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| VERB |
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| /bɜːn/ |
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| 1 | I if a fire or flame burns, it produces light and heat 燃烧；烧着 |
| A fire was burning in the hearth. 壁炉里面烧着火。 |
| The flames seemed to burn even brighter. 火焰似乎烧得更旺了。 |
| | 1a | I if something is burning , it is being destroyed or damaged by fire . You can also say that it is on fire 被烧毁;被烧坏 | | Homes were burning all over the village. 全村的房子都着了火。 | | The truck had been burning for some time. 卡车已经起火一段时间了。 | |
| | 1b | T to damage or destroy something with fire 烧毁；烧坏 | | Demonstrators burned flags outside the embassy. 示威者在大使馆外焚烧旗子。 | | burn a hole in sth The cigarette burnt a hole in her blouse. 香烟把她的罩衫烧了个洞。 | | burn sth to the ground (=completely destroy it by fire) The city of Tortona was burnt to the ground. 彻底烧毁某物 | |
| | 1c | T to use something such as petrol or coal to produce heat or energy 燃烧；以…为燃料 | | Jets burn less fuel the higher they go. 喷气式飞机飞得越高用的燃料就越少。 | | You’ re not allowed to burn coal in this area. 这个地区不准烧煤。 | |
| | 1d | T to injure or kill someone by setting fire to them 烧伤；烧死 | | According to early reports, many people were burnt to death in their beds. 根据早期的报告，许多人被烧死在床上。 | |
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| 2 | I/T if food burns, or if you burn it , it gets spoiled by being cooked for too long or at too high a temperature （使）（食物）烧焦;（使）烤煳 |
| Have you burnt the toast again? 你又把面包烤焦了？ |
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| 3 | T to injure someone or a part of your body with something hot 烫伤 |
| The sand was so hot it burnt my feet. 沙子非常热，烫伤了我的脚。 |
| | 3a | if your skin burns, or if the sun burns it , it becomes red and painful because of the heat from the sun 晒伤；晒黑 | | Wear a hat so you don’ t burn your neck. 戴上帽子，这样你才不会把脖子晒伤。 | |
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| 4 | I/T if a chemical burns something , it damages it by destroying the places it touches （化学品）烧，腐蚀 |
| The acid had burnt a hole in my sweater. 酸把我的毛线衫烧了个洞。 |
| | 4a | to produce an unpleasant stinging feeling on your skin （皮肤）有火辣感；扎痛；烫痛 | | The antiseptic really burned when I rubbed it on. 我把抗菌剂涂在皮肤上时确实有灼热感。 | |
| | 4b | if alcohol or spicy food burns, it produces an unpleasant stinging feeling in your mouth and throat （酒或辛辣食品）（使）有辛辣感，（使）有火辣感 | |
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| 5 | I to feel a very strong emotion or a great need for someone or something 充满强烈感情；渴望 |
| +with I was burning with curiosity, but didn’ t dare ask what happened. 我非常好奇，但不敢问发生了什么事。 |
| burn to do sth I was burning to know how he had got on in New York. 我非常渴望知道他在纽约进展如何。 |
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| 6 | I if your cheeks are burning , they are red , especially because you are embarrassed （尤指由于尴尬而）脸红 |
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| 7 | I if a light is burning , it is switched on （灯）开着，发亮 |
| Sara left all the lights burning. 萨拉让所有的灯都开着。 |
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| 8 | T to use fat or energy in your body 消耗（脂肪或能量） |
| To change your body shape you need to burn calories. 要改变你的体形，你需要消耗热量。 |
| fat-burning exercises 消耗脂肪的运动 |
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| 9 | I +along/down/through etc informal if a vehicle burns somewhere , it goes there very fast （车）高速行驶 |
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| 10 | T technical if you burn a CD-ROM, you put information onto it 刻录（光盘） |
| PHRASES |
| - | be/get burned
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| 1 | to suffer by being treated badly , especially in a relationship （尤指恋爱关系中）遭虐待 |
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| 2 | to suffer by losing money , especially in an unsuccessful business deal （尤指在不成功的交易中）亏损，赔钱 | musicians who were burned by greedy record companies 因贪婪的唱片公司而损失惨重的音乐家 | |
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| - | be burning a hole in your pocket
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| if money is burning a hole in your pocket , you want to spend it immediately |
| （钱）在口袋留不住，想立刻花掉 |
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| - | burn your boats/bridges
