| |
|
| FUNCTION WORD |
| |
|
| /ˈəʊvə/ |
|
| |
| |
| 1 | above sb/sth
|
| | 1a | in a higher position above someone or something , without touching them 在…上方；在…上空；在…之上 | | Perry glanced at the clock over the door. 佩里朝门上方的钟瞥了一眼。 | | The Simpsons live in a flat over the shop. 辛普森一家住在商店楼上的一套公寓里。 | | We could see the Angolan flag flying over the governor’ s palace. 我们能看见安哥拉国旗在总督府上空飘扬。 | | She came and stood over him as he lay on the bed. 他躺在床上时她过来朝他俯下身来。 | |
| | 1b | moving across the space above someone or something （越）过…上方 | | Government troops fired a few shots over their heads. 政府军擦着他们的头顶朝天开了几枪。 | | Flocks of geese flew over, calling loudly. 一群群大雁高声鸣叫着从空中飞过。 | |
| |
| 2 | on sb/sth
|
| | 2a | on someone or something and covering them 覆盖在…上面 | | She put her hands over her ears. 她用双手捂住耳朵。 | | Carlson replaced the blanket over the dead man. 卡尔森把毯子重新盖在了死者身上。 | | The roads were already covered over with a few feet of snow. 这些路已被几英尺深的雪覆盖了。 | | all over She spilled coffee all over my new dress. 她把咖啡泼得我新裙子上到处都是。 | |
| | 2b | to deliberately hit the top of someone’ s head with an object （用某物）击某人的头部 | | She hit him over the head with a champagne bottle. 她用香槟酒瓶打了他的脑袋。 | |
| |
| 3 | from one side of sth to the other
|
| | 3a | going or looking across from one side of something to the other 从…的一边至另一边 | | Several bridges over the River Danube were destroyed. 多瑙河上的几座桥被摧毁了。 | | I crossed over to the other side of the street. 我走到街对面。 | | From your window there is a magnificent view over the gardens. 从你的窗口看得到整个公园的美丽景色。 | |
| | 3b | crossing something high such as a wall or mountain （越）过（墙、山等） | | Three prisoners had escaped by climbing over a six-metre high fence. 3名囚犯爬过6米高的围栏逃走了。 | | a four-day journey over the Taurus mountains 翻越托罗斯山脉的4天旅行 | |
| |
| 4 | on the opposite side of sth
on the opposite side of an area , line , road , river etc 在…的对面；在…的另一边 |
| Sandra’ s brother lives just over the road from our house. 桑德拉的弟弟就住在我们家路对面。 |
| The airport was right over on the far side of Newcastle. 机场就在纽卡斯尔的另一头。 |
| |
| 5 | into the opposite position
|
| | 5a | from one lying position into another so that you face in a different direction 翻过身来 | | He turned over and went to sleep. 他翻过身睡着了。 | | Rolling over on my back, I looked up at the sky. 我翻过身来仰躺着，两眼望着天空。 | |
| | 5b | used for saying that something moves into a position in which the side that was facing down now faces up 翻转过来 | | He turned the card over and saw that it was the ace of spades. 他把牌翻过来，发现是张黑桃A。 | | The car skidded across the road and flipped over. 车子滑到路的另一边，翻倒了。 | |
| |
| 6 | in or to many parts of sth
|
| | 6a | in or to many different parts of an area 遍经；遍及；处处 | | The drought has spread over much of the southern US. 干旱已蔓延到美国南方的大部分地区。 | | Children were rushing around madly all over the place. 孩子们发疯似地到处乱跑。 | | all over The festival attracts music-lovers from all over the world. 该音乐节吸引着世界各地的音乐爱好者。 | |
| | 6b | visiting or looking at many different parts of something （参观或所见）全面地，详尽地 | | A senior manager showed us over the factory. 一位高级经理领我们参观了整个工厂。 | | Engineers are busy checking over the equipment. 工程师们正忙着对这套设备进行全面检查。 | |
| |
| 7 | towards the side
towards the side 到边上 |
| The main entrance is further over on the left. 大门在左手边过去一点。 |
| Pull over to the side of the road and let me drive. 把车停到路边，让我来开。 |
| The girl sitting next to me leaned over and whispered something in my ear. 坐在我旁边的女孩侧过身来在我耳边低声说了些什么。 |
| Would you move over and make room for me? 你能往旁边挪一下，让出点地方给我吗？ |
| |
| 8 | in or to a place
in or to a particular place , for example a town or someone’ s home 在那里，去那里（如镇上或某人家里） |
| Why don’ t you come over and have dinner with us sometime? 你为什么不找个时间过来和我们一起吃顿饭？ |
| I think the kids are over at Pam’ s place. 我想孩子们是在帕姆家里。 |
| Lawrence walked over to the window and looked out. 劳伦斯走到窗口往外望去。 |
| over here/there Helen was born in Australia, but she’ s been living over here for 11 years. 海伦出生在澳大利亚，但她已在这儿住了11年。 |
| |
| 9 | downwards
|
| | 9a | falling or bending down from an upright position （倒）下；（弯）下 | | I bent over to tie my shoe. 我弯下身去系紧鞋带。 | | I’ ve brought you a glass of milk. Mind you don’ t knock it over. 我给你拿了杯牛奶。当心别打翻了。 | | Carey fell over and broke his leg while playing ice hockey. 凯里打冰球时跌了一跤，摔断了腿。 | |
| | 9b | falling, hanging , or looking down from the edge of something 从…的边缘向下 | | Lava flowed over the rim of the volcano. 熔岩沿着火山口流下来。 | | Aileen was lying unconscious on the bed with her legs hanging over the side. 艾琳躺在床上人事不醒，双腿垂在床边。 | | I peered over the edge of the crater into the darkness below. 我从火山口边缘向下面的一片黑暗中张望。 | |
| |
