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单词 struggle
释义

strug·gle

verb
 
/ˈstrʌɡl/
/ˈstrʌɡl/
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they struggle
/ˈstrʌɡl/
/ˈstrʌɡl/
he / she / it struggles
/ˈstrʌɡlz/
/ˈstrʌɡlz/
past simple struggled
/ˈstrʌɡld/
/ˈstrʌɡld/
past participle struggled
/ˈstrʌɡld/
/ˈstrʌɡld/
-ing form struggling
/ˈstrʌɡlɪŋ/
/ˈstrʌɡlɪŋ/
Phrasal Verbs
  1.  
     [intransitive] to try very hard to do something when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems奋斗；努力；争取
    • life as a struggling artist (= one who is very poor)艺术家拮据的生活
    • struggle for something Shona struggled for breath.肖纳艰难地喘着气。
    • a country struggling for independence为独立而奋斗的国家
    • struggle to do something The firm is struggling to cope with the demand for its products.该公司正奋力满足对其产品的需求。
    • Local workers were still struggling to find employment.当地的工人仍然就业困难。
    • Most social enterprises struggle to survive.大部分社会企业都在挣扎中求生存。
    • We're already struggling to keep up with demand. 我们已经在努力满足需求。
    • They struggled just to pay their bills.他们辛苦所得仅敷日用。
    • She struggled for 10 years to achieve success as an actress.她奋斗了10年，才取得了演员的成功。
    • I was unemployed and struggling financially.我失业了，经济上捉襟见肘。
    • The housing market continues to struggle.房地产市场继续陷入困境。
    Extra Examples
    • For years, she struggled to make ends meet.多年来她精打细算，量入为出。
    • He was really struggling in geometry.几何他确实学得很吃力。
    • I'm really struggling with this essay.这篇文章让我很费劲。
    • The family struggled through the next few years.全家人在此后几年生活艰难。
    • The team struggled badly last season.该队上个赛季吃尽了苦头。
    • They had struggled valiantly to keep the railway operating.他们为维持铁路运营而进行了英勇斗争。
    • He struggled desperately to get to the shore.他拚命向岸边游去。
    • He struggled hard to keep the boat upright.他奋力使船保持笔直。
    Topics Difficulty and failureb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • desperately
    • hard
    • manfully
    • …
    verb + struggle
    • have to
    preposition
    • against
    • along
    • down
    • …
    phrases
    • struggle to your feet
  2.  
     [intransitive] + adv./prep. to move somewhere or do something with difficulty艰难地行进；吃力地进行
    • I struggled up the hill with the heavy bags.我背着几个沉重的包吃力地爬上山去。
    • Paul struggled out of his wheelchair.保罗挣扎着下了轮椅。
    • She had to struggle into the tight dress.她不得不挣扎着穿上紧身连衣裙。
    Extra Examples
    • She struggled to her feet and set off after him.她挣扎着站起来，跟着他出发了。
    • The small boat struggled against the waves.小船在波涛中艰难行进。
    Topics Difficulty and failureb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • badly
    • really
    • clearly
    • …
    preposition
    • through
    • with
    phrases
    • struggle to make ends meet
  3.  
     [intransitive] to fight against somebody/something in order to prevent a bad situation or result斗争；抗争
    • Chloe continued to struggle, but her eyes began to close.克洛伊继续挣扎，但她的眼睛开始闭上。
    • struggle against somebody/something He struggled against cancer for two years.他同癌症抗争了两年。
    • We should all struggle against injustice.我们都应该同非正义作斗争。
    • struggle with somebody/something I have been struggling with injury for a couple of years.我与伤病抗争了几年了。
    • I am struggling with the same issues that other people are.我和其他人一样面临着同样的问题。
    • Lisa struggled with her conscience before talking to the police.莉萨经过一番良心上的斗争，终于对警方说了。
  4.  
     [intransitive] to fight somebody or try to get away from them搏斗；扭打；挣扎脱身
    • I struggled and screamed for help.我挣扎着，高声呼救。
    • struggle with somebody James was hit in the mouth as he struggled with the raiders.詹姆斯在同几个劫匪搏斗时嘴上挨了打。
    • + adj. How did she manage to struggle free?她是怎么逃脱的？
    Extra Examples
    • She struggled furiously but could not get away.她拚命挣扎，但无法挣脱。
    • She struggled against her attacker.她与攻击她的人搏斗。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • fiercely
    • furiously
    • violently
    • …
    preposition
    • against
    • with
    phrases
    • struggle free
  5. [intransitive] to compete or argue with somebody/something, especially in order to get something争夺；辩论
    • struggle for something rival leaders struggling for power互相对立的领导人争夺权力
    • struggle with somebody/something (for something) countries struggling with each other for economic and military advantage各国为了经济和军事优势而相互斗争
    Extra Examples
    • The two men struggled for control of the party.两人在争夺该党的控制权。
    • The firms are struggling for market share.那些公司在争夺市场份额。
    Topics Opinion and argumentb2
    6. Word Originlate Middle English: frequentative, perhaps of imitative origin. The noun dates from the late 17th cent.

