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单词 do
释义
do 1 ★★★
VERB  
/duː/
  Do can be used in the following waysdo 有以下用法:
  as an auxiliary verb , especially for forming questions and negatives in the simple present or simple past tense (followed by an infinitive without ‘to’ )用作助动词,尤用于构成一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句和否定句(后接不带to的不定式): Did you enjoy the party? 这次聚会你玩得开不开心? She does not understand. 她不理解。 In conversation and informal written English the following negative short forms of the auxiliary verb are used: doesn’ t , don’ t , and didn’ t .会话和非正式的书面英语常使用该助动词的否定缩略形式doesn’t,don’t 和didn’t。
  as an intransitive verb that replaces or refers to an ordinary verb that was in a previous clause or sentence用作不及物动词替代或指代前面分句或句子中的普通动词: You know as much as I do as much as I know. 你知道的跟我一样多。
  as an auxiliary verb to form a question tag in the simple present or past tense (when there is no auxiliary or modal verb in the main clause)(在主句无其他助动词或情态动词的情况下)用作助动词,构成一般现在时或一般过去时的反意疑问语: You teach English, don’ t you? 你教英语,不是吗?(where do is used in the main clause)在使用do的主句里: They don’ t believe us, do they? 他们不相信我们,是吗? He did well, didn’ t he? 他干得很好,不是吗?
  as an ordinary transitive verb 用作普通及物动词: He always did his duty. 他总是能尽到自己的责任。
  as an ordinary intransitive verb 用作普通不及物动词: I need something sharp. That screwdriver will do. 我需要尖的东西。那把螺丝刀就行。
  When do is an ordinary transitive or intransitive verb, questions and negatives are formed by using the auxiliary verb do with it当do 用作普通及物动词或不及物动词时,用助动词do 与之构成疑问句和否定句: What do you do in your spare time? 你在业余时间做些什么呢? He didn’ t do his homework. 他没有做家庭作业。
1  auxiliary verb  used for forming a question or negative
used before another verb for forming a question or a negative (用于另一个动词前构成疑问句或否定句)

Do you drive? 你开车吗?

The Queen does not interfere in politics. 女王不干预政治。

What did the doctor say? 医生怎么说的?

Didn’ t they tell you I was coming? 他们没告诉你我要来吗?

Max doesn’ t live here any more. 马克斯已不住在这里了。

Don’ t believe what he tells you. 别听信他跟你说的话。

1a used in a question tag at the end of a sentence when you are asking someone to agree with you , or when you are asking for information (在要求他人同意自己的意见或索求信息时用于句末的反意疑问句中)

Young William played well, didn’ t he? 年轻的威廉打得很好,不是吗?

You didn’ t see my keys lying around anywhere, did you? 你没在什么地方看见我的钥匙,是吗?

2  I  used for referring back to a previous verb
used instead of repeating the same verb that was used earlier in the sentence , or in a previous sentence (用于替代句子前面或前一个句子中相同的动词)

‘You promised to come with me.’ ‘No I didn’ t.’ “你答应要和我一起来。”“不,我没答应过。”

She doesn’ t travel around as much as I do. 她没有我四处旅行得多。

I like Chinese food, but George doesn’ t. 我喜欢吃中国菜,但乔治不喜欢。

‘I enjoyed our trip to Brighton.’ ‘So did I.’ “布赖顿之行我们玩得很愉快。”“我也有同感。”

3  auxiliary verb  used for emphasis
3a used for emphasizing the meaning of a positive statement (用于强调表示肯定的陈述)

Your garden does look nice. 你的花园看上去确实很漂亮。

My memory isn’ t very good, but I do remember what she was wearing. 我的记忆力不太好,但我确实记得她当时的穿着。

I did lock the door. I’ m absolutely sure. 我确实锁了门。我绝对肯定。

3b used when you are politely trying to persuade someone to do something (用于礼貌地劝说)

Do stay and have dinner with us. 留下来和我们共进晚餐吧。

Do be quiet! 请保持安静!

