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| VERB |
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| /həʊld/ |
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| 1 | T to carry something using your hands or arms 握着；拿着 |
| Can you hold my bag for a moment? 你能帮我拿一会儿手提包吗？ |
| hold sth in/under/between sth He held the book in his hand. 他手里拿着书。 |
| She was holding the catalogue under her arm. 她把目录夹在腋下。 |
| Barry was holding a coin between his finger and thumb. 巴里用食指和拇指捏着一枚硬币。 |
| | 1a | to carry something using another part of your body （用身体的其他部位）支承，托住 | | He held the sandwich between his teeth. 他咬住三明治。 | |
| | 1b | to carry another person 抱 | | She was holding a baby in her arms. 她抱着婴儿。 | |
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| 2 | T to support something or someone or stop them moving 支撑；按住；使不动 |
| Can you hold this parcel for me so I can tape it up? 你能帮我压住包裹让我捆扎一下吗？ |
| He was held by a single rope. 一条绳子就把他给捆住了。 |
| He was holding the steering wheel with his knees. 他用双膝顶住方向盘。 |
| hold sth steady We had to hold our cups steady as the boat rocked. 由于船在摇晃，我们不得不拿稳杯子。 |
| hold sth shut/still/apart etc Hold the ruler still. 把尺子拿稳，不要动。 |
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| 3 | T to put a part of your body into a particular position 使（身体部位）处于某种姿势 |
| She was holding her hand to her heart. 她用手捂着胸口。 |
| Ruth held her head in her hands. 露丝双手抱着头。 |
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| 4 | T to put your arms around someone for a long time because you love them or because they are unhappy 搂；抱 |
| He sat beside her and held her. 他坐在她身旁搂着她。 |
| hold sb tight/close She kissed him and held him tight. 她亲吻他并紧紧地抱着他。 |
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| 5 | T to have something inside 容纳 |
| The corner cupboard holds a TV and CD player. 这个角柜里有一台电视和一台激光唱机。 |
| | 5a | to be able to fit an amount of something inside 可容纳 | | How much does this jug hold? 这个壶容量有多大？ | | The stadium holds 80，000 people. 这个体育场能容纳80000人。 | |
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| 6 | T if you hold a meeting or event , you organize it 组织；召集 |
| The government agreed to hold a referendum. 政府同意进行一次全民公决。 |
| | 6a | if a meeting or event is held in a particular place , or at a particular time , it takes place there at that time （在某地或某时）召开，举行 | | The presidential election was held on April 26. 总统选举在4月26日举行。 | |
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| 7 | T to have something , for example a job 拥有，担任（职务等） |
| She is the first woman to hold this post. 她是第一个担任这一职务的女性。 |
| He held a position of trust and responsibility. 他担任了一个责任重大的职务。 |
| hold office President Mitterrand held office for 14 years. 密特朗总统当政14年。 |
| | 7a | to have an opinion about something 对（某事物）持有某种看法 | | She certainly holds some interesting views. 她无疑持有一些很有意思的观点。 | |
| | 7b | to own money or property 拥有（金钱或财产） | | Three per cent of our shares are now held by US investors. 现在我们有3%的股票在美国投资者的手中。 | |
| | 7c | to have a document that allows you to do something 持有 | | He holds a US passport. 他持有美国护照。 | |
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| 8 | T formal to have a particular quality 具有（某种特性） |
| The project holds a great deal of promise. 这一项目前景一片光明。 |
| He holds no authority over us. 他无权管我们。 |
| | 8a | used for talking about the feelings that something makes you have . For example , if something holds no fear for you , you are not afraid of it 使具有(某种感觉) | | Food still held no appeal. 食物仍不具有吸引力。 | | Water seems to hold a fascination for him. 水似乎对他具有极大的吸引力。 | |
| | 8b | if your face or voice holds a particular emotion , it shows it （脸部或声音）流露出（某种感情） | | His eyes held a look of desperation. 他的眼里流露出绝望的神色。 | |
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| 9 | T to keep information , for example on a computer 保存（如在计算机中） |
| His data was held on disk. 他的资料保存在磁盘里。 |
| I wanted to see what information the police held on me. 我想看看警方收集了我的哪些资料。 |
| | 9a | to keep someone somewhere as a prisoner 拘留 | | They were arrested and held under the Prevention of Terrorism Act. 他们被依照反恐条例逮捕并拘留。 | | hold sb at gunpoint The family were held at gunpoint overnight. 这一家人整夜都处于枪口的威逼之下。 | | hold sb prisoner/hostage/captive The four men had been held captive for over two years. 这4个人被关押了两年多。 | |
