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| VERB |
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| /wɜːk/ |
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| 1 | I to spend time trying to achieve something , especially when this involves using a lot of effort 工作；劳动；干活儿 |
| I’ ve been working in the garden all day. 我一整天都在花园里干活儿。 |
| +on Our thanks go to everybody who has worked on this project. 我们感谢所有参加过这个项目的人。 |
| work to do sth He worked tirelessly to improve safety conditions in the mines. 为了改善矿井的安全条件，他不知疲倦地工作着。 |
| | 1a | T to make someone work 使工作；使劳动；使干活儿 | | She always works us too hard. 她总是强迫我们拼命地干活儿。 | |
| | 1b | I to produce a picture or create an object using a particular type of substance （用某种材料）画画，创作 | | +in/with He works in oils and acrylics, painting mostly landscapes. 他用油画颜料和丙烯酸作画，画的大多数是风景。 | |
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| 2 | I to have a job , usually one that you are paid to do 从事工作 |
| Dominic works part-time. 多米尼克做兼职工作。 |
| +in I hope to work in computers when I’ m older. 我希望年纪再大一点时从事计算机工作。 |
| +as She worked as a journalist. 她是一位记者。 |
| +with All our nursery nurses are qualified to work with children. 我们所有的保育员都能胜任照料孩子的工作。 |
| +for She works for a big law firm in the city. 她在城里的一家大律师事务所工作。 |
| | 2a | T if you work a particular area or type of place , you go to that area or to those places as part of your job , for example to try and sell things or to perform there 在（某地）工作（如推销或演出） | | He worked the clubs long before TV made him famous. 早在电视使他成名之前，他在俱乐部工作。 | |
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| 3 | I to operate in a satisfactory way 运转顺利；进行顺利 |
| The new telephone system seems to be working perfectly. 新电话系统看来运行畅通。 |
| This pen doesn’ t work. 这支笔写不出字了。 |
| My brain’ s not working very well today. 我的脑子今天不好使。 |
| | 3a | T to operate something such as a machine or piece of equipment 操作（机器、设备等） | | Idon’ t know how to work this thing. 我不知道如何操作这东西。 | |
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| 4 | I to succeed 成功 |
| If this plan doesn’ t work, we’ ll think of something else. 如果这个计划行不通，我们再想想别的办法。 |
| The strategy seems to be working. 这个策略似乎在起作用。 |
| | 4a | to have a particular effect or result 起作用；有效 | | The drug works by blocking the spread of the virus. 这种药通过阻止病毒的扩散来产生效果。 | | Her dazzling performance worked its magic on the audience (=had a good effect on them) . 她那令人眼花缭乱的表演在观众中产生了良好的反响。 | | work for/against sb (=have a good/bad result) Criticizing your former employer works against you in an interview. 对某人有利/不利 | | work in sb’ s favour/work to sb’ s advantage (=be an advantage to someone) The exchange rate is currently working in the company’ s favour. 对某人有利 | |
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| 5 | I to move gradually from one position to another 逐渐移动 |
| The strap of one of her sandals had worked itself loose. 她一只凉鞋的带子已经逐渐松了。 |
| | 5a | T to put something into a different position or state 使处于不同的位置；使处于不同的状态 | | She managed to work one hand free. 她设法腾出一只手来。 | | work yourself into sth He was slowly working himself into a panic. 他渐渐地恐慌起来。 | |
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| 6 | T to shape a substance such as metal in a particular way , especially using tools （尤指使用工具）使（金属等）成形 |
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| 7 | T if someone works a mine or a quarry , they dig substances such as gold or stone out of it 开（矿）；开采（矿石） |
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| 8 | T to prepare land and grow crops on it 耕种 |
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| 9 | T AMERICAN to solve a problem in mathematics by doing a calculation 计算；算出 |
| PHRASES |
| - | work both ways
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| if something such as a particular situation or type of behaviour works both ways, it has equal advantages and disadvantages for everyone it involves |
| 利弊相当 |
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| We are expected to be very flexible, but that should work both ways. 我们需要非常灵活，但那样有利也有弊。 |
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| - | work for sb spoken
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| used for saying that you agree with a plan or like a particular idea |
| 某人认为计划可行；某人觉得主意不错 |
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| ‘If you don’ t mind driving, I can read the map.’ ‘That works for me.’ “如果你不介意开车的话，我可以看着地图。”“好的。” |
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| - | work it informal
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| to arrange for something to happen |
| 安排好；做好；完成 |
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| I’ ll try and work it so we can leave early today. 我会尽力安排好，这样我们今天就可以早点走了。 |
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| - | work like magic
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| to be very successful or have exactly the effect you want |
| 非常成功；达到预期的效果 |
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| - | work the system
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| to do or get what you want despite the rules that make it difficult |
| 利用制度（做成想做的事或得到想要的东西） |
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| Government workers know how easy it is to work the system. 政府部门的职员知道利用制度是一件多么容易的事。 |
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| - | work a treat BRITISH informal
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| to be successful or operate successfully |
| 取得成功；成功地运行 |
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| - | work wonders
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| to produce an extremely good result , often so good that it is surprising |
| 创造奇迹；产生惊人的作用 |
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| Along hot shower worked wonders on my tired muscles. 洗个长时间的热水澡对我疲惫的肌肉很有好处。 |
| Jessie has worked wonders with some of these kids. 杰西在其中的一些孩子身上创造了奇迹。 |
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| - | work your fingers to the bone
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| to work very hard , especially doing something that involves a lot of physical effort |
