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| VERB never progressive |
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| /nəʊ/ |
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| 1 | I/T to have learned or found out about something 知道；了解 |
| ‘Have they arrived yet?’ ‘I don’ t know.’ “他们到了吗？”“我不知道。” |
| If you don’ t know the answer, just guess. 要是你不知道答案，就猜猜看吧。 |
| How do you know my name? 你怎么知道我的名字？ |
| know (that) I knew she wasn’ t really happy. 我知道她并不是真的幸福。 |
| +what/where/how etc I don’ t know where the money’ s coming from. 我不知道这钱是从哪儿来的。 |
| +if I need to know if she’ s made a decision yet. 我需要知道她是否作了决定。 |
| know sth about sb/sth I don’ t know anything about it. 这件事我一无所知。 |
| know sth for sure/for certain/for a fact We know for a fact that the fire was started deliberately. 我们非常肯定这场火灾是人为的。 |
| know sth from experience We know from experience that unemployment makes the problem worse. 根据经验我们知道失业会使该问题恶化。 |
| | 1a | I/T to realize or understand something 意识到；懂得；明白；理解 | | None of us really knew what had gone wrong. 我们谁也没真正明白出了什么问题。 | |
| | 1b | T used about things that most people think or believe are true 普遍认为；皆知 | | The ancient city is known to have existed in the region. 人们普遍认为这个地区存在过那座古城。 | | know sb/sth to be sth The pilots were experienced and known to be very competent. 这些飞行员不仅经验丰富，而且其能力也是人所共知的。 | | know sb/sth to do sth Some drugs are known to cause damage to unborn children. 人们已经知道，有些药物会对胎儿造成伤害。 | |
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| 2 | T to be familiar with someone , because you have met them or because you are friends 熟识；认识 |
| Some of you may know Ivan already. 你们有些人可能已经认识伊凡了。 |
| I felt I hardly knew my father. 我觉得自己几乎不了解父亲。 |
| She had known Nancy for years. 她已经认识南希很多年了。 |
| | 2a | to be familiar with a place , because you have been there 熟悉（某地） | | Do you know Rome well? 你熟悉罗马吗？ | |
| | 2b | to be familiar with things such as books, music , or art 精通，熟悉（书、音乐或艺术等） | | Do you know Beethoven’ s Ninth Symphony? 你熟悉贝多芬的第九交响曲吗？ | |
| | 2c | to be familiar with a process or system 熟知（过程或系统） | | Do you know this program? 你熟悉这一程序吗？ | | You know the rules. 你知道规则的。 | |
| | 2d | to be able to speak a language 懂，会说（某种语言） | | Do you know any Spanish? 你会说西班牙语吗？ | |
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| 3 | T to use a particular name for someone or something 称呼；将…称为 |
| know sb/sth as sth The village was known as Garden Mill. 该村被称为米尔花园。 |
| know sb/sth by sth They know all their tutors by their first names. 他们直呼所有导师的名字。 |
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| 4 | T know sb as/for sth to remember or recognize someone because of a particular skill or quality they have 记住；认出 |
| He was best known as a painter. 他以画家的身份出名。 |
| She is known mostly for her love poetry. 她主要以她的爱情诗而闻名。 |
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| 5 | T to experience something 经历；体验 |
| It was the only comfort and warmth she had ever known. 这是她所得到过的唯一的安慰与温暖。 |
| have never known sb (to) do sth I’ ve never known her to make a joke. 我从没见过她开玩笑。 |
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| 6 | T to have learned a poem , story , or song , so that you can say it or sing it 学会（诗歌、故事或歌曲） |
| The tune’ s familiar but I don’ t know the words. 调子很熟悉，但我不知道歌词。 |
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| 7 | I/T to feel certain about something 确信；确知 |
| She knew it was Steven before she’ d picked up the phone. 她还没拿起电话就知道肯定是史蒂文打来的。 |
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| 8 | T to recognize something or someone 认出 |
| It was Henry: I would have known him anywhere. 是亨利，无论在哪里我都会认出他来。 |
| PHRASES |
| - | as we know it
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| used when you are talking about something that people are familiar with , especially something that is likely to change |
| 大家都知道（尤指可能发生改变的事物） |
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| This could mean the end of life as we know it. 大家都知道这可能意味着生命的结束。 |
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| - | as you know mainly spoken
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| used when you are saying something that someone already knows |
| 正如你知道的那样 |
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| As you know, we’ ve already accepted an offer from another company. 如你所知，我们已经接受了另一家公司的报价。 |
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| - | for all I know
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| used for emphasizing that you do not know something |
| （用于强调）说不定，谁知道呢 |