| | 9b | to not give something that someone wants to another person 保留 | | hold a table/reservation/room/seat They said they’ d hold the reservation for 24 hours. 他们说预订会保留24小时。 | |
| | 9c | to stop a train , plane etc from leaving at the right time , so that someone who is late can get on it （火车）延迟离站；（飞机）推迟起飞 | |
| | 9d | to stop someone from leaving or from doing what they want 管住；约束住 | | It seemed that no man could hold her for long. 似乎没有男人能长久地留住她。 | |
| | 9e | to keep someone interested in something 吸引某人的注意/兴趣 | | It’ s hard to hold their attention for more than 15 minutes. 吸引他们的注意力达15分钟以上是很难的。 | |
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| 10 | T to continue to have a particular feeling , especially a bad one 持续怀有（某种感情，尤指坏的感情） |
| I no longer hold any resentment towards him. 我不再恨他了。 |
| hold a grudge He’ s not someone who holds a grudge. 他不是一个爱记恨的人。 |
| | 10a | to keep an idea or picture in your mind （头脑中）保持（想法或形象） | | I tried to hold his image in my mind as I walked away. 我走时试图在脑海里记住他的形象。 | |
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| 11 | I to continue to support something without breaking or being damaged 顶住；支撑住 |
| I don’ t know if the walls will hold. 我不知道这些墙能否顶得住。 |
| | 11a | I/T to stay or keep something at a particular level 保持（在某种水平） | | The price has been held at £2, the same as last year. 价格跟去年一样，始终保持在2英镑。 | | hold steady The coffee market should hold steady for the next few months. 咖啡市场在今后的几个月里应保持平稳。 | |
| | 11b | I if a promise or offer holds, it still exists （许诺或提议）有效，适用 | | They were pessimistic about the ceasefire holding until the spring. 他们对停火持续到春季感到悲观。 | | We need to find out if his offer still holds. 我们得查明他的报价是否仍然有效。 | |
| | 11c | I if your luck or the weather holds, it continues to be good 继续交好运；（天气）保持晴好 | |
| | 11d | I/T to stay in the same position , for example when you are exercising 保持（某种姿势） | | Hold this position for a few seconds, then relax. 保持这种姿势几秒钟，然后放松。 | |
| | 11e | T to continue to play or sing a note without stopping 延长（音符）；继续演奏（或唱）（某音符） | | Hold that last note for a count of four. 把最后那个音保持四拍。 | |
| | 11f | to still exist or still be valuable 仍然存在；仍然有价值 | | These assurances only hold good while he remains in office. 只有在他的任期内这些保证才有效。 | |
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| 12 | T used for saying what people believe 认为 |
| +(that) Conventional wisdom held that he would resign. 人们依常识推断他会辞职。 |
| One school of thought holds that very few people reach their full potential. 有一种思想流派认为，几乎没有人能充分发挥自己的潜能。 |
| | 12a | if a court or judge holds that something is true , the court or judge says that it is true （法院或法官）裁定 | | +(that) The court held that the defendants were guilty of trespass. 法院裁定，被告犯有非法侵入罪。 | | be held to be sth The clause was held to be unreasonable. 这项条款被裁定是不合理的。 | | be held to have done sth The plaintiff was held to have acted reasonably. 人们认为原告的做法合情合理。 | |
| | 12b | to be believed by a lot of people 被广泛地/被通常地/被普遍地认为 | | It was a commonly held view in those days. 在当时，这是个很寻常的看法。 | | +(that) It was widely held the management was out of touch with the workers. 管理人员被广泛认为脱离了工人。 | |
| | 12c | to feel that something or someone is very important to you 珍视（或看重）某物/某人 | | This government was a threat to everything he held dear. 这个政府对他所珍爱的一切都是一种威胁。 | |
| | 12d | to admire or respect someone very much 极羡慕（或尊敬）某人 | |
| | 12e | to believe that someone is responsible for something 认为某人负有责任 | |
| | 12f | used for saying what happened according to a traditional story 传说 | | Tradition holds Jesus Christ was born on this site. 传说耶稣基督生于此地。 | |
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| 13 | I/T to wait to speak to someone on the telephone . You can also say that you hold the line 不挂断电话 |
| ‘Do you want to call back later?’ ‘No, I’ ll hold.’ “你要一会儿再打过来吗？”“不，我等着。” |
| Can you hold the line, please? 请你不要挂断电话好吗？ |
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| 14 | T in an election , to succeed in keeping control of a particular area （竞选中）保住 |
| The seat was held by Labour with a reduced majority. 工党保住了席位，但在得票数上的优势有所减少。 |
