de·mand

noun

OPAL WOPAL S

/dɪˈmɑːnd/

/dɪˈmænd/

Idioms

[countable] a very strong request for something; something that somebody needs（坚决的）要求；所需之物
- demand for something a demand for higher pay增加工资的要求
- demand that… demands that the law on gun ownership should be changed要求修改枪械持有法的呼声
- A federal judge rejected their demands.一位联邦法官拒绝了他们的要求。
- The management had no intention of meeting union demands.管理层不打算答应工会的要求。
Extra Examples
- A ransom demand has been made for the kidnapped racehorse.被绑架的赛马已遭勒索赎金。
- Campaigners have stepped up their demands for immediate government action.活动人士逐步提高要求，呼吁政府立即行动。
- Demands have been made for the immediate distribution of food to the refugees.已经要求立即把食物发放给难民。
- I think your demand for a higher salary is perfectly reasonable.我认为你加薪的要求完全合理。
- My government cannot give in to the demands of an illegal organization.我的政府不能向非法组织的要求低头。
- The reporter refused their demand that he reveal his sources.那名记者拒绝了他们让其透漏消息来源的要求。
- There have been new demands for the government to take action to reduce crime.出现了呼吁政府采取行动减少犯罪的新要求。
- demands from the opposition for a recount of the votes反对党提出的重新计算选票的要求
- Every now and then there are demands that the law on gun ownership should be changed.时不时有人要求修改有关枪支所有权的法律。
- Our firm is constantly striving to satisfy customers' demands.我们公司一直在努力满足顾客的需求。
- Their demand for higher pay was ignored.他们加薪的要求未被理睬。
Oxford Collocations Dictionary
adjective
- legitimate
- realistic
- reasonable
- …
verb + demand
- issue
- make
- present
- …
preposition
- on demand
- demand for
- demand from
- …
demands
[plural] things that somebody/something makes you do, especially things that are difficult, make you tired, worried, etc.（尤指困难、使人劳累、令人担忧等的）要求
- Juggling the demands of work and family is never easy.兼顾工作和家庭的需求绝非易事。
- She shouldn't always give in to his demands.她不应该总是屈服于他的要求。
- demands on somebody As a director he makes huge demands on his actors.作为一名导演，他对演员提出了很高的要求。
- Flying makes enormous demands on pilots.驾驶飞机对飞行员要求很高。
Extra Examples
- the day-to-day demands of the job这项工作的日常要求
- We must prepare children to respond to the demands of work.我们必须要让孩子做好准备以适应工作的需求。
- coping with the conflicting demands of work and family life平衡工作和家庭生活之间相互矛盾的要求
- The emotional demands of the job can be overwhelming.这项工作会有极大的情感需求。
- Teacher training has to evolve to meet the changing demands of the profession.教师培训必须改进，以满足这一职业不断变化的需求。
- How do they cope with the conflicting demands of work and family life?他们怎样平衡工作需求和家庭生活需求之间的矛盾？
- I think the demands of this job are excessive.我觉得这项工作的要求过高。
- Juggling the daily demands of career and family is rewarding, but never easy.处理好事业和家庭的需求是有益的，但绝非易事。
- Life is hard for nurses on children's wards, where the emotional demands can be overwhelming.儿科病房护士的日子很难过，要处理情绪的情况很多很多。
- My elderly parents make a lot of demands on me.我年老的父母对我提出很多要求。
- My work seems to make more and more demands on my time.工作似乎要占用我越来越多的时间。
- The person who cannot say ‘no’ to others' requests is likely to be overwhelmed by external demands.不会对别人的要求说“不”的人很可能被外来要求所压倒。
- the need for scientific research freed from the immediate demands of industry把科学研究从满足工业直接需要中解放出来的必要性
Oxford Collocations Dictionary
adjective
- considerable
- enormous
- excessive
- …
verb + demands
- impose
- make
- place
- …
preposition
- demand on
- demand upon
[uncountable, singular] the desire or need of customers for goods or services that they want to buy or use（顾客的）需求，需要
- Demand is exceeding supply.供不应求。
- It is becoming more difficult for us to meet demand.我们越发难以满足需求。
- demand for something/somebody Consumer demand for organic foods continues to increase rapidly.消费者对有机食品的需求继续快速增长。
- We are struggling to satisfy the demand for the product.我们正在努力满足对产品的需求。
- We are seeing an increased demand for housing in the area.我们看到该地区的住房需求在增加。
- increasing/growing/rising demand需求增加/增长/上升
- to stimulate/boost/increase demand刺激/促进/增加需求
see also print on demand, supply and demand
Collocations The economy
The economyManaging the economy
- handle/run/manage the economy
- boost investment/spending/employment/growth
- stimulate demand/the economy/industry
- cut/reduce investment/spending/borrowing
- reduce/curb/control/keep down inflation
- create/fuel growth/demand/a boom/a bubble
- encourage/foster/promote/stimulate/stifle innovation/competition
- encourage/work with/compete with the private sector
- increase/boost/promote US/agricultural exports
- ban/restrict/block cheap/foreign imports
- the economy grows/expands/shrinks/contracts/slows (down)/recovers/improves/is booming
- enjoy an economic/housing/property boom
Economic problems
- push up/drive up prices/costs/inflation
- damage/hurt/destroy industry/the economy
- cause/lead to/go into/avoid/escape recession
- experience/suffer a recession/downturn
- fight/combat inflation/deflation/unemployment
- cause/create inflation/poverty/unemployment
- create/burst a housing/stock market bubble
- cause/trigger a stock market crash/the collapse of the banking system
- face/be plunged into a financial/an economic crisis
- be caught in/experience cycles of boom and bust
Public finance
- cut/reduce/slash/increase/double the defence/education/aid budget
- increase/boost/slash/cut public spending
- increase/put up/raise/cut/lower/reduce taxes
- raise/cut/lower/reduce interest rates
- ease/loosen/tighten monetary policy
- balance the (state/federal) budget
- achieve/maintain a balanced budget
- run a ($4 trillion) budget deficit/surplus
- impose taxes/austerity measures
Extra Examples
- a high level of demand需求水平高
- As demand slows, the need to export will return.随着需求放缓，出口的需要将回归。
- Demand for personal computers has risen sharply.个人电脑需求急剧增长。
- Demand for the product is buoyant.对于这个产品的需求殷切。
- In the housing market, demand is outstripping supply.住房市场供不应求。
- It can be difficult to forecast demand in the construction industry.有时很难预测建筑业的需求。
- It is the job of the marketing manager to create demand for the new product.为新产品创造需求是营销经理的职责。
- Low interest rates are fuelling demand for credit.低利率刺激了信贷需求。
- Supply normally exceeds demand for the bulk of consumer goods.一般来说，大宗消费品都供过于求。
- The factories are staying open all weekend to try to meet the consumer demand for this product.为了满足消费者对这一产品的需求，工厂整个周末开工。
- The slowdown in domestic demand was offset by an increase in exports.国内需求的放缓通过出口的增长得到了弥补。
- There's always a great demand for our soups in winter.冬天人们对我们的汤的需求量总是很大。
- We can estimate that total market demand for electrical goods will rise by 8%.我们可以估计电器产品的市场总需求会上升 8%。
- policies aimed at managing demand旨在控制需求的政策
- the demand from consumers消费者的需求
- the law of supply and demand供求定律
- the potential demand among children儿童中的潜在需求
- An ageing population is placing an increasing demand on health services.人口老龄化对医疗服务的需求日益增加。
- The scheme aims to provide bed space for tourism in times of high demand.该计划旨在在需求旺盛时为旅游业提供床位。
Oxford Collocations Dictionary
adjective
- big
- buoyant
- considerable
- …
… of demand
- level
verb + demand
- accommodate
- cope with
- fulfil/fulfill
- …
demand + verb
- grow
- increase
- rise
- …
preposition
- in demand
- demand among
- demand for
- …
phrases
- supply and demand