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| He could be a murderer for all I know. 说不定他是个杀人犯。 |
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| - | get to know
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| to start to be familiar with someone or something |
| 开始熟悉 |
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| It took a while to get to know the city properly. 要真正熟悉这座城市需要一段时间。 |
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| - | God/Goodness/Heaven knows mainly spoken
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| 1 | used for emphasis 天哪（用于强调） | God knows, it would be a disaster if that happened. 天哪，如果发生了那种事的话，那可真是场灾难。 | |
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| 2 | used for saying that you do not know something 天晓得；谁也不知道 | ‘Where on earth can they have got to?’ ‘Goodness knows.’ “他们到底上哪儿去了呢？”“天晓得。” | | What effect it will have, heaven only knows. 谁也不知道这会有什么效果。 | |
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| - | how should I know? spoken
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| used for saying in an annoyed way that you do not know something |
| 我怎么会知道？ |
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| How should I know what she thinks about it? 我怎么会知道她对这件事的看法呢？ |
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| - | I don’ t know
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| 1 | used for saying that you are not certain about something 我不清楚；我不确定 | +whether I don’ t know whether economic issues were discussed specifically. 我不清楚是否曾经专门讨论过经济问题。 | |
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| 2 | used for saying that you do not completely agree （表示并不完全同意）很难说，我不清楚 | ‘It’ ll be boring.’ ‘Oh I don’ t know, it might be fun.’ “这会很无聊的。”“哦，我说不准，也许很有趣呢。” | | +that I don’ t know that we need to discuss this. 很难说我们需要讨论这件事情。 | |
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| 3 | used when you are giving your opinion and want to find out what someone else thinks （用于在发言中想知道别人的看法时）我不知道…（反正我是） | I don’ t know about you, but I’ m starving. 我不知道你怎么样，反正我是饿坏了。 | |
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| 4 | used for criticizing someone 真不知…（用于批评某人） | +what/how/why etc I don’ t know what they were thinking of. 真不知他们在想什么。 | | I don’ t know how he could be so cruel. 真不知他怎么会这么残忍。 | |
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| - | if you must know spoken
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| used for answering someone in an annoyed way |
| 如果你一定要知道的话（用于生气地回答对方） |
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| He’ s not my boyfriend any more, if you must know. 他不再是我的男朋友了，如果你一定要知道的话。 |
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| - | I know
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| 1 | used for agreeing with what someone says 我知道；没错 | ‘He’ s a complete idiot.’ ‘ Yeah, I know.’ “他是个彻头彻尾的傻瓜。”“对，没错。” | |
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| 2 | used for showing that you know there is a problem , but you do not think it is important 我知道（有问题） | I know the plan is pretty rough, but you get the idea. 我知道这计划很粗略，但你明白其中的想法。 | |
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| 3 | used for showing that you understand someone and feel sympathy for them 我理解；我明白 | I know how hard this is for you. 我知道这对你来说有多难。 | |
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| 4 | used when you have a sudden idea 我有个主意 | I know, let’ s go to the cinema instead. 我有主意了，我们不如去看电影吧。 | |
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| - | know sth backwards/inside out
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| to be very familiar with something |
| 熟知某事；对某事知道得一清二楚 |
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| - | know best
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| used for saying whose opinion is most important |
| 最在行 |
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| When it comes to toys, your child knows best. 说到玩具，你的孩子最在行了。 |
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| - | know better
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| 1 | used for saying that someone should not make a mistake , because they are sensible or experienced 有头脑，明事理（而不至于犯错） | She should know better than to try to fool him. 她应该知道不该去骗他。 | |
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| 2 | to know that what someone else says or thinks is wrong 知道不是那么一回事 | Everyone thought it was an innocent mistake, but I knew better. 人人都以为那是个无意犯的错误，但我知道不是那么一回事。 | |
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| - | know your own mind