4  T  perform an action , activity , or job
4a to perform an action 做;干

I hope you’ re sorry for what you’ ve done. 我希望你会对所干的事感到懊悔。

He shouldn’ t have thrown the bottle – it was a stupid thing to do. 他不该扔瓶子的,这样做很愚蠢。

do sth for sb Is there anything I can do for you? 我能为你做些什么吗?

4b to take part in an activity 参加(活动);做

I do yoga twice a week. 我一星期练两次瑜伽。

Are you doing anything this weekend? 你这个周末有什么安排吗?

While I’ m in Norway, I want to do some skiing. 我到挪威的时候要去滑雪。

nothing to do There’ s nothing to do around here – it’ s really boring. 在这儿没有什么事可做,真无聊。

4c to take part in an activity with others 一起参加;一起做

do lunch/a film/dinner etc Call me and we’ ll do lunch. 打电话给我,我们一起吃午饭。

4d to perform or complete a job or a piece of work 进行;做;做完

He’ s just doing a few jobs around the house. 他正在房子周围干些杂活。

We’ ll all be doing exams next week. 我们下星期都要考试。

Have you done that essay yet? 你写完那篇论文了吗?

He did his PhD at Harvard. 他是在哈佛大学攻读的哲学博士学位。

do the washing/ironing/cooking etc Who’ s going to do the cooking? 谁来做饭呢?

4e to perform a play , song , dance etc 表演;演出;唱;跳

To start with, we’ d like to do a song from our first album. 首先,我们想唱一首我们第一张专辑里的歌。

4f to take action in order to deal with a situation 采取(行动);做;干

Don’ t just stand there, do something! 别只站在那儿,行动起来。

do sth about sth What is the government going to do about the growing crisis in the Health Service? 面对医疗保健服务系统日益严重的危机,政府将采取何种措施?

4g someone’ s job or profession (某人从事的)工作,职业

I’ m not sure what she does. I think she works in a bank. 我不清楚她从事什么工作。我想她在银行工作。

‘What did your Dad do for a living?’ ‘He was a teacher.’ “你的父亲是干哪一行的?”“他是位教师。”

5  T  make things clean or tidy
5a to clean something , or to make a place tidy 打扫;把…弄干净;整理

I want to do the sitting room and the bedrooms before our guests arrive. 我想在客人到达前把起居室和卧室打扫干净。

A man comes in once a week to do the garden. 有个人每周来整理一次花园。

do the dishes/windows/floors etc Here, let me help you do the dishes. 喂,让我来帮你洗碗。

5b to brush your teeth/arrange your hair/paint your fingernails etc 刷牙/梳头/涂指甲等

She was sitting in front of the mirror doing her hair. 她正坐在镜子前梳头发。

Don’ t forget to do your teeth before you go to bed. 别忘了在睡前刷牙。

6  T  have an effect
to have a good or harmful effect 对…产生影响

It’ s amazing what a little encouragement can do. 一点鼓励会有这么大的效果,真是令人吃惊。

Frost can do a lot of damage. 霜冻会造成很大的破坏。

do sth to sb/sth Can’ t you see what all this stress and uncertainty is doing to our family? 难道你看不出这种紧张和不确定感对我们家造成的影响吗?

do (sb/sth) good/harm The fresh air will do you good. 新鲜空气对你有好处。

How much harm did the oil crisis do to our economy? 石油危机对我们国家的经济造成了多大的损害?

