有关/无关 | | | | Most of the articles have to do with America’ s role in the world since the end of the Cold War. 大多数文章是关于冷战后美国在世界上的作用的。 | | Was the dispute anything to do with safety regulations? 这场争论与安全规定有关吗? | | | - | be/have nothing to do with sb | | | 1 | used for saying that someone or something is not connected with or involved in a particular fact or situation 与某人无关 | I’ m quite sure Nancy’ s resignation has nothing to do with her health. 我确信南希的辞职与她的健康状况无关。 | | Reynolds has always claimed that he had nothing to do with her disappearance. 雷诺兹一直声称他与她的失踪无关。 | | | | 2 | used for saying that something is personal and private and there is no reason for anyone else to know about it 不关某人的事 | What I do in my own time has nothing to do with you. 我在私人时间里做什么不干你的事。 | | | | | | | | | | - | could do with sth spoken | | used for saying that you want or need something | | 想要某物;需要某物 | | | | I could do with a nice cup of tea right now. 我现在想要喝杯好茶。 | | I’ m sure James could do with some help. 我敢肯定詹姆斯需要一些帮助。 | | | - | what sb does with sth | | | 1 | used for asking what arrangements someone makes for something (用于询问)某人如何处理某事 | What do you usually do with the cat when you’ re away? 你不在的时候通常是怎样安置那只猫的? | | | | 2 | used for asking where someone puts something (用于询问)某人把某物放置在哪里 | ‘What have you done with my calculator?’ ‘I put it on your desk.’ “你把我的计算器放在哪里了?”“我把它放在你的桌子上了。” | | | | 3 | used for asking how someone uses something (用于询问)某人怎样利用某物 | What am I going to do with all this food if no one turns up? 如果没有人来,我该如何处理所有这些食品呢? | | | | | | | | | | - | what sb does with themselves | | used for asking how someone spends their time | | (用于询问)某人如何打发时间 | | | | What are you going to do with yourself during the school holidays? 学校放假时你打算怎样过? | | He won’ t know what to do with himself while Julie is gone. 朱莉不在的时候他不知道如何打发时间。 | | | - | what has sth (got) to do with...? | | used for asking, often in an angry way , how two people or things are connected or why someone is interested in something | | (常用于生气地询问)某事与…有什么关系? | | | | What have her personal problems got to do with my holiday plans? 她的个人问题跟我的度假计划有什么关系? | | As a matter of fact I do have a boyfriend, but what’ s that got to do with you? 实际上我确实有男朋友,但那跟你有什么关系? | | | - | what is sb doing with sth? spoken | | used for asking why someone has something | | (用于询问)某人为什么有某物 | | | | What are you doing with my CD player? I never said you could borrow it. 你为什么拿着我的CD播放机?我从没说过要借给你。 | | | - | what sb is going to do with sb spoken | | used for asking how you are going to make someone behave better | | (用于询问)某人要如何管教某人 | | | | I don’ t know what we’ re going to do with you, Tony. You’ re always in trouble. 我不知道我们该怎么说你,托尼。你总是有麻烦。 | | | |
- | ˌdo withˈout |
| PHRASAL VB |
| |
| do without sb/sth: to succeed in living or working without someone or something 将就;设法对付过去;没有…也行 | There’ s no more milk, so I guess we’ ll just have to do without. 没牛奶了,所以我想我们只好将就了。 | | Now that they have a regular income, they should be able to do without any help from us. 现在他们有了固定收入,没有我们的帮助应该也能应付得了。 | | You’ ll be gone for six days? I think we can do without you for that long. 你要去6天吗?我想我们这么长时间没有你也能过得去。 | |
| - | can/could do without sth spoken | | used for saying that something is annoying you and causing problems for you | | (因受到滋扰而)希望没有某事 | | | | I could do without all these interruptions. 我希望没有这些干扰。 | | | |
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