Winston Churchill
/ˌwɪnstən ˈtʃɜːtʃɪl/
/ˌwɪnstən ˈtʃɜːrtʃɪl/
- (1874-1965) a politician who is remembered as one of Britain's greatest statesmen. He was the son of the conservative politician Lord Randolph Churchill and his American wife Jennie. As a young man he served as a soldier in India and Egypt, and as a journalist in South Africa. He was a Member of Parliament from 1900 to 1965, for five different constituencies. He started as a conservative, changed to the Liberal Party in 1904 and back to the Conservative Party in 1925. Between 1906 and 1929 he held many important positions in government, but went against the general feeling of his day in opposing Hitler's moves to increase Germany's supplies of weapons. When Neville Chamberlain was forced to resign in 1940, Churchill became Prime Minister and Minister of Defence. His radio speeches during the Second World War gave the British people a strong determination to win the war, especially at times of great crisis. The Conservative Party, led by Churchill, lost the election of 1945, but he became Prime Minister again from 1951 to 1955 when he retired, aged 80. He was made a knight in 1953, the same year in which he won the Nobel Prize for literature. Churchill was also a skilled painter. He was famous for smoking a large cigar, and making a V-sign for 'victory'. He was often referred to simply as 'Winnie' and is remembered with great affection in both Britain and the US. In 1963 Congress made him an honorary US citizen. see also Battle of Britain “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat”
（1874-1965）一位政治家，被誉为英国最伟大的政治家之一。他是保守派政治家伦道夫·丘吉尔勋爵和他的美国妻子珍妮的儿子。年轻时，他曾在印度和埃及当过兵，并在南非担任过记者。 1900 年至 1965 年间，他担任五个不同选区的国会议员。他一开始是保守派，1904年加入自由党，1925年又回到保守党。1906年至1929年间，他在政府中担任过许多重要职务，但与当时的普遍情绪相反，反对希特勒提高德国经济的举措。武器供应。 1940年，内维尔·张伯伦被迫辞职，丘吉尔出任首相兼国防部长。他在第二次世界大战期间的广播讲话给了英国人民赢得战争的坚定决心，特别是在巨大危机时期。丘吉尔领导的保守党在1945年大选中落败，但丘吉尔在1951年至1955年再次出任首相，80岁时退休。1953年，他被封为爵士，同年获得诺贝尔奖。文学。丘吉尔也是一位技艺精湛的画家。他因抽大雪茄并做出“胜利”手势而闻名。他经常被简单地称为“维尼”，在英国和美国都受到人们的热烈怀念。 1963年，国会授予他美国荣誉公民的称号。另请参见不列颠之战“除了热血、辛劳、泪水和汗水，我什么也贡献不了”温斯顿·丘吉尔谈成为首相