| | 14a | if an army holds an area , it has control of it and stops it being captured （军队）据守 | |
| PHRASES |
| - | hold the chilli/mustard/cream etc AMERICAN spoken
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| used for telling someone not to give you a particular thing , especially a type of food |
| 不要辣椒/芥末/奶油等（用于告知某人不要某物，尤其是某种食物） |
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| Give me a hot dog, and hold the mustard. 给我来个热狗，不要芥末。 |
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| - | hold a course
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| to keep sailing or travelling in the same direction |
| 保持方向继续前进 |
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| - | hold your drink
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| to be able to drink a lot of alcohol without getting drunk |
| 酒量好；海量 |
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| - | hold sb’ s gaze
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| to look at someone who is looking at you , without moving your eyes away |
| 目不转睛地回视某人 |
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| - | hold hands
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| to put your hand around someone else’ s hand |
| 握住某人的手 |
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| She was holding hands with Mike. 她正握着迈克的手。 |
| They all held hands and prayed. 他们手挽着手祈祷。 |
| Hold my hand while we cross the road. 过马路时拉着我的手。 |
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| - | hold your head up/high
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| to not be ashamed of yourself |
| 高昂着头；不自感惭愧 |
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| - | hold it spoken
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| 1 | used for telling someone not to move 别动 | Just hold it right there! Where do you think you’ re going with that? 站在那儿别动！你想带着那个东西上哪儿去? | |
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| 2 | used for telling someone to wait 等着 | Hold it, you two, wait for us! 等一等，你们俩，等等我们！ | |
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| 3 | used for showing that something has made you angry or surprised 等一等(用于表示某事使人生气或惊奇) | Hold it a minute! Are you saying he’ s not coming? 等一等!你是说他不来了？ | |
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| - | hold the key
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| to make it possible to explain or solve something |
| 能解释；能解决 |
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| Tourism holds the key to the region’ s recovery. 旅游业能使这一地区的经济得以复苏。 |
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| - | hold your own
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| to be as good as other more experienced or stronger people , for example in an argument or discussion |
| 与…相匹敌；毫不逊色 |
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| - | hold the road
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| if a vehicle holds the road well , it is easy to control , even when you drive fast around bends |
| （车辆）平稳地行驶，安全顺当地行驶 |
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| - | hold still spoken
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| used for telling someone not to move |
| 不要动 |
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| Hold still while I brush your hair. 我给你梳头时不要动。 |
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| - | hold that thought mainly AMERICAN spoken
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| used for telling someone not to forget something |
| 别忘了 |
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| - | hold tight spoken
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| 1 | used for telling someone to hold something , so that they do not drop it or so that they do not fall 抓紧；抓牢 | Hold tight when we go round the corner! 拐弯时请抓好把手！ | |
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| 2 | used for telling someone to wait and not do anything or not worry 等着；别急 | Hold tight there and I’ ll go and get him. 在那儿等着，我去把他找来。 | |
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| - | hold true
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| to be true or remain true |