| 拼命地工作，拼命地干活儿（尤指体力活儿） |
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| - | work your butt off informal
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| to work your socks off |
| 拼命地工作；竭力争取 |
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| - | work your socks off BRITISH informal
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| to work very hard to achieve something |
| 拼命地工作；竭力争取 |
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| - | work your way
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| if you work your way somewhere , you travel there slowly and with difficulty |
| 缓慢而费力地行进 |
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| - | work your way through college/university
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| to have a job when you are at college/university in order to help pay for your studies |
| （为支付学费而）边上大学边打工 |
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| PHRASAL VERBS |
| - | ˈwork at |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | work at sth: to try hard to develop or improve something 致力于；在…上下功夫 | If she works at improving her game, she could be a champion. 如果她下功夫提高技艺，她可能成为冠军。 | | work at it Successful relationships don’ t just happen. You have to work at them. 良好的人际关系不会自己形成，你得下功夫。 | |
| - | ˌwork ˈin or ˌwork ˈinto |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | to add one thing or idea to another , or include one thing or idea in another 把…加入；把…考虑进去 | If you can work in the word ‘objective’ , that would be good. 如果你能把objective这个词加上去，那样就好了。 | | work sth into sth They work a lot of Brazilian sounds and rhythms into their music. 他们把许多巴西音乐的曲调和节奏揉入到自己的音乐中去。 | |
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| 2 | to mix one substance completely into another one , usually using your hands （通常用手）将…掺入 |
| - | ˌwork ˈoff |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | to pay someone what you owe them by doing a job for them instead of giving them money 以工作抵偿（债务） | They were forced to work off their debts. 他们被迫做工以抵偿债务。 | |
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| 2 | if you work off something such as a feeling or some of your weight , you get rid of it by doing something that involves a lot of physical activity （通过体力活动）发泄（情绪），减轻（体重） | She generally works off her anger by going for a run. 她常常靠跑步来发泄怒气。 | |
| - | ˈwork on |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | work on sth: to spend time producing or improving something 从事；致力于 | He’ ll have to work on getting fit before the game. 比赛前他必须努力保持身体健康。 | | | 1a | used for saying that you are dealing with something 我正在处理此事 | | Don’ t worry about that, I’ m working on it. 别担心，我正在处理这件事。 | | |
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| 2 | work on sb: to try to influence someone 试图影响；努力说服 | We’ ll have to work on Joey to find out what’ s going on. 我们必须努力从乔伊那里弄清楚发生了什么事。 | |
| - | ˌwork ˈout |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | T to solve a problem by doing a calculation 计算；算出 | Iwas born in 1947: you work out my age. 我出生于1947年，你算一下我的年龄。 | | | 1a | to solve a problem by considering the facts 想出（解决的办法） | | Ican’ t work out what to do. 我想不出该怎么办。 | | | | 1b | to deal with a problem in a satisfactory way （满意地）解决问题 | | We’ ve worked out our differences. 我们已经消除了我们之间的分歧。 | | |
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| 2 | I to be successful or to end in a particular way 成功；产生结果 | If it doesn’ t work out, you can always come back here. 如果那样不行，你可以随时回到这里。 | | Things worked out pretty well in the end. 最后事情相当成功。 | |
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| 3 | T to find a satisfactory way of doing something 找到，制订出（满意的方法） | An international peace plan has been worked out. 一项国际和平方案已经被制订出来。 | | | 3a | to decide or agree on something 决定；同意 | | The exact details of the event haven’ t been worked out yet. 活动的具体细节还没定下来。 | | We haven’ t worked out a date for the meeting. 我们还没有确定会议的日期。 | | |
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| 4 | I to add up to a particular amount 总计 | The mortgage works out at about £360 a month. 抵押借款每月约合360英镑。 | | | 4a | used for saying what the actual cost or value of something is when you calculate it 算下来（实际费用为）；算下来（实际价值是） | | Taking the train works out more expensive than going by car. 坐火车的实际费用算下来要比开汽车去高。 | | |
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| 5 | I to do physical exercise as a way of keeping fit 锻炼；健身 | He works out at the local gym every day. 他每天去当地的健身房锻炼身体。 | |
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| 6 | T to understand someone or something 理解；弄懂 | Ican’ t work him out. 我无法理解他。 | |
| - | ˌwork ˈover |
| PHRASAL VB INFORMAL |
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| | work sb over: to injure someone severely by hitting them 殴打 |
| - | ˈwork through |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | to deal with something such as a problem or a strong feeling by thinking and talking about it （通过思考和交谈来）解决，处理（问题或感情等） | He needs to work through some of the guilt he’ s feeling. 他需要消解心中的一些内疚感。 | |
| - | ˌwork ˈup |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | to develop a particular feeling 激发；激起 | We went for a long walk to work up an appetite. 我们散了很长时间的步来激起食欲。 | | Ijust can’ t work up any enthusiasm for this trip. 对这次旅行我就是产生不了丝毫热情。 | | | 1a | to make yourself feel upset , excited , or nervous 让自己心烦意乱；让自己激动；让自己紧张不安 | | The kids had worked themselves up to a fever pitch of excitement. 这些孩子到了异常激动的地步。 | | |
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| 2 | MAINLY AMERICAN to develop something 发展出 | I’ d like you to work up the next set of guidelines. 我希望你能制订出下一套指导方针。 | |
| - | ˌwork ˈup to |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | to prepare yourself to do something difficult or to try to prepare someone for bad news （使自己或他人）准备面对 | Are you working up to telling me that you can’ t pay? 你是不是准备告诉我你付不起钱？ | |
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| 2 | to develop or increase and reach a particular level 发展到；达到 | The plane’ s engines were working up to take-off power. 飞机的发动机正达到起飞的马力。 | |
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