DFID
abbreviation/ˌdiː ef aɪ ˈdiː/
/ˌdiː ef aɪ ˈdiː/
Department for International Development
- a British government department that gives help to poorer countries by sending money, food, equipment, etc.Culture aidaidMost aid (= money, food and equipment) is given to the world's poorest countries to help reduce poverty. Projects paid for by aid money are often aimed at improving local housing and water supply, agriculture, health and education. Training local people is a central part of many programmes. A lot of aid money comes from governments, but development projects are often run with the help of NGOs (non-governmental organizations), such as charities. Some charities, for example, Oxfam, the Red Cross and Save the Children, run their own aid programmes with money given by the general public. Additional emergency aid is given after natural disasters.The British government gives aid each year to developing countries. The distribution of aid is organized by the Department for International Development. Some aid is given direct to individual countries; the rest is distributed through international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank. Britain, together with other countries, is helping to reduce the debts of poorer countries and may under certain circumstances cancel debts.The US began giving foreign aid during the Second World War, when the Lend-Lease Act made it possible to give military equipment to foreign countries. After the war the US created the Marshall Plan, a $15 billion programme to help European countries rebuild their economies. The US has continued to spend large amounts of money on foreign aid although it has sometimes been criticized for the way it decides who to help. USAID distributes US foreign aid.Two organizations are particularly concerned with training local people. In Britain Voluntary Service Overseas arranges for people to work abroad for a few years so that they can pass on their skills. They are paid at local rates by the government of the country they are working in. The Peace Corps, a US government agency, does similar work but it pays the living expenses of the volunteers and gives them a small amount of money each month.
英国政府部门，通过发送金钱、食品、设备等向较贫穷国家提供帮助。 文化援助 大多数援助（=金钱、食品和设备）是提供给世界上最贫穷国家以帮助减少贫困。援助资金支付的项目通常旨在改善当地住房和供水、农业、卫生和教育。培训当地人是许多计划的核心部分。许多援助资金来自政府，但发展项目通常是在慈善机构等非政府组织的帮助下运行的。一些慈善机构，例如乐施会、红十字会和救助儿童会，利用公众捐赠的资金开展自己的援助项目。自然灾害发生后会提供额外的紧急援助。英国政府每年都会向发展中国家提供援助。援助的分配由国际发展部组织。有些援助直接提供给个别国家；其余的则通过联合国和世界银行等国际组织分配。英国与其他国家一起，正在帮助减少较贫穷国家的债务，并可能在某些情况下取消债务。美国在第二次世界大战期间开始提供对外援助，当时的租借法案使向贫穷国家提供军事装备成为可能。外国。战后，美国制定了马歇尔计划，这是一项耗资 150 亿美元的计划，旨在帮助欧洲国家重建经济。美国继续在对外援助上投入大量资金，尽管它有时因其决定援助对象的方式而受到批评。美国国际开发署负责分配美国的对外援助。有两个组织特别关注培训当地人。在英国，海外志愿服务机构安排人们到国外工作几年，以便他们能够传承自己的技能。他们的工资由所在国政府按当地标准支付。美国政府机构和平队也从事类似的工作，但它支付志愿者的生活费，并每月给他们少量的钱。