| 适用；有效 |
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| - | hold yourself
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| the way that you hold yourself is the way that you sit , stand , or move |
| 保持…的样子 |
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| He held himself with an easy confidence. 他显得洒脱自信。 |
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| - | what the future holds
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| what is likely to happen in the future |
| 将来可能发生的事 |
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| Words frequently used with hold | | hold 的常见搭配词 | | nouns | conference, demonstration, election, inquiry, meeting, rally, referendum, seminar, talks, | 6 | | | |
| PHRASAL VERBS |
| - | ˌhold aˈgainst |
| PHRASAL VB usually in negatives |
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| | hold sth against sb: to feel angry with someone , because of something that they have done in the past 因（某事）怨恨（某人） | He knows it was an accident – I don’ t think he’ ll hold it against her. 他知道那是个意外事故。我想他不会因此而怨恨她。 | |
| - | ˌhold ˈback |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | T to stop someone or something from moving forwards 阻挡；抑制 | Ollie had to hold Tom back to prevent him retaliating. 奥利不得不把汤姆挡住，阻止他报复。 | | Her hair was held back by two clips. 她的头发用两个小夹子往后夹了起来。 | |
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| 2 | T to stop something or someone from succeeding as they should 阻碍…的成功（或发展） | Her parents worried that her classmates were holding her back. 她父母担心她的同学会影响她的学业。 | |
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| 3 | I/T to decide not to do or say something , or to make someone decide not to do or say something 克制住自己(使不做或不说某事) | He held back, remembering the mistake he had made before. 想起曾经犯过的错误，他克制住了自己。 | |
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| 4 | T to not show what you are thinking or feeling 控制（念头或情感） | Joe held back his anger. 乔忍住了怒火。 | | She bit her lip to hold back the tears. 她咬着嘴唇强忍住眼泪。 | |
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| 5 | T to not allow someone to have something , for example money 扣住（钱等） | They held back the final payment because they weren’ t satisfied with the work. 他们拒付尾款，因为他们对所干的活儿不满意。 | |
| - | ˌhold ˈdown |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | to hold someone who is lying down , so that they cannot move 把…按倒在地 | Four people held him down. 4个人把他按倒在地。 | |
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| 2 | to hold something so it does not move upwards 压下 |
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| 3 | to prevent something from developing or to prevent someone from doing what they want 抑制；限制 | She proved that being a woman wouldn’ t hold her down. 她证明她没有因自己是一个女人而使发展受到限制。 | |
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| 4 | to stop prices or numbers from rising 控制（物价或数目）的上升 | a deal to hold down wages and prices 控制工资和物价上涨的协议 | |
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| 5 | to succeed in keeping a job 保住(工作) | Half of them have never held down a proper job. 他们中有一半的人从没保住过一份真正的工作。 | |
| - | ˌhold ˈforth |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | I to talk for a long time about something that is important to you , often in a way that other people think is boring 发表长篇大论；夸夸其谈 | Dave was holding forth on the subject of politics. 戴夫在大谈政治。 | |
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| 2 | T literary to hold something so that other people can reach it or see it 提供；展示 |
| - | ˌhold ˈin |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | to not allow your feelings to show 克制（情感）；忍住 | It can be bad for you to hold in anger. 压抑怒火会不利于健康。 | |
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| 2 | to stop something from moving outwards 约束；控制住 | I was trying desperately to hold my tummy in. 我拼命忍着不吐出来。 | |
| - | ˌhold ˈoff |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | I to delay doing something deliberately 推迟；拖延 | He may decide to hold off for a few days. 他可能决定推迟几天。 | | +on How much longer can they hold off on political reform? 他们的政治改革会再推迟多久? | | hold off doing sth She held off calling him until the last possible moment. 她一直拖到最后一刻才给他打电话。 | |
