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| VERB |
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| /pleɪ/ |
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| 1 | I/T to take part in a sport or game 参加（体育运动或比赛） |
| The children were playing football in the park. 孩子们正在公园里踢足球。 |
| Shall we play cards or chess? 我们是打牌呢还是下棋？ |
| He played well, though his team lost. 他打得很好，不过他们队输了。 |
| +for He played for AC Milan before he was transferred to Arsenal. 他转会到阿森纳以前效力于AC米兰队。 |
| | 1a | I/T to compete against someone in a sport or game （在体育运动或比赛中）迎战，（与…）交锋 | | She plays the winner of tomorrow’ s match. 她将同明天比赛的胜者进行比赛。 | | Bayern Munich will play Real Madrid tomorrow evening. 明天晚上拜仁慕尼黑队将迎战皇家马德里队。 | | +against England will be playing against Brazil in the next round. 下一轮比赛中英格兰队将迎战巴西队。 | |
| | 1b | T to use a particular person in your team 让（某个队员）上场 | | They decided not to play Beckham because of his knee injury. 因为贝克汉姆膝盖受伤，他们决定不让他上场。 | |
| | 1c | I/T to have a particular position in a sports team （在运动队中）打（特定位置），司职… | | She plays in defence. 她担任后卫。 | |
| | 1d | T to hit or kick a ball 击，踢（球） | | The ball was going out so he was right not to play it. 球要出界了，所以他没去踢是对的。 | |
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| 2 | I/T to perform music , or to use an instrument to make music 演奏，弹奏（音乐） |
| He played several organ pieces by Bach. 他演奏了几首巴赫的管风琴曲。 |
| Gloria plays the violin in the London Philharmonic. 格洛丽亚在伦敦爱乐乐团拉小提琴。 |
| The orchestra played beautifully tonight. 今天晚上这个乐队演奏的乐曲非常优美动听。 |
| | 2a | to make something such as a radio , CD etc start to produce sounds, or to be made to do this 播放（广播、激光唱盘等）；放音 | | They played the CD at full volume. 他们播放这张激光唱盘时把音量开到了最大。 | | A tape was played in court in which he confessed to the crime. 他承认罪行的录音磁带被当庭播放。 | | I could hear a radio playing in the flat above. 我能听到楼上的公寓播放收音机的声音。 | |
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| 3 | T to have a particular part in a play or film 扮演，饰演（角色） |
| She had played Blanche in A Streetcar Named Desire. 她曾在《欲望号街车》中扮演布兰奇。 |
| The role of the mother was played by one of Australia’ s finest actresses. 那个母亲的角色由澳大利亚最出色的女演员之一扮演。 |
| | 3a | I to act in a particular play （在某部戏剧中）演出 | | I was asked to play in a new version of Shakespeare’ s Macbeth. 有人请我去参加新版莎士比亚剧《麦克白》的演出。 | |
| | 3b | I if a play or film is playing somewhere , it is being performed or shown there （戏剧或电影）上演，上映 | | What’ s playing at the local cinema? 本地电影院在放什么电影？ | |
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| 4 | I/T if children play or play something , they do things they enjoy , for example using toys and taking part in games （儿童）玩，玩耍 |
| The children were out playing in the garden. 孩子们正在外面花园里玩耍。 |
| Molly and Lilly were playing happily together. 莫莉和莉莉正高高兴兴地在一块玩耍。 |
| play by yourself (=when you are alone) Tom’ s very good at playing by himself. 独处；自得其乐 |
| +with She watched some children playing with a ball in the street. 她看着一些小孩在街上玩球。 |
| | 4a | T to pretend to be someone else while playing （游戏时）假扮，装扮成 | | Let’ s play doctors and nurses. 我们来假扮医生和护士吧。 | |
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| 5 | I mainly literary if something such as light plays somewhere , it moves quickly over a surface , appearing in different places for a very short time （光线等在表面）轻快地移动，摇曳，闪动 |
| Moonlight played on the surface of the lake. 月光在湖面上摇曳。 |
| PHRASES |
| - | (if you) play your cards right informal
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| used for saying that if someone behaves in the right way , they might be successful |
| （如果你）出对了牌的话，处理得当的话 |
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| If you play your cards right, he might ask you back to his house. 如果你应对得当的话，他可能会叫你回到他的房子里去。 |
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| - | playball (with sb) informal
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| to do something , often something dishonest , that someone wants you to do |
| （与某人）合作（常指做不诚实的事情）；（与某人）同流合污 |
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| Because he refused to play ball with these criminals, he was shot and seriously wounded. 因为拒绝与这些犯罪分子同流合污，他遭到枪击，身受重伤。 |
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| - | play (sth) by ear
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| to perform a piece of music by remembering what it sounds like , without looking at the notes |
| 不看乐谱弹奏（某支乐曲） |
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| - | playfast and loose with old-fashioned
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| to treat someone or something in a careless way |
| 轻率地对待 |
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| He had played fast and loose with her feelings. 他曾轻率地对待过她的感情。 |
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| - | play the field informal
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| to have several sexual relationships before you choose a permanent partner |
| （在选择终身伴侣之前）滥交 |
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| - | play for time
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| to deliberately delay doing something or do it more slowly than usual so that you have more time to decide what to do |
| （为争取时间）故意拖延 |
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| - | playgames
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| to behave in a silly way by not saying what you really think or by not being serious enough |