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| to be certain about what you like and what you want |
| 有自己的想法；清楚自己想要什么 |
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| - | know what’ s what spoken
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| to be very clever or experienced |
| 懂行；老练 |
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| - | let sb know
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| to tell someone something |
| 告诉某人 |
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| Let me know when he arrives. 他到的时候告诉我一声。 |
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| - | not know whether you are coming or going spoken
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| to feel very confused , for example because you are very busy |
| （因繁忙等而）感到十分慌乱 |
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| - | not want to know informal
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| to refuse to listen to someone or get involved in something |
| 不愿听；不愿参与 |
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| We asked several of them to help, but they didn’ t want to know. 我们叫他们中一些人来帮忙，但他们不愿意。 |
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| - | what do you know spoken
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| used for showing that you are surprised |
| 你知道吗；真想不到 |
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| - | you don’ t know spoken
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| used for emphasizing what you are going to say next |
| 你不知道（用于强调接下来要说的话） |
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| You don’ t know how happy this makes me! 你不知道这让我有多高兴！ |
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| - | you know spoken
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| 1 | used for emphasis 你不知道（用于强调） | Things are different now, you know. 你知道，现在情况不同了。 | |
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| 2 | informal used while you think about what to say next 你知道（用在考虑接下来要说的话时） | My whole leg was, you know, soaked in blood. 我的整条腿，你知道，都血淋淋的。 | |
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| 3 | used when you are giving extra information about something 你知道（补充信息时使用） | Have you seen that bowl, you know, the blue one? 你见没见过那只碗？你知道，就是那只蓝色的。 | |
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| 4 | used before you start to talk about a particular person or thing 你知道（用于谈起某人或某物时） | You know the woman next door, well, she’ s expecting a baby. 你知道隔壁的那个女人吧，她呀，怀孕了。 | |
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| - | you never know spoken
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| used for saying that something good might happen |
| 很难说（用于谈及可能发生的好事） |
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| You never know – he may still come. 很难说，他仍可能会来。 |
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| PHRASAL VERBS |
| - | ˈknow of |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | know of sb/sth: to know about someone or something 知道 | I only know of one case in which this has happened. 我只知道在一种情况下发生过这种事情。 | | Do you know of anyone who’ s looking for a new car? 你知道有人要买新轿车吗？ | | | a | to know about someone or something , but not know any details 听说过；知道有 | | |
| | - | not that I know of spoken
| | used for answering that you think something is not true , although you are not completely certain | | 据我所知并非如此 | | | | | |
| Ways of saying I don’ t know I don’t know 的几种表达方式 | | | | | | dunno 不知道 | used informally, in spoken language（非正式，用于口语） | | I have no idea/I haven’ t a clue/I haven’ t the faintest idea 我毫无所知/我一无所知/我一点都不知道 | used when you have no information and you are unable to guess the answer to a question（用来表示自己没有某方面的信息，猜不出问题的答案） | | how should I know? 我怎么会知道？ | used when you do not know something and are annoyed that someone is asking you about it（用于不知道某事，且对他人的询问很生气时） | | Examples:例句 | | Are you coming out later? – Dunno. Depends on the weather.你晚些时候会出来吗？——不知道，要看天气。 | | What time does the film start? – I have no idea. Why don’ t you call the cinema?电影几点钟开始？——我不清楚，为什么不打个电话问问电影院呢？ | | I don’ t suppose you know where Braganza Street is? – I haven’ t a clue. Sorry.你知道布拉干萨街在哪儿吗？——抱歉，我一无所知。 | | Could somebody please explain how this car ended up in my driveway? – I haven’ t the faintest idea .有谁能给我解释一下这车是怎么跑到我的车道上来的吗？——我一点儿都不知道是怎么回事。 | | Who left this rubbish all over the table? – How should I know? I’ ve only just come home.是谁把这些垃圾扔得满桌子都是？——我怎么会知道？我只不过刚到家而已。 | | | |
| See also | | - adam | | - bound 3 | | - devil | | - first | |
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