Word OriginMiddle English (as a noun): from Old French demande (noun), demander (verb), from Latin demandare ‘hand over, entrust’ (in medieval Latin ‘demand’), from de- ‘formally’ + mandare ‘to order’.

Idioms

by popular demand

because a lot of people have asked for something由于许多人的要求；由于普遍要求
- By popular demand, the play will run for another week.应广大观众要求，这出戏将加演一周。

in demand

wanted by a lot of people需求大
- Good secretaries are always in demand.优秀的秘书总是很抢手。
Extra Examples
- She is in constant demand to make public appearances and give interviews.她不断地被邀约公开亮相，接受采访。
- These old machines are still in demand.这些旧机器仍然有很大需求。

on demand

done or happening whenever somebody asks应要求提供的；按需的
- Feed the baby on demand.宝宝需要时再喂食。
- The service allows you to watch video on demand.该服务可视频点播。
- All of the conference sessions will be available on demand for 90 days.所有会议会议都将在 90 天内按需提供。
see also on-demand

de·mand

verb

/dɪˈmɑːnd/

/dɪˈmænd/

Verb Forms

present simple I / you / we / they demand	/dɪˈmɑːnd/ /dɪˈmænd/
he / she / it demands	/dɪˈmɑːndz/ /dɪˈmændz/
past simple demanded	/dɪˈmɑːndɪd/ /dɪˈmændɪd/
past participle demanded	/dɪˈmɑːndɪd/ /dɪˈmændɪd/
-ing form demanding	/dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ/ /dɪˈmændɪŋ/