7  I  used for talking about health or success
7a used for talking about someone’ s health or their general situation (用于谈论某人的健康或一般状况)

Sam! I haven’ t seen you in a while – how are you doing? 萨姆!有一阵子没见到你了,你好吗?

be doing well/fine etc Grandpa’ s not doing too well – we had to take him to hospital last night. 爷爷身体不太好,我们昨天晚上只好送他去医院。

7b used for talking about how someone is progressing or how successful they are 进行;进展

How’ s Monica doing? Has she finished her course yet? 莫妮卡进展如何?她学完课程了吗?

do well/badly/all right etc He did well in the exams. 他考得不错。

I’ m afraid the business is doing badly – profits are right down. 很遗憾,生意做得很不好,利润降得很低。

8  T  BRITISH  study
to study a subject 学习;攻读;研究

‘Which subjects are you doing at college?’ ‘I’ m doing history and economics.’ “你在大学里学什么科目?”“我在学历史和经济学。”

9  T  informal   spend time
to spend an amount of time doing something 度过(一段时间)

I did two years in the navy. 我在海军服了两年役。

10  T  provide or sell
to provide or sell a particular service or product 提供;供应;出售

Office Supplies do a nice little computer desk at £35. 办公用品部以35英镑的价格出售漂亮的小电脑桌。

We do sandwiches and other snacks in the bar. 我们小吃店供应三明治和其他小吃。

11  T  make sth
11a to prepare a particular kind of food 煮;烧;煎

I’ m doing chicken for dinner tonight. 今晚晚餐我要做鸡。

11b to draw or paint a picture or decoration 画;漆

All these paintings of Venice were done by Canaletto. 所有这些关于威尼斯的绘画作品都出自卡纳莱托之手。

Who did the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel? 西斯廷教堂的天花板上的壁画是谁画的?

12  T  move a particular distance or at a particular speed
12a used for saying how far someone or something succeeds in travelling 走过,行过(路程)

We did 32 miles that day, marching over rough mountain roads. 我们那天在崎岖不平的山路上走了32英里。

12b used for saying what speed someone or something achieves 以…速度行进

The Toyota MR2 will do 130 mph. 那辆丰田MR2可以以每小时130英里的速度行驶。

13  T  informal   act like sb
to copy someone’ s voice , manner , or way of moving , in order to entertain people 模仿

You should see him do Elvis Presley. 你应该看看他模仿猫王。

14  I  informal   change in a particular way
used for talking about how something may change 变化

I wonder what the weather’ s going to do. 我不知道天气会有什么变化。

It all depends on what interest rates do over the next twelve months. 这完全取决于接下来12个月的利率变化。

15  T  BRITISH  informal   cheat
to cheat someone 欺骗

You paid £50 for that rubbish? You’ ve been done! 你花了50英镑买那垃圾?你受骗了!

16  T  informal   use drugs
to use illegal drugs 吸(毒)

He doesn’ t drink or do drugs, but he smokes. 他不喝酒也不吸毒,但他抽烟。

17  T  BRITISH  informal   catch and punish
if the police do you for a crime , they catch you and you are punished 逮捕

get done for sth He got done for driving without a licence. 他因无照驾驶而被捕。

18  T  informal   visit a place
to visit a famous place as a tourist 参观

After we’ d done the Pyramids we went back to the Cairo Museum. 在参观完金字塔后我们回到开罗博物馆。

19  T  informal   have sex
to have sex with someone 同…发生性关系
PHRASES
-   do as you’ re told spoken
used for telling a child to obey you
  (用于告诉儿童)照说的去做
-   do your best/utmost
to try as hard as you can
  尽力

I’ m not sure if I can win this race, but I’ ll do my best. 我没把握能否赢得这场比赛,但我会尽力的。

-   do it informal
to have sexThis phrase is used when you want to avoid saying this directly
  发生性关系,干那事(婉转的说法)

She says they spent the night together but they didn’ t actually do it. 她说他们一起度过了那个晚上,但他们确实没干那事。

-   that does it spoken
used for saying that someone or something that has been annoying you has finally made you so angry that you will do something
  (用于表示生气且要采取行动)够了,行了

That does it! I’ m calling the police. 够了!我要报警了!

-   that’ s done it BRITISH spoken
used when something goes wrong for saying that you are going to be in trouble
  完蛋了

Well, that’ s done it. There’ s no way we can stop him finding out now. 唉,完蛋了。我们现在没法瞒他了。

-   that will do spoken
used for telling someone , especially a child , to stop talking or behaving badly
  (尤用于告诫孩子)够了
-   what is sb/sth doing...? spoken
used for asking why someone or something is in a particular place because you think they should not be there
  某人/某物怎么会在…呢?