| 闹着玩；不认真对待 |
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| Stop playing games and tell him what you really feel. 别再闹着玩了，把你真实的感受告诉他。 |
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| - | play God
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| if someone plays God , they use their power or authority to make important decisions that you think a person should not make , especially decisions about whether people live or die |
| 充当上帝（指利用权力作不应该作的决定，尤指事关他人生死的决定） |
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| - | playhard to get informal
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| to pretend not to be interested in someone who you think is sexually attractive in order to make them more interested in you |
| 对（自己感兴趣的异性）欲擒故纵 |
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| - | play the idiot/fool/innocent
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| to pretend that you do not understand something |
| 装傻/故作天真 |
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| - | play it by ear
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| to decide what to do as a situation develops rather than planning what you will do before you start |
| 随机应变；见机行事 |
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| - | play it cool informal
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| to behave calmly and not show that you are worried about something |
| 装出一付冷静的样子；故作镇定 |
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| - | play (it) safe
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| to avoid taking any risks |
| 稳扎稳打；避免冒险 |
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| It’ s probably OK to eat them raw, but it’ s best to play it safe by cooking them. 很可能可以生吃，但是为了保险起见，最好还是煮着吃。 |
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| - | play a joke/trick on sb
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| to do something to someone that you think is funny because it makes them look silly or feel embarrassed |
| 开某人的玩笑；愚弄某人 |
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| - | play a part/role in sth
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| to be involved in something , especially in a way that is important |
| 在某物中起（尤指重要）作用 |
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| Her father had never played a big part in her life. 她的父亲从未在她的生活中起过什么重要作用。 |
| She played a key role in campaigning for equal opportunities in the workplace. 她在争取工作场所机会均等的运动中起到了关键作用。 |
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| - | play (right/straight) into sb’ s hands
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| to do something that helps someone you are competing against |
| 做对（对手）有利的事；正中某人的下怀 |
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| You’ ll be playing straight into their hands if you involve the police. 你如果叫警察来的话，就正中他们的下怀。 |
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| - | play the (stock) market
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| to invest in stocks or shares because you want to make money |
| 炒股 |
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| - | play the system
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| to know how to use the rules of a system in order to get an advantage for yourself |
| 利用制度为自己谋利；钻制度的空子 |
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| - | playing with fire
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| doing something dangerous or risky that could cause lots of problems for you |
| 玩火的；冒大风险的 |
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| PHRASAL VERBS |
| - | ˌplay aˈbout or ˌplay aˈround |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | to behave in a silly way , especially when you should be doing something else （尤指本该做其他事情时）胡闹，瞎搞 | Stop playing about and get on with doing your homework. 别再胡闹了，做你的家庭作业去。 | |
| - | ˌplay aˈlong |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | to pretend to agree with someone or something , especially in order to get what you want or avoid an argument （尤指为了得到自己想要的东西或避免争论而）假装同意 | +with Just play along with what he wants. It’ s easier. 姑且假装同意给他想要的东西。这样容易一些。 | |
| - | ˌplay aˈround |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | informal If someone who is married or has a partner plays around they have sexual relationships with other people 搞不正当性关系；乱搞 | +with He had played around with other women. 他和其他女人有过不正当的性关系。 | |
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| 2 | to think about all the different possible ways of doing something before you make a decision （作决定之前）考虑所有可能的方法，前思后想 | +with They played around with lots of different schemes before opting for this one. 选择这个方案之前，他们考虑了许多不同的方案。 | |
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| 3 | play about | The kids played around in the pool. 孩子们在水塘里嬉戏。 | |
| - | ˈplay at |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | to do something without being very serious about it 儿戏似地做；把…不当一回事 | I think she’ s just playing at running a business. 我觉得她根本就不把做生意当回事儿。 | |
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| 2 | if children play at something , they pretend to be someone else or to be involved in a particular type of situation （儿童）假扮，玩…游戏 | A child playing at shopping, for example, will display early maths skills. 比如，一个玩购物游戏的小孩就会展露其最初的数学计算技能。 | |
| | - | what is he/she playing at?