strug·gle

noun
 
/ˈstrʌɡl/
/ˈstrʌɡl/
  1.  
     [countable] a hard fight in which people try to obtain or achieve something, especially something that somebody else does not want them to have斗争；奋斗；努力
    • Marx wrote about the class struggle.马克思论证了阶级斗争。
    • She played a very important role during the freedom struggle.她在自由斗争中发挥了非常重要的作用。
    • struggle for something a struggle for independence争取独立的斗争
    • Three teams are locked in a struggle for this year's title.三支球队正在争夺今年的冠军。
    • struggle against something They took up the struggle against racism.他们加入了与种族主义的斗争。
    • struggle with something her struggle with cancer她与癌症的斗争
    • struggle (with somebody) (to do something) He is engaged in a bitter struggle with his rival to get control of the company.为取得对公司的控制权，他正同对手进行一场激烈的斗争。
    • struggle between A and B an ongoing power struggle between president and prime minister 总统与首相之间正在进行的权力斗争
    • the struggle between good and evil正邪之争
    • She will not give up her children without a struggle.她不会轻易放弃自己的孩子。
    Synonyms campaigncampaignbattle ▪ struggle ▪ drive ▪ war ▪ fightThese are all words for an effort made to achieve or prevent something.campaign a series of planned activities that are intended to achieve a particular social, commercial or political aim:
    • the campaign for parliamentary reform要求议会进行改革的运动
    • an advertising campaign 广告宣传运动（以推销某产品）
    battle a competition or argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control:
    • She finally won the legal battle for compensation.她终于赢得了这场要求赔偿的法律斗争。
    • the endless battle between man and nature人与自然之间无休止的斗争
    struggle a competition or argument between people or groups of people trying to win power or control:
    • the struggle for independence为独立的斗争
    • the struggle between good and evil正邪之争
     battle or struggle?A struggle is always about things that seem absolutely necessary, such as life and death or freedom. A battle can also be about things that are not absolutely necessary, just desirable, or about the pleasure of winning: the battle/​struggle between good and evil • a legal struggle for compensation • a struggle of wills/​wits. drive an organized effort by a group of people to achieve something:
    • the drive for greater efficiency为提高效率而作出的努力
    • a drive to reduce energy consumption为减少能源消耗而发起的运动
     campaign or drive?A campaign is usually aimed at getting other people to do something; a drive may be an attempt by people to get themselves to do something: From today, we’re going on an economy drive (= we must spend less). A campaign may be larger, more formal and more organized than a drive.war [sing.] an effort over a long period of time to get rid of or stop something bad:
    • the war against crime反犯罪活动的斗争
    fight [sing.] the work of trying to stop or prevent something bad or achieve something good; an act of competing, especially in a sport:
    • Workers won their fight to stop compulsory redundancies.工人在阻止强制性裁员的斗争中取得了胜利。
     war or fight?A war is about stopping things, like drugs and crime, that everyone agrees are bad. A fight can be about achieving justice for yourself.Patterns
    • a campaign/​battle/​struggle/​drive/​war/​fight against something
    • a campaign/​battle/​struggle/​drive/​fight for something
    • a one-man/​one-woman/​personal campaign/​battle/​struggle/​war
    • a bitter campaign/​battle/​struggle/​drive/​war/​fight
    • to launch/​embark on a campaign/​battle/​drive
    • to lead/​continue the campaign/​battle/​struggle/​drive/​fight
    • to win/​lose a battle/​struggle/​war/​fight
    Extra Examples
    • I've given up the struggle to keep my house clean.我已不再坚持要保持房子整洁了。
    • The UN supported what it saw as the just struggle of an oppressed people.联合国支持其认定的被压迫民族的正义斗争。
    • The author illustrates the inner struggles of this complicated woman.作者描绘了这个复杂女性的内心斗争。
    • a struggle over the property财产之争
    • species engaged in a life-or-death struggle with the environment与环境进行生死斗争的物种
