back
noun/bæk/
/bæk/
Idioms enlarge image
(人体或动物的)背部,背;腰背 - on your back He was lying on his back on the sofa.
他仰面躺在沙发上。 - Do you sleep on your back or your front?
你睡觉是仰着还是趴着? - with your back to somebody/something She was standing with her back to the camera so you can't see her face.
她当时背对摄像机站着,所以你看不到她的脸。 - behind your back They had their hands tied behind their backs.
他们双手被反剪起来。 - at your back They set off with the wind at their backs (= behind them).
他们乘着风出发了。 - your lower/upper back
你的下/上背部 - in your/the back I have a nagging pain in my lower back.
我后腰老是疼。 - Most of the victims were shot in the back.
大多数受害者都是背部中枪的。 - a bad (= painful) back
背痛 - I pulled (= injured the muscles in) my back playing squash.
我打壁球时拉伤了背部肌肉。 - She was laid up with severe back pain.
她因严重的背痛而卧床不起。 - A small boy rode on the elephant's back.
一个小男孩骑在大象背上。
Collocations Physical appearancePhysical appearancesee also bareback, horseback- A person may be described as having:
- (bright) blue/green/(dark/light) brown/hazel eyes
- deep-set/sunken/bulging/protruding eyes
- small/beady/sparkling/twinkling/(informal) shifty eyes
- piercing/penetrating/steely eyes
- bloodshot/watery/puffy eyes
- bushy/thick/dark/raised/arched eyebrows
- long/dark/thick/curly/false eyelashes/lashes
- a flat/bulbous/pointed/sharp/snub nose
- a straight/a hooked/a Roman/(formal) an aquiline nose
- full/thick/thin/pouty lips
- dry/chapped/cracked lips
- flushed/rosy/red/ruddy/pale cheeks
- soft/chubby/sunken cheeks
- white/perfect/crooked/protruding teeth
- a large/high/broad/wide/sloping forehead
- a strong/weak/pointed/double chin
- a long/full/bushy/wispy/goatee beard
- a long/thin/bushy/droopy/handlebar/pencil moustache
- pale/fair/olive/dark/tanned skin
- dry/oily/smooth/rough/leathery/wrinkled skin
- a dark/pale/light/sallow/ruddy/olive/swarthy/clear complexion
- deep/fine/little/facial wrinkles
- blonde/blond/fair/(light/dark) brown/(jet-)black/auburn/red/(British English) ginger/grey hair
- straight/curly/wavy/frizzy/spiky hair
- thick/thin/fine/bushy/thinning hair
- dyed/bleached/soft/silky/dry/greasy/shiny hair
- long/short/shoulder-length/cropped hair
- a bald/balding/shaved head
- a receding hairline
- a bald patch/spot
- a side/centre(British English) parting
- a long/short/thick/slender/(disapproving) scrawny neck
- broad/narrow/sloping/rounded/hunched shoulders
- a bare/broad/muscular/small/large chest
- a flat/swollen/bulging stomach
- a small/tiny/narrow/slim/slender/28-inch waist
- big/wide/narrow/slim hips
- a straight/bent/arched/broad/hairy back
- thin/slender/muscular arms
- big/large/small/manicured/calloused/gloved hands
- long/short/fat/slender/delicate/bony fingers
- long/muscular/hairy/shapely/(both informal, often disapproving) skinny/spindly legs
- muscular/chubby/(informal, disapproving) flabby thighs
- big/little/small/dainty/wide/narrow/bare feet
- a good/a slim/a slender/an hourglass figure
- be of slim/medium/average/large/athletic/stocky build
Extra ExamplesTopics Bodya1- He stood with his back to the door.
他背对着门站着。 - a back massage
背部按摩 - He was carrying a small child on his back.
他背着一个小孩。 - They blindfolded him and tied his hands behind his back.
他们蒙上了他的眼睛,把他的手绑在背后。 - He was standing with his back to the fire.
他背对着炉火站着。 - He smiled and gave me a hearty slap on the back.
他笑了笑,亲切地拍了一下我的背。 - He yawned and stretched his back as he got out of bed.
他起床时打着哈欠伸着懒腰。 - The cat arched its back and hissed at the dog.