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| 2 | T to stop someone who is trying to attack you from coming close 使不能靠近；抵挡住 | I held them off with bricks and stones. 我用砖头和石头阻止他们靠近。 | |
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| 3 | T mainly journalism to stop an opponent from starting to win or lead 阻止(对手取胜或领先) | Can Woods hold off Singh to take his second Masters? 伍兹能阻止辛格第二次获得大师赛的胜利吗? | |
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| 4 | T to stop something from happening 阻止(某事发生) | They can hold off the vote until the election. 他们等不及选举就想投票了。 | |
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| 5 | I if rain or snow holds off , it does not fall , although you expected it to (雨或雪)延缓，迟迟不下 |
| - | ˌhold ˈon |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | to hold something tightly or carefully so that you do not drop it or do not fall 抓牢 | hold on tight Hold on tight everyone – the driver’ s getting ready to go. 大家扶好，司机要开车了。 | |
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| 2 | to wait 等待；等候 | We’ ll hold on another minute, then we’ ll have to go. 我们再等一分钟，然后我们就得走了。 | | Can you hurry up in the bathroom – I can’ t hold on much longer. 你用洗手间能快点吗?我憋不住了。 | |
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| 3 | to keep trying to win or succeed 坚持（求取胜利或成功） | Aberdeen held on to go level with Motherwell. 阿伯丁坚持着，希望与马瑟韦尔打个平局。 | |
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| 4 | always in imperative used for telling someone to wait 等一下 | Hold on! You forgot your card! 等一等！你把手提包给忘了！ | | | 4a | used for telling someone to listen or think 听着；想想看 | | Hold on, that won’ t work. 听着，那是行不通的。 | | Now hold on a minute! I never said that. 听着！我从没那么说过。 | | |
| - | ˌhold ˈon to or ˌhold ˈonto |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | hold on to sth: to hold something tightly or carefully so that you do not drop it or do not fall 抓住（某物） | Hold on to the seat in front when we go round the corner. 我们拐弯时要抓牢前面的座椅。 | | Hold onto your bag, won’ t you? 抓牢手提包，好吗？ | |
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| 2 | hold on to sth: to not lose something or not let someone else have it 保留（某物） | Hold on to the instructions in case you have any problems. 使用说明书要留着，以防有什么问题。 | |
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| 3 | hold on to sth: to continue feeling or believing something 继续感到；仍然相信 | I always held on to the belief that one day he would succeed. 我始终相信他有朝一日会成功。 | |
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| 4 | hold on to sb: to stop someone from leaving you or from doing what they want 不让（某人）离开；不让（某人）做想做的事 | A mother can’ t hold on to her children for ever. 母亲不能把孩子永远留在身边。 | |
| - | ˌhold ˈout |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | T to hold something where other people can reach it 伸出；端出 | Gail held out her glass to be refilled. 盖尔把自己的杯子递过去再次斟满。 | | hold out your hand She held out her hand to him. 她向他伸出了手。 | |
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| 2 | I to continue to be enough or continue to exist 维持；继续存在 | How long will your money hold out? 你的钱能维持多久？ | | I wonder whether her stamina will hold out. 我想知道她的耐力到底行不行。 | |
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| 3 | I to continue to defend a place that is being attacked 抵挡进攻；坚守 | We can only hold out for a few more hours. 我们只能再守几个小时了。 | |
| | - | hold out hope
| | to think that something is likely to happen or succeed | | 抱有希望 | | | | I don’ t hold out much hope that they’ ll come. 我对他们的到来不抱多大希望。 | | | | - | hold out a possibility/prospect/promise etc
| | to say or show that something may or will happen | | 表明有可能 | | | | She held out the possibility of prisoners being released. 她表示囚犯有被释放的可能。 | | | |
| - | ˌhold ˈout for |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| | hold out for sth: to not accept an offer because you want a better one （因想得到更大的利益而）拒绝接受（提议） | They’ ve been holding out for an even higher price. 他们一直故意拖延以谋求更高的价格。 | |
| - | ˌhold ˈout on |
| PHRASAL VB MAINLY AMERICAN |