    • the daily struggle for survival为生存而进行的日复一日的奋斗
    • the long struggle for democracy争取民主的长期斗争
    • the struggle against fascism反法西斯斗争
    • a leadership struggle领导权之争
    Topics Opinion and argumentb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • epic
    • great
    • life-and-death
    • …
    verb + struggle
    • begin
    • end
    • join
    • …
    struggle + verb
    • ensue
    • take place
    • continue
    • …
    preposition
    • in a/​the struggle
    • without a struggle
    • struggle against
    • …
    phrases
    • a sign of a struggle
    • years of struggle
  2.  
     [countable] a physical fight between two people or groups of people, especially when one of them is trying to escape, or to get something from the other搏斗；扭打；（尤指）抢夺，挣扎脱身
    • There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene.在谋杀现场没有打斗痕迹。
    • After a short struggle, I managed to get the knife away from him.经过一番挣扎，我终于把刀从他手中夺走了。
    • struggle with somebody He was involved in a struggle with the police.他卷进了一场与警察的打斗之中。
    • struggle against somebody The group supported the armed struggle against the dictator.该组织支持与独裁者进行武装斗争。
    Synonyms fightfightclash ▪ brawl ▪ struggle ▪ scuffleThese are all words for a situation in which people try to defeat each other using physical force.fight a situation in which two or more people try to defeat each other using physical force:
    • He got into a fight with a man in the bar.他在酒吧里和一个男人斗殴。
    clash (journalism) a short fight between two groups of people:
    • Clashes broke out between police and demonstrators.警方与示威者发生了冲突。
    brawl a noisy and violent fight involving a group of people, usually in a public place:
    • a drunken brawl in a bar在酒吧里酒后闹事
    struggle a fight between two people or groups of people, especially when one of them is trying to escape, or to get something from the other:
    • There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene.在谋杀现场没有打斗痕迹。
    scuffle a short and not very violent fight or struggle:
    • He was involved in a scuffle with a photographer.他和一名摄影记者发生了肢体冲撞。
    Patterns
    • a fight/​clash/​brawl/​struggle/​scuffle over something
    • in a fight/​brawl/​struggle/​scuffle
    • a violent fight/​clash/​struggle
    • to be in/​get into/​be involved in a fight/​clash/​brawl/​scuffle
    • a fight/​clash/​brawl/​scuffle breaks out
    Extra Examples
    • If someone snatched your bag, would you put up a struggle?要是有人抢你的包，你会奋起反抗吗？
    • One of the guards was hurt in the struggle.一名保安在打斗中负伤。
    • There were the sounds of a desperate struggle.拚死搏斗的声音不绝于耳。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • epic
    • great
    • life-and-death
    • …
    verb + struggle
    • begin
    • end
    • join
    • …
    struggle + verb
    • ensue
    • take place
    • continue
    • …
    preposition
    • in a/​the struggle
    • without a struggle
    • struggle against
    • …
    phrases
    • a sign of a struggle
    • years of struggle
  3.  
     [singular] something that is difficult for you to do or achieve难事 synonym effort
    • struggle to do something It was a real struggle to be ready on time.要按时做好准备确非易事。
    • They face an uphill struggle to get to the finals of the competition.要进入决赛，他们面临巨大的挑战。
    Extra Examples
    • It was a bit of a struggle for me to get there so early.这么早赶到那里，对我来说有点儿费劲儿。
    • It will be an uphill struggle to maintain exports at the current level.保持现有的出口水平将需要艰苦的努力。
    • We had a real struggle to get everything into the suitcase.我们费了好大的劲儿，才把所有东西塞进手提箱里。
    Topics Difficulty and failureb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • great
    • hard
    • real
    • …
    verb + struggle
    • face
    • have
    • give up
    • …
    phrases
    • a bit of a struggle
    4. Word Originlate Middle English: frequentative, perhaps of imitative origin. The noun dates from the late 17th cent.
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