to make a very strong request for something强烈要求
- demand something They are demanding the release of all political prisoners.他们要求释放所有政治犯。
- You should demand an apology in writing.您应该要求书面道歉。
- Protesters demanded the resignation of the prime minister.抗议者要求总理辞职。
- demand that… The UN has demanded that all troops be withdrawn.联合国已要求撤出所有部队。
- (British English also) They are demanding that all troops should be withdrawn.他们强烈要求所有部队撤离。
- The judge demanded that we turn off our phones.法官要求我们关掉手机。
- demand to do something I demand to see the manager.我坚决要求见经理。
- demand something of somebody We demand a lot of our teachers.我们对老师有很多要求。
- demand something from somebody He had demanded money from her.他向她要钱。
Synonyms demand
demandrequire ▪ expect ▪ insist ▪ askThese words all mean to say that somebody should do or have something.
demand to make a very strong request for something; to say very definitely that somebody should have or do something:
She demanded an immediate explanation.她强烈要求立即作出解释。
require [often passive] (rather formal) to make somebody do or have something, especially because it is necessary according to a law or set of rules or standards:
All candidates will be required to take a short test.所有候选者都要参加一次小测验。
expect to demand that somebody should do, have or be something, especially because it is their duty or responsibility:
I expect to be paid promptly for the work.我希望立即给付工钱。
insist to demand that something happens or that somebody agrees to do something:
I didn’t want to go but he insisted.我并不想去，但他硬要我去。
We insist on the highest standards at all times.我们始终坚持最高标准。
ask to expect or demand something:
You’re asking too much of him.你对他要求过分了。
demand, expect or ask?Ask is not as strong as demand or expect, both of which can be more like a command.Patterns
- to demand/require/expect/ask something of/from somebody
- to demand/require/expect/insist/ask that…
- to require/expect/ask somebody to do something
- to demand/require/expect/ask a lot/too much/a great deal
- to be too much to expect/ask
Synonyms ask
askenquire ▪ demandThese words all mean to say or write something in the form of a question, in order to get information.
ask to say or write something in the form of a question, in order to get information:
‘Where are you going?’ she asked.“你去哪里？”她问道。
She asked the students their names.她问了学生们的姓名。
Can I ask a question?我能提个问题吗？
enquire/inquire (rather formal) to ask somebody for information:
I called the station to enquire about train times.我打电话到车站询问火车时刻。
demand to make a very strong request for information:
‘And where have you been?’ he demanded angrily.“那你去了哪里？”他怒气冲冲地质问道。
Patterns
- to ask/enquire about/after somebody/something
- to ask/enquire/demand something of somebody
- to ask/enquire/demand what/who/how, etc.
- to ask/enquire politely
- to ask/enquire/demand angrily
Extra Examples
- They failed to provide the information demanded of them.他们没有提供索要的信息。
- They demanded to see the ambassador.他们坚决要求与大使会面。
- They're demanding a better deal for themselves and their families.他们要求为自己和家人提供更好的待遇。
- The group demands a high level of loyalty from its members.该组织要求其成员高度忠诚。
- He is also a cold-hearted killer when Queen and Country demand it of him. 当女王和国家要求他时，他也是一个冷酷无情的杀手。
Oxford Collocations Dictionary
adverb
- angrily
- coldly
- furiously
- …
preposition
- from
- of
+ speech to ask a question in an angry or aggressive way质问；盘问
- ‘Who the hell are you?’ he demanded angrily.“你到底是谁？”他气势汹汹地质问道。
Extra Examples
- ‘Where are the keys?’ she demanded angrily.“ 钥匙在哪儿？”她生气地问道。
- ‘And where have you been?’ he demanded angrily.“那你去了哪里？”他怒气冲冲地质问道。
- ‘What's your name?’ she demanded of the girl.“你叫什么名字？”她向那女孩问道。
demand something (of customers) to want or need goods or services要求，需求（商品或服务）
- Today's consumers are demanding a greater variety of produce.如今的消费者要求更多种类的农产品。
- Our customers demand quality and reliability most of all.我们的客户最需要的是质量和可靠性。
to need something in order to be successful at something需要
- demand something This sport demands both speed and strength.这项运动既需要速度也需要体力。
- This is music that demands great technical skill.这是需要高超技巧的音乐。
- She can be a very tough negotiator when the situation demands it.当情况需要时，她可以成为一位非常强硬的谈判者。
- be demanded of somebody High personal standards are demanded of all applicants.所有申请人都要求很高的个人标准。