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| FUNCTION WORD |
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| /haʊ/ |
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| 1 | in what way
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| | 1a | used for asking or talking about the method of doing something （用于询问或谈论做某事的方法）如何，怎样 | | How can I get from here to Oxford Street? 从这儿到牛津街我该怎么走? | | ‘We have to get out of this place.’ ‘Yes, but how?’ “我们得从这儿出去。”“是啊，可是怎么出去呢？” | | Louis is the only person who understands how the system works. 路易斯是唯一知道这个系统如何运作的人。 | | How they ever made a profit is an absolute mystery. 他们当时是如何赢利的绝对是个谜。 | | how to do sth Would you show me how to send an email? 你能给我演示一下怎么发电子邮件吗？ | |
| | 1b | used for asking or talking about the way someone behaves or the way something happens （用于询问或谈论某人的行为或某事发生的方式） | | Just tell me how the story ends. 只要告诉我故事的结局就好了。 | | How did she react when you mentioned my name? 当你提到我的名字时她有什么反应？ | |
| | 1c | used for asking or talking about the way in which one thing is different from or similar to another （用于询问或谈论两物相同或相异之处） | | How does the new program differ from the old one? 新节目与旧节目的差异何在？ | | I don’ t see how this crisis is any worse than the one we had last year. 我看不出这次的危机怎么会比去年的那次更严重。 | |
| | 1d | used for asking or talking about the way someone or something looks or sounds （用于询问或谈论某人或某物的外表或声音） | | ‘How do you like your coffee?’ ‘Just a little milk, please.’ “你要喝什么样的咖啡？”“请加一点牛奶。” | | Cut her hair short if that’ s how she wants it. 如果她喜欢那样的话就把她的头发剪短。 | | How you look is not so important in radio broadcasting. 在无线电广播中人的长相不是很重要。 | | I hate how my voice sounds on tape. 我讨厌自己在录音带中的声音。 | |
| | 1e | in whatever way 不管用什么方式 | | Now I’ ve left school I can dress how I want. 我现在已经离开学校了，可以爱怎么打扮就怎么打扮。 | |
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| 2 | used for talking about quantity or degree
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| | 2a | used for asking or saying what quantity , distance , age etc something is , or to what degree something is true （用于询问或谈论数量、距离、年龄或某事的真实程度等）多少，多么 | | I wonder how far we’ ve walked today. 我不知道我们今天已经走了多远。 | | How old is your sister? 你妹妹今年多大了？ | | I soon realized how difficult my job was going to be. 我很快就意识到我的工作会有多难。 | | how much/many I know how much time is wasted on unnecessary tasks. 我知道有多少时间被浪费在了不必要的工作上。 | | How many grandchildren have you now? 你现在有几个孙子、孙女？ | |
| | 2b | used for asking the price of something …多少钱？ | | How much was that CD player of yours? 你那台CD机多少钱？ | |
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| 3 | used for asking whether sth is good
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| | 3a | used for asking what someone thinks about an experience （用于询问某人的感觉）怎么样 | | How was school today? 今天上学怎么样？ | | How’ s life in the army? 部队的生活怎么样？ | | how did sth go How did your driving test go? 你的驾驶考试情况怎么样？ | |
| | 3b | used for asking about someone’ s health 某人的健康状况如何？ | | How’ s your father doing? Is he feeling any better? 你父亲的身体怎么样？好一些了吗？ | |
| | 3c | used for asking someone about their progress or their general situation 情况怎样？/进展如何？/你近况如何？ | | ‘How are you doing, Bill?’ ‘Oh, pretty well.’ “比尔，你近来怎样？”“哦，不错。” | | ‘How are things?’ ‘Much the same as usual.’ “情况怎么样？”“跟平常差不多。” | |
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| 4 | used for emphasis
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| | 4a | used for emphasizing a particular fact or quality （用于强调）多么，何等 | | You know how much I love you. 你知道我有多爱你。 | | I was amazed at just how easy it is to shop on the Internet. 网上购物竟然那么容易，真让我惊讶。 | | How wonderful! This means we can all travel together. 太妙了！这意味着我们可以一起旅行了。 | | How kind of you to say all those nice things about me! 你真是太好了，说了我那么多的好话！ | |
| | 4b | used for emphasizing that what has just been said is true to a very great degreeThis is often used for showing that you do not approve of something （用于强调）可不是，当然啦，那还用说（该词常表示不赞成某事） | | ‘Cindy seems to have a problem with men.’ ‘And how!’ “辛迪似乎跟男人相处有点困难。”“那还用说！” | |
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| 5 | used for introducing a fact
used for referring to a particular fact that you want to mention (用于引出想要谈及的事实) |
| I remember how they used to have those huge roaring fires in the winter. 我记得他们过去经常在冬天生起熊熊燃烧的炉火。 |
| Isn’ t it strange how no one ever mentions his name nowadays? 如今竟然没有一个人提到他的名字，这不奇怪吗？ |
| PHRASES |
| - | how about...? spoken
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| 1 | used for suggesting what someone may like to do or choose , or a time or place that may be suitable （你以为）…怎么样？ | How about dinner tonight? 今晚一起吃个饭怎么样？ | | How about Friday evening? Would that be convenient? 星期五晚上怎么样？方便吗？ | | how about doing sth? How about joining us for a game of bridge? 和我们一起玩桥牌，好不好？ | |
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| 2 | used for asking about another person or thing , in addition to the ones that have already been mentioned （用于询问另一个人或物）…怎么样？ | How about Philip? Is he coming too? 菲利普怎么样？他也要来吗？ | | I’ m having coffee. How about you? 我要咖啡，你呢？ | |
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| 3 | used for asking about another aspect of the situation that you have started to discuss （用于询问刚开始谈论的情况的另一方面）…怎么样？ | How about computer skills? Have you had any special training? 电脑技术怎么样？你有没有受过什么特殊的培训？ | |
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| - | how about that?/how do you like that? spoken
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| used when you are referring to something that is very surprising , annoying , or exciting |
| （谈及让人惊讶、恼火或激动的事时）那怎么样？/你有何想法？ |
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| So I’ m going to be your new boss. How about that? 这么说我要成为你的新老板了。你有何想法？ |
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| - | how can/could sb (do sth)? spoken
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| used for saying that you think someone’ s behaviour is very surprising or very bad |
| （用于表示认为某人的行为令人惊讶或非常糟糕）某人怎么会（做某事）呢？ |
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| How can anyone believe such nonsense? 怎么会有人相信这样的胡说八道？ |
| How could you be so cruel? 你怎么能这么残忍呢？ |
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| - | howcome? spoken
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| used when you want to know why something has happened or why a particular situation exists |
| 怎么会…？;为什么…？ |
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| How come you’ re not at work today? 你今天怎么没上班？ |
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| - | how do you do? spoken formal
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| used as a polite greeting when you meet someone for the first time , especially when they have introduced themselves or have been introduced |
| 你好！（第一次见面时的用语，尤用于自我介绍或被介绍时） |
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| - | how so?/how’ s that? spoken
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| used for asking someone to explain the reason for the statement they have just made |
| 怎么会这样？/为何如此？ |
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| ‘If the dam is built, a lot of people will suffer.’ ‘How so?’ “如果水坝建起来，许多人就要遭殃。”“为什么？” |
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| - | how’ s that for...? spoken
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| used for asking someone to notice an example of a particular quality |
| (用于提醒某人注意某种特性）…怎么样？ |
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| The papers are all here ready for you to sign. How’ s that for efficiency? 所有的文件都在这儿，就等你签字了。效率多高！ |
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