猫弓起身子,冲着狗咝咝地叫。 - He hunches his back when he walks.
他走路时背弓着。 - His back stiffened as he saw the photographers waiting.
看到摄影师等着,他挺直了身板。 - He leaned his back against the bar.
他背靠着吧台。 - He's in bed with a bad back.
他后背疼痛卧病在床。 - I was flat on my back for six weeks when I broke my leg.
我摔断腿后在床上躺了 6 周。 - She felt a sharp pain in the small of her back.
她感到腰部一阵剧痛。 - The sun beat down on their bare backs.
太阳火辣辣地照射在他们赤裸的背上。 - Would you give me a back rub?
你能给我按摩一下后背吗? - I need a seat with good back support.
我需要一个有良好靠背支撑的座椅。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- broad
- slender
- muscular
- …
- bend
- hunch
- straighten
- …
- arch
- stiffen
- straighten
- …
- injury
- pain
- trouble
- …
- behind somebody’s back
- flat on your back
- on your back
- …
- somebody’s back is turned
- back to back
- a pat on the back
- …
- on your back He was lying on his back on the sofa.
synonym backbone, spine脊柱;脊梁骨 - She broke her back in a riding accident.
她在一次骑马事故中摔断了脊梁骨。 - He spent six months recovering from a broken back.
他脊柱骨折,花了六个月时间康复。 - He put his back out (= dislocated something in his back) lifting the crates.
他搬大木箱时脊椎脱了臼。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- broad
- slender
- muscular
- …
- bend
- hunch
- straighten
- …
- arch
- stiffen
- straighten
- …
- injury
- pain
- trouble
- …
- behind somebody’s back
- flat on your back
- on your back
- …
- somebody’s back is turned
- back to back
- a pat on the back
- …
- She broke her back in a riding accident.
后部;后面;末尾 - She was hit on the back of the head.
她的后脑部被击中。 - He kicked the ball straight into the back of the net.
他把球直接踢进了网窝。 - The man was refusing to go to the back of the queue.
那个人拒绝到后面排队。 - at the back The house has three bedrooms at the front and two at the back.
房屋正面有三间卧室,后面两间。 - We could only get seats at the back (= of a room).
我们只能找到后排的座位。 - in the back (British English) There's room for three people in the back (= of a car, etc.).
后排的空间可容三人。 - in back (North American English) There's room for three people in back.
后排的空间可容三人。 - around the back Come around the back (= to the area behind the house) and I'll show you the garden.
到房子后面来,我带你看看花园。
Which Word? at the back / at the rear / behindat the back / at the rear / behind- At the back and at the rear have a similar meaning, but at the rear is used more in formal or official language:
- What’s that at the back of the fridge?
冰箱尽里头那东西是什么? - Smoking is only allowed at the rear of the aircraft.
只有飞机后舱允许抽烟。
- Our room was at the back of the hotel
我们的房间在旅馆靠后面的地方。
- There’s a lovely wood just behind our hotel
在我们旅馆的后面就有一片美丽的树林。
- What’s that at the back of the fridge?
Extra Examples- He was shot in the back of the knee.
他膝盖后面中弹。 - I found some old photos at the back of the drawer.
我在抽屉后面发现了一些旧照片。 - They were sitting in the back of the truck.
他们坐在卡车后面。 - My money's all fallen down the back of the cushion.
我的钱都从垫子后面掉下去了。 - The cup had been pushed to the back of the cupboard.
杯子给推到橱柜后部去了。 - Two passengers sat in the back of the car.
两名乘客坐在轿车的后排。
Oxford Collocations Dictionarypreposition- around back
- around the back
- round the back
- …
- back to front
- She was hit on the back of the head.
(文件等的)背面 - on the back Take a card and write your name on the back.
拿一张卡片,在背面写上你的名字。 - on the back of something He scribbled some figures on the back of an envelope.
他在信封背面潦草地写了一些数字。
- on the back Take a card and write your name on the back.
(书等的)最后几页,末尾 - at the back (of something) The television guide is at the back of the paper.
电视节目指南在报纸的末尾。 - in the back (of something) The answer key is in the back of the book.