| 10 | concerning a particular subject , problem etc
used for stating what people disagree about or what they feel worried , sad , happy etc about 关于；在…方面 |
| There are worries over the future of the steel industry. 人们对钢铁工业的未来感到担忧。 |
| We spent a whole hour arguing over the meaning of two words. 我们为两个词的意思争论了整整一个小时。 |
| |
| 11 | when sth has ended
|
| | 11a | used for saying that a particular event , situation , or period of time has ended 结束的；完了的 | | Moore’ s fourth marriage was over after only 18 months. 穆尔的第4次婚姻只持续了18个月就结束了。 | | be all over When the war began in August 1914, they said it would be all over by Christmas. 1914年8月战争爆发时他们说战争在圣诞节前就会全部结束。 | | over and done with (=completely dealt with) We’ re all so relieved that the trial is over and done with. 已完全了结 | |
| | 11b | if you are over an illness , a shock , or a bad experience it has ended and you are no longer affected by it 从（疾病、震惊或糟糕经历的影响下）恢复过来 | | Losing her brother was a terrible shock and she isn’ t over it yet. 失去弟弟对她来说是个可怕的打击，她至今还未恢复过来。 | | Malaria is a serious illness and you’ re not going to be over it in a couple of days. 疟疾是种严重的疾病，不可能在两三天内康复。 | | get over sth He’ ll soon get over his disappointment. 他很快就会摆脱失望情绪的。 | |
| |
| 12 | controlling or influencing sb/sth
used for stating who or what is controlled or influenced by someone or something （用于表示控制、影响）对 |
| Kitchener demanded total control over the army. 基奇纳要求对部队有绝对的控制权。 |
| The Church today has little influence over the way people lead their lives. 教会如今对人们的生活方式几乎没有什么影响。 |
| the period in which the Kaiser ruled over Germany 皇帝统治德国的时期 |
| |
| 13 | more than once
|
| | 13a | if you do something over , you do it again 再一次；重复地 | | We’ re going to scrap the whole plan and start over. 我们打算放弃整个计划，从头开始。 | |
| | 13b | many times 一再地；再三地 | | I read the report over and over, till I almost knew it by heart. 我反复地阅读这篇报告直到差不多把它背下来。 | | They keep asking the same questions over and over again. 他们一再地问一些相同的问题。 | |
| | 13c | doing something twice/three times etc 重复两次地/三次地等 | | enough nuclear weapons to destroy all life on Earth ten times over 足以将地球上的所有生命摧毁10次的核武器 | |
| | 13d | used for saying that you do the whole of something again starting from the beginning , or that the whole of a long process happens again 从头做起；再一次 | | If the teacher doesn’ t like your essay, you have to do it all over again. 如果老师不满意你的作文，你就得从头再写。 | |
| |
| 14 | when sth changes
changing from one thing to another （改）为；（换）过 |
| +to We went over to Internet banking because it saved time and money. 我们改用网上银行服务，因为它省时又省钱。 |
| change/switch/swap/go over In Sweden they switched over from driving on the left to driving on the right. 在瑞典他们从左侧行驶改为右侧行驶。 |
| You row and I’ ll sit in the back of the boat and steer – then later on we’ ll change over. 你划船，我坐在后面掌舵，一会儿我们再对换。 |
| |
| 15 | during
|
| | 15a | during a period of time 在…期间 | | Over the last few years we have seen a sudden increase in the number of cases of food poisoning. 在过去几年里食物中毒的病例突然增加了。 | | Most hotels are fully booked over the holiday weekend. 大部分的旅馆在节假日周末都订满了。 | |
| | 15b | while having a meal or a drink 在吃（或喝）…的时候 | | Over coffee our host told us a little about the history of the house. 喝咖啡时主人给我们讲了一些有关这所房子的历史。 | | We chatted over lunch. 我们边吃午饭边聊天。 | |
| |
| 16 | remaining
used when referring to the part of an amount that remains after some of it has been used 剩下；余下 |
| left over There was a lot of food left over after the party. 聚会后剩下了许多食物。 |
| |
| 17 | more than an amount or number
|
| | 17a | more than a particular amount , number , or age （在数量、年纪方面）超过，在…以上 | | Yeltsin was elected by a large majority with over 45 million votes. 叶利钦以超过4500万张选票的大多数票当选。 | | Over 50 per cent of the company’ s shares are owned by the government. 公司50%以上的股票为政府所持有。 | | and over The pension will be paid to people aged 65 and over. 养老金会发给65岁以上的老年人。 | |
| | 17b | in addition to the amount that exists 除（某一数量）以外（还） | | Diplomats receive a generous living allowance over and above their basic salaries. 除了基本工资外，外交官们还能得到一笔丰厚的生活津贴。 | | This £151 million is over and above the government’ s previous spending plans. 这151亿英镑不包括在政府先前的支出计划里。 | |
| |
| 18 | spoken used in radio conversations
used at the end of your turn in a radio conversation to show that you have finished speaking and the other person can speak 报文完，请回复（用于无线电通话） |
| PHRASE |
| - | over against
|
| used when you are comparing two things or ideas and emphasizing the difference |
| 与…形成对照 |
| |
| I was impressed by Leonard’ s confidence and certainty over against his brother’ s weakness and hesitation. 与他弟弟的软弱和优柔寡断形成对比的是，伦纳德自信又果断，给我留下了很深的印象。 |
| |
| |
|