That’ s my diary, but what’ s it doing on your desk? 那是我的日记,怎么会在你的书桌上呢?

What are you doing wandering about the school at this time of night? 你怎么会在晚上这个时候在学校里闲逛呢?

-   what’ s doing? spoken
used for asking what events are taking place
  有什么活动?;发生过什么事?

So what’ s doing back in the village these days? 那么这些天我们村子里有什么事情?

-   will do
1 used for saying that something is enough or is suitable for a particular purpose 足够了;可以了

If you haven’ t got a proper bandage, any strip of clean cotton or linen will do. 如果你没有合适的绷带,干净的棉布条或麻布条也可以。

‘I suppose we ought to tip the waiter, but I’ ve only got 20 francs left.’ ‘That’ ll do.’ “我认为我们应当给服务生小费,但我只剩下20法郎了。”“那足够了。”

+as/for (=be suitable to be used as something) An empty box will do for a table. 可当作…用

will do sb (=will be good enough for someone) ‘All I’ ve got to offer you is instant coffee.’ ‘That’ ll do me.’ 对某人来说足够好了

2 spoken   used for telling someone that you will do what they have asked 遵命;行;可以

‘Could you read through this report for me?’ ‘Will do.’ “你能帮我把这份报告看一遍吗?”“可以。”

-   won’ t do/wouldn’ t do/doesn’ t do spoken
used for saying that a particular situation or way of behaving is not sensible or suitable
  不合适;不得体

It wouldn’ t do for you to be seen with someone like Joe. 被人看见你与像乔这样的人在一起是不合适的。

-   would do well to do sth
used for advising that someone should do something
  (用于建议某人)最好还是做某事

You’ re still only a junior employee in this business, and you’ d do well to remember that. 你还只是这家公司的一个低级雇员,你最好还是记住这一点。

PHRASAL VERBS
ˌdo aˈway with
PHRASAL VB  T 
1 do away with sth: to get rid of something 去掉;废除

A lot of the restrictions on imports have been done away with. 对进口的许多限制已被废除了。

2 do away with sb: informal   to murder someone 谋杀;干掉;杀死

There were rumours that Doug had done away with his wife. 有谣言说道格杀死了他的妻子。

ˌdo ˈdown
PHRASAL VB  T  BRITISHINFORMAL 
to criticize someone in a way that makes them seem stupid or unsuccessful 贬低;说…的坏话

Joe had been done down by his teacher so often that he had lost all confidence. 乔经常被他的老师贬低,所以他已完全失去了自信心。

do yourself down You mustn’ t do yourself down – you have a lot of ability. 你不应该贬低自己,你很有能力。

ˈdo for
PHRASAL VB  T  BRITISH 
1 informal   to make it impossible for someone to succeed or continue living 击败;杀死

It was the flu that did for her in the end. 是流感最后夺去了她的生命。

2 old-fashioned   to regularly clean someone else’ s house and cook for them 定期为…料理家务

Mrs Bradley used to come in twice a week to do for us. 布拉德利夫人过去每周来两次,替我们料理家务。

-   be done for
1 informal   if something is done for , it is in such bad condition or so badly damaged that it cannot be used 破损不堪的;坏了的

We’ re going to have to buy a new photocopier – this one’ s done for. 我们得买台新复印机,这一台已经坏了。

2 informal   to be likely to be punished, hurt , or killed 可能受到惩罚的;可能受伤的;可能被杀的

If the guards see us, we’ re done for. 要是卫兵看见我们,我们会没命的。

3 to be so tired that you cannot continue 精疲力竭的

I’ m afraid Oates is pretty well done for – he can’ t walk any further. 恐怕奥茨已经精疲力竭了,他一步也走不动了。