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| | hold out on sb/sth: to not tell someone something 瞒住 | They’ ve been holding out on the details of the plan. 他们一直在隐瞒计划的细节。 | |
| - | ˌhold ˈover |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | hold sth over sb: to hold something above someone or something 将（某物）举过（某人或某物） | She ran out with an umbrella and held it over my head. 她拿着伞跑出来，打在我的头顶。 | |
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| 2 | hold sth over sb: to threaten to tell something you know about someone in order to force them to do something 以（某事）要挟（某人） |
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| 3 | to do something or deal with something at a later time or date 推迟做（或处理某事） | One session was held over until this evening. 一次会议被推迟到今天晚上召开。 | | They intend to hold the article over for the next edition. 他们计划把这篇文章推迟到下一版刊发。 | |
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| 4 | AMERICAN to let something continue 让（某事）继续 |
| - | ˈhold to |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | hold to sth: to do what you have promised or decided 坚守；忠于 | The western democracies held to their policy of non-intervention. 西方民主国家坚守它们的不干涉政策。 | |
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| 2 | hold to sth: to continue having particular beliefs or standards 坚持（信念或标准） | She still holds to the view that violence is never justified. 她始终坚持暴力永远是不正当的这一观点。 | |
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| 3 | hold sb to sth: to make someone do what they have promised or decided 使（某人）遵守(诺言或决定) | They didn’ t hold me to a month’ s notice. 他们没有非要我遵守提前一个月通知的规定。 | | | 3a | a friendly way of accepting an invitation or offer for a later date 我向你保证我一定会…（用于友好地表示接受邀请或提议） | | |
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| 4 | hold sb to sth: to make someone continue to behave according to particular beliefs or standards 使（某人）按（某种信仰或标准）行事 | Anyone appointed to this position should be held to the highest ethical standards. 任何受命担任此职务的人都必须按照最高的道德标准行事。 | |
| - | ˌhold toˈgether |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | to remain in one piece and not break apart , or to make something do this （使）连在一起 | The trousers were held together with a safety pin. 这裤子是用别针别住的。 | |
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| 2 | to stay together and continue to have a good relationship in a difficult situation （使）团结；（使）保持良好关系 | How can any family hold together under these circumstances? 在这种情况下哪里有家庭能保持团结呢？ | | I was trying to hold my marriage together. 我在努力维系自己的婚姻。 | |
| - | ˌhold ˈup |
| PHRASAL VB |
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| 1 | T to hold something in a high position , so that people can see it 举起；抬起 | She held up her hand for silence. 她举起手示意安静。 | |
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| 2 | T to support someone or something so that they do not fall down 支撑 | Her legs were almost too shaky to hold her up. 她的腿抖得几乎支撑不住身体了。 | |
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| 3 | T often passive to cause a delay or make someone late 耽搁；延迟；使停顿 | Sorry I’ m late, but my train was held up. 对不起，我迟到了，我的火车晚点了。 | | She got held up at work. 她的工作停顿下来了。 | |
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| 4 | T to steal from a business , from a vehicle , or from people by threatening violence 拦劫；抢劫 | An armed raider held up the village store last week. 上星期一个武装劫匪抢劫了这家乡村商店。 | |
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| 5 | I to remain strong or in a fairly good condition 保持强壮；维持良好状态 | There were fears that her ankle might not hold up for the competition. 人们担心她的踝关节在这次比赛中无法保持良好状态。 | | Prices had held up well until late 1997. 物价直至1997年年底前都保持得很好。 | |
| - | ˌhold ˈup as |
| PHRASAL VB often passive |
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| | hold sb up as sth: to say that someone or something is an example of something , usually something good 将（某人或某物）作为（榜样） | He was held up as a hero. 他被树为英雄。 | | We were held up as the best example of working practice. 我们被列为实习的最佳榜样。 | |
| - | ˈhold with |
| PHRASAL VB |
| | - | not hold with sth mainly spoken
| | to not approve of an activity or action | | 不同意，不赞成（活动或行为） | | | | | |
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