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| to do something that makes it impossible for you to return to the situation you were in before |
| 破釜沉舟；自断退路 |
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| - | burn the candle at both ends
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| to work too hard as well as trying to do other things, so that you do not get enough sleep because you go to bed late and get up early |
| 过分劳累；起早贪黑地工作 |
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| - | burn your fingers
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| to have a bad experience when something such as a relationship or a business deal goes wrong |
| （由于关系或商业交易出问题等）吃苦头，亏本 |
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| They got their fingers burnt and lost a lot of money. 他们吃了苦头，损失了很多钱。 |
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| - | burn the midnight oil
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| to work until very late at night |
| 工作到深夜；开夜车 |
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| - | burn rubber mainly AMERICAN spoken
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| to drive a car very fast |
| 开快车 |
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| PHRASAL VERBS |
| - | ˌburn aˈway |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | to remove something , or to be removed , by burning （被）烧掉；（被）烧去 | They use lasers to burn away the cancerous cells. 他们用激光杀死癌细胞。 | | The paraffin finally burned away. 石蜡终于烧掉了。 | |
| - | ˌburn ˈdown |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | I/T to destroy a building or something large with fire , or be destroyed in this way 烧毁 | The entire house burnt down in 20 minutes. 整座房子20分钟就烧毁了。 | | There are laws against burning down forests. 有法律禁止烧毁森林。 | |
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| 2 | I if a fire or flame burns down , it becomes smaller and less hot （火势）减弱 | The fire in the grate gradually burnt down. 壁炉的火逐渐减弱。 | |
| - | ˌburn ˈoff |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | to remove something by burning it 烧除；烧掉 | They managed to burn off the excess wax. 他们设法烧掉了多余的蜡。 | |
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| 2 | burn off to use up energy or get rid of fat from your body by doing physical activity 消耗（能量或脂肪） | Swimming can help you burn off those unwanted calories. 游泳可以帮助你消耗掉多余的卡路里。 | |
| - | ˌburn ˈout |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | I/T if a fire burns out , or if it burns itself out , it stops burning （火）熄灭 |
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| 2 | T usually passive to completely destroy the inside of something such as a vehicle or building 烧空（车辆或建筑物的内部） | an empty house that had been burned out by kids 被孩子们烧空了的房子 | |
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| 3 | T to burn someone’ s home so that they have to leave it 烧掉…的家 |
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| 4 | I/T if a piece of electrical equipment burns out , or if it is burned out , it gets too hot and stops working （电器因过热而）烧坏 |
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| 5 | I/T if a strong feeling burns out , or if it burns itself out , you stop feeling it （使）（强烈感情）消失 | His rage had been intense, but it had burned itself out. 他勃然大怒，但后来自己就消气了。 | |
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| 6 | I/T if you burn out , or if you burn yourself out , you make yourself ill or unable to continue working because you have worked too hard （使）精疲力竭；（使）累垮 |
| - | ˌburn ˈup |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | I/T if something burns up , or if it is burned up , fire completely destroys it 烧毁；烧尽 | The spacecraft has a heat shield to prevent it burning up when it re-enters the Earth’ s atmosphere. 宇宙飞船有隔热层，能防止其在重返地球大气层时被烧毁。 | |
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| 2 | T burn off 2 | Dancers burn up a lot of calories. 舞蹈演员消耗大量的卡路里。 | |
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| 3 | T if a machine or vehicle burns up fuel , it uses the fuel to work （机器或车辆）烧掉，耗掉（燃料） |
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| 4 | I if someone is burning up , they are very hot , especially because they have a fever (人)觉得很热；（尤指）发烧 |
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