答案就在书的后面。 - towards the back (of something) The article I mentioned is in that magazine—towards the back I think.
我提到的那篇文章是在那本杂志上的——我想是在背面。 - The arts page is usually towards the back of the newspaper.
艺术版通常排在报纸的后几版。
- at the back (of something) The television guide is at the back of the paper.
- the part of a chair, etc. against which you lean your back
enlarge image
(椅子等的)靠背 - (in adjectives) used to describe furniture that has the type of back mentioned
(家具)…靠背的 - a high-backed sofa
高靠背沙发
- a high-backed sofa
- (in some sports) a player whose main role is to defend their team’s goal
compare forward see also full back, half back后卫
part of body
part furthest from front
of piece of paper
of book
of chair
-backed
in sport
Word OriginOld English bæc, of Germanic origin; related to Middle Dutch and Old Norse bak. The adverb use dates from late Middle English and is a shortening of aback.
Idioms
at/in the back of your mind
- if a thought, etc. is at the back of your mind, you are aware of it but it is not what you are mainly thinking about
在潜意识里;依稀记得 - At the back of my mind was a small, warning voice, telling me it was wrong.
我的脑海深处有一个微小的警告声音,告诉我这是错误的。 - The problem was always at the back of my mind.
这个问题我一直记着。
- At the back of my mind was a small, warning voice, telling me it was wrong.
somebody's back is turned
- when somebody's back is turned they are not present and not able to see what is happening
当某人不在场的时候 - Officers are ready to issue a parking ticket as soon as a driver's back is turned.
一旦司机转身,警察就准备开出停车罚单。
- Officers are ready to issue a parking ticket as soon as a driver's back is turned.
the back of beyond
- (informal) a place that is a long way from other houses, towns, etc.
偏僻地方;边远地区 - We stayed in some farmhouse in the back of beyond.
我们住在后面的一些农舍里。
- We stayed in some farmhouse in the back of beyond.
(on the) back of an envelope
- used to talk about planning or calculating something in a way that is not detailed, exact or complete
未经慎密思考的 - We added up our savings on the back of an envelope.
我们把我们的积蓄写在信封背面。 - back-of-the-envelope calculations
粗略计算
- We added up our savings on the back of an envelope.
back to back
- if two people stand or sit back to back, they stand or sit with their backs facing or touching each other
背靠背;背对背 - The children sat back to back so they couldn't see each others' drawings.
孩子背对背坐着, 以免看见彼此的画。
- The children sat back to back so they couldn't see each others' drawings.
- if two or more things happen back to back, they happen one after the other
接连地;接二连三 - The team had to play three games back to back.
球队必须背靠背打三场比赛。
- The team had to play three games back to back.
back to front (British English)
(North American English backwards)
- if you put on a piece of clothing back to front, you make a mistake and put the back where the front should be
(衣服)前后颠倒(或前后穿反) - I think you've got that sweater on back to front.
我觉得你把毛衣前后穿反了。
- I think you've got that sweater on back to front.
be glad, etc. to see the back of somebody/something
- (informal, especially British English) to be happy that you will not have to deal with or see somebody/something again because you do not like them or it
庆幸终于摆脱(不喜欢的人或事物) - Was I pleased to see the back of her!
真高兴不会再见到她了! - I can’t wait to see the back of that old car.
我迫不及待地想看看那辆旧车的后面。
- Was I pleased to see the back of her!
behind somebody’s back
- without somebody’s knowledge or permission
背着某人;背地里;私下 - Have you been talking about me behind my back?
你们是不是在背后说我的闲话? - They went ahead and sold it behind my back.
他们径自背着我把它卖了。 - People say bad things about him behind his back, but never to his face.
人们在背后说他的坏话,但从不当面说。
- Have you been talking about me behind my back?
be on somebody’s back
- (informal) to keep asking or telling somebody to do something that they do not want to do, in a way that they find annoying
缠磨;烦扰 - He’s still on my back about that money I borrowed.
他仍然对我借的钱耿耿于怀。
- He’s still on my back about that money I borrowed.
break the back of something
- to finish the largest or most important part of a task
完成(任务等的)主要部分 - I want to break the back of this translation before the weekend.