ˌdo ˈin
PHRASAL VB  T 
1 informal   to murder someone 谋杀;干掉;杀死

I reckon someone did her in to get her money. 我认为是有人为了抢她的钱把她杀了。

2 usually passive spoken   to make someone feel very tired 使筋疲力尽

I’ m completely done in after all that running around. 四处跑来跑去,累死我了。

It was climbing that last hill that really did them in. 爬最后那座山才真正把他们累垮了。

ˌdo ˈout
PHRASAL VB  T  BRITISH 
1 informal   to make a room , cupboard , or drawer thoroughly tidy and clean 打扫;整理

While I’ m down here, I’ ll do out these cupboards. 我来这里的时候会整理这些碗橱。

2 to decorate a room 装饰

do sth out in sth They’ ve had their kitchen done out in light wood and blue tiles. 他们用浅色木材和蓝色瓷砖装修了厨房。

ˌdo ˈout of
PHRASAL VB  T  INFORMAL 
do sb out of sth: to stop someone from getting or having something that they should have , especially in a way that is unfair or dishonest 向…骗取;剥夺

That guy at the garage did me out of £50 last night. 汽车修理厂的那个家伙昨天晚上骗了我50英镑。

We’ ve got a letter from a war widow who claims she’ s been done out of her pension. 我们收到了一位阵亡军人遗孀的来信,她声称被剥夺了抚恤金。

ˌdo ˈover
PHRASAL VB  T  INFORMAL 
1 usually passive BRITISH  if your house has been done over , thieves have got into it and stolen things from it , usually causing damage 入室偷窃

As soon as I opened the door, I could see the place had been done over. 我一打开门就发现这个地方遭人洗劫了。

2 BRITISH  to attack someone and hit and kick them 痛打

He was done over by a gang of kids. 他遭到一帮年轻人的毒打。

3 MAINLY AMERICAN  to decorate a building or room again in a completely different way 重新装饰

Can we afford to have the house done over? 我们付得起重新装修房子的费用吗?

4 do sth over: AMERICAN  to do something again from the beginning , especially because you did it badly the first time (尤指由于第一次做得很差而)重做

OK, we’ ll do it over, but try to sing the right words this time. 好吧,我们重新开始,但这次要尽量把歌词唱对。

ˈdo to
PHRASAL VB  T 
1 do sth to sth: to make changes in something 改变;改动

What have you done to your hair? 你对你的头发做了什么处理?

They did something to the central heating and now it doesn’ t work. 他们对集中供暖系统做了些改动,现在它不能运转了。

2 do sth to sb: to treat someone in a way that harms them 恶劣地对待;虐待

I’ ll never forgive him for what he did to me. 他那样虐待我,我永远也不会原谅他。

They did terrible things to some of the prisoners. 他们残酷虐待一些囚犯。

3 do sth to sb: to affect someone in a way that makes them happy , sad , or excited 使高兴;使悲伤;使兴奋

When I hear that song, it always does something to me. 每当我听到那首歌时,心中总会泛起波澜。

ˌdo ˈup
PHRASAL VB
1  T  to fasten something 扎;扣;捆;系

Do up your shoelaces. 系上你的鞋带。

You don’ t need to do up the top button. 你不必扣最上面的纽扣。

1a  I  if clothes do up in a particular way , they fasten in that way (衣服)扣上,系上

The dress does up at the back. 这件连衣裙是在背后扣扣子的。

2  T  BRITISH  to repair , paint , and improve an old building , car , boat etc 维修;漆;装修;修缮

It’ s a lovely cottage, but it needs doing up a bit. 那是一栋可爱的小屋,但需要重新装修一下。

We spent our weekends doing up a 1934 Rolls Royce. 我们用几个周末的时间修理了一辆1934年产的劳斯莱斯汽车。

3  T  BRITISH  to wrap something in paper or cloth in an attractive way (用纸或布)包,裹

He held a small parcel done up in coloured paper and ribbon. 他拿着一个用彩纸和缎带包起来的小包裹。

4  T  usually passive to tie or arrange your hair in a particular way 扎(头发);梳(头发)

Her shiny dark hair was done up in a ponytail.