| | used when you think that someone is behaving in a stupid or dishonest way | | 他/她在玩什么花样？ | | | | What does he think he’ s playing at, making the children lie for him? 他以为他在玩什么花样，让孩子们为他去撒谎吗？ | | | |
| - | ˌplay ˈback |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | to play a message or video that has been recorded in order to listen to or watch it 回放（留言或录像） | Play back the phone message. 回放一下电话留言。 | |
| - | ˌplay ˈdown |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | to try to make a problem or difficult situation seem less important than it is 淡化；降低…的重要性 | At first the government played down the threat to public health. 起初政府试图将对公众健康的威胁轻描淡写。 | |
| - | ˌplay ˈoff aˌgainst |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | play sb off against sb: if you play two people off against each other , you try to cause an argument between them because you think that this will give you more power or control in a situation （为渔利而）挑拨离间，使相互争斗 |
| - | ˈplay ˌon |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | play on sth: to use a situation or emotions such as fear or worry in order to get what you want 利用…获取自己想要的东西 | She plays on the fact that people feel sorry for her. 她利用了人们对她的同情。 | |
| - | ˌplay ˈout |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | I/T to develop or end in a particular way 以…方式发展；以…结局 | They disagreed violently, and no one knew how the situation would play out. 他们的分歧十分严重，没有人知道事态会如何发展。 | |
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| 2 | T always passive if an event or situation is played out in a particular way , it happens in that way 进行；发生 | His career as a writer was played out against a background of alcoholism. 酗酒一直伴随着他的写作生涯。 | |
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| 3 | T if you play out a situation , you pretend that it is really happening 装出…真的发生的样子 | Children often play out quite violent scenes. 孩子们经常扮演出一些相当暴力的场面。 | |
| - | ˌplay ˈup |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | I/T play sb up: BRITISH if children play up or play someone up , they behave badly in a way that they think is funny （儿童）调皮捣蛋，给（某人）添乱 | I’ m exhausted! The children have been really playing up this afternoon. 我累死了！孩子们这个下午都在捣蛋。 | |
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| 2 | T to try to persuade people to believe that something is more important than it is 夸大…的重要性；极力渲染 | The newspapers have really played up the government’ s poor election results. 报纸真的是夸大了政府糟糕的选举结果。 | |
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| 3 | I/T play sb up: to cause difficulties or pain for someone 给（某人）制造麻烦；使（某人）痛苦 | The printer’ s playing up again. 打印机又出问题了。 | | My back’ s been playing me up all day. 背痛折磨了我一整天。 | |
| - | ˌplay ˈup to |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | play up to sb: to behave in a very friendly or polite way to someone because you want them to like you or do something for you 取悦；讨好 | He took great pains to play up to Joan’ s mother. 他费了好大的心力去取悦琼的母亲。 | |
| - | ˈplay with |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | to keep touching something , especially because you are bored （尤指无聊时）摆弄，拨弄 | Stop playing with your hair! 别再摆弄你的头发了！ | |
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| 2 | if you play with words or ideas, you use them in a clever and funny way 巧妙使用（词语或想法） |
| | - | play with yourself informal
| | to masturbate | | | | | | | |
| See also | | - child’ s play | | - fair play | | - dumb 1 1a | | - fiddle 2 | | - gallery | | - hardball | |
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