5  T  usually passive to dress someone in special clothes or put make-up on them 穿上;打扮

She had spent hours doing herself up for the party. 为了参加聚会她花了好几个小时打扮自己。

(all) done up Angie was done up in a silky black dress and fishnet stockings. 安吉穿着黑色的丝质连衣裙和网眼长袜。

ˈdo with
PHRASAL VB  T 
-   have (sth/anything) to do with
to be connected with someone or something
  与…有关/无关

Most of the articles have to do with America’ s role in the world since the end of the Cold War. 大多数文章是关于冷战后美国在世界上的作用的。

Was the dispute anything to do with safety regulations? 这场争论与安全规定有关吗?

-   be/have nothing to do with sb
1 used for saying that someone or something is not connected with or involved in a particular fact or situation 与某人无关

I’ m quite sure Nancy’ s resignation has nothing to do with her health. 我确信南希的辞职与她的健康状况无关。

Reynolds has always claimed that he had nothing to do with her disappearance. 雷诺兹一直声称他与她的失踪无关。

2 used for saying that something is personal and private and there is no reason for anyone else to know about it 不关某人的事

What I do in my own time has nothing to do with you. 我在私人时间里做什么不干你的事。

-   could do with sth spoken
used for saying that you want or need something
  想要某物;需要某物

I could do with a nice cup of tea right now. 我现在想要喝杯好茶。

I’ m sure James could do with some help. 我敢肯定詹姆斯需要一些帮助。

-   what sb does with sth
1 used for asking what arrangements someone makes for something (用于询问)某人如何处理某事

What do you usually do with the cat when you’ re away? 你不在的时候通常是怎样安置那只猫的?

2 used for asking where someone puts something (用于询问)某人把某物放置在哪里

‘What have you done with my calculator?’ ‘I put it on your desk.’ “你把我的计算器放在哪里了?”“我把它放在你的桌子上了。”

3 used for asking how someone uses something (用于询问)某人怎样利用某物

What am I going to do with all this food if no one turns up? 如果没有人来,我该如何处理所有这些食品呢?

-   what sb does with themselves
used for asking how someone spends their time
  (用于询问)某人如何打发时间

What are you going to do with yourself during the school holidays? 学校放假时你打算怎样过?

He won’ t know what to do with himself while Julie is gone. 朱莉不在的时候他不知道如何打发时间。

-   what has sth (got) to do with...?
used for asking, often in an angry way , how two people or things are connected or why someone is interested in something
  (常用于生气地询问)某事与…有什么关系?

What have her personal problems got to do with my holiday plans? 她的个人问题跟我的度假计划有什么关系?

As a matter of fact I do have a boyfriend, but what’ s that got to do with you? 实际上我确实有男朋友,但那跟你有什么关系?

-   what is sb doing with sth? spoken
used for asking why someone has something
  (用于询问)某人为什么有某物

What are you doing with my CD player? I never said you could borrow it. 你为什么拿着我的CD播放机?我从没说过要借给你。

-   what sb is going to do with sb spoken
used for asking how you are going to make someone behave better
  (用于询问)某人要如何管教某人

I don’ t know what we’ re going to do with you, Tony. You’ re always in trouble. 我不知道我们该怎么说你,托尼。你总是有麻烦。

ˌdo withˈout
PHRASAL VB  I/T 
do without sb/sth: to succeed in living or working without someone or something 将就;设法对付过去;没有…也行

There’ s no more milk, so I guess we’ ll just have to do without. 没牛奶了,所以我想我们只好将就了。

Now that they have a regular income, they should be able to do without any help from us. 现在他们有了固定收入,没有我们的帮助应该也能应付得了。

You’ ll be gone for six days? I think we can do without you for that long. 你要去6天吗?我想我们这么长时间没有你也能过得去。

-   can/could do without sth spoken
used for saying that something is annoying you and causing problems for you
  (因受到滋扰而)希望没有某事

I could do without all these interruptions. 我希望没有这些干扰。

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更新时间:2025/3/11 3:00:58