我想在周末之前把这个翻译的背部打破。
- I want to break the back of this translation before the weekend.
cover your back (informal)
(North American English also cover your ass offensive, slang)
- to realize that you may be blamed or criticized for something later and take action to avoid this
粉饰污点;防止可预见的指责 - Get everything in writing in order to cover your back.
一切都要立字为据,以绝后患。
- Get everything in writing in order to cover your back.
get/put somebody’s back up
- (informal) to annoy somebody
激怒,招惹(某人) - That sort of attitude really gets my back up!
那种态度实在叫我恼火!
- That sort of attitude really gets my back up!
get off somebody’s back
- (informal) to stop annoying somebody, for example by criticizing them, or asking them to do something
不再烦扰某人(如停止批评或缠磨等) - Just get off my back, will you!
请别烦我了好吗!
- Just get off my back, will you!
have (got) somebody’s back
- (North American English, informal) to protect and support somebody
保护,支持(某人) - Don't worry, I've got your back.
别担心,我支持你。 - I’m loyal and I’ve got your back.
我很忠诚,我会支持你。
- Don't worry, I've got your back.
have your back to the wall
- (informal) to be in a difficult situation in which you are forced to do something but are unable to make the choices that you would like
处于背水一战的境地;没有退路 - We had our backs to the wall with no choice but to sell.
我们走投无路,别无选择,只能卖掉。
- We had our backs to the wall with no choice but to sell.
have eyes in the back of your head
- to be aware of everything that is happening around you, even things that seem difficult or impossible to see
脑后长眼;眼光敏锐;什么都能觉察到 - You can’t get away with anything in her class. She has eyes in the back of her head.
在她的课堂上你无法逃脱任何惩罚。她的后脑勺长着眼睛。
- You can’t get away with anything in her class. She has eyes in the back of her head.
know somebody/something inside out | know somebody/something like the back of your hand
- (informal) to be very familiar with somebody/something
(对…)极为熟悉,了如指掌 - This is where I grew up. I know this area like the back of my hand.
我在这儿长大的,我对这地方再熟悉不过了。
- This is where I grew up. I know this area like the back of my hand.
the last/final straw | the straw that breaks the camel’s back
- the last in a series of bad events, etc. that makes it impossible for you to accept a situation any longer
压垮骆驼的最后一根稻草;终于使人不堪忍受的最后一件事(或因素等)
make a rod for your own back
- to do something that will cause problems for you in the future
Topics Difficulty and failurec2自找麻烦;自讨苦吃
off the back of something (informal)
- immediately after something
就在…之后;一…就 - They come into this game off the back of a 1–0 defeat to Chelsea.
他们刚以 0 比 1 输给切尔西队就去参加这场比赛。
- They come into this game off the back of a 1–0 defeat to Chelsea.
off/on the back of something
- as a result of an achievement or a success
由于(某项成就) - The profits growth came on the back of a 26 per cent rise in sales.
利润增长来自 26% 的销售额增长。
- The profits growth came on the back of a 26 per cent rise in sales.
off the back of a lorry
- (British English, informal, humorous) goods that fell off the back of a lorry were probably stolen. People say or accept that they came ‘off the back of a lorry’ to avoid saying or asking where they really came from.
(指货物等)来路不明
(flat) on your back
- (informal) in bed because you are ill
因病卧床;卧病 - She's been flat on her back for over a week now.
她卧病有一个多星期了。 - (figurative) The UK market was flat on its back (= business was very bad).
(当时)英国的市场十分不景气。
- She's been flat on her back for over a week now.
a pat on the back (for something/for doing something)
- (informal) praise or approval for something that you have done well
表扬;赞许 - He deserves a pat on the back for all his hard work.
他工作兢兢业业,值得嘉许。 - Give yourself a pat on the back!
表扬一下自己吧!
- He deserves a pat on the back for all his hard work.
pat somebody/yourself on the back
- (informal) to praise somebody or yourself for doing something well
表扬,称赞(某人或自己)
push something to the back of your mind
- to try to forget about something unpleasant
刻意忘掉(不愉快的事);把…丢到脑后 - I tried to push the thought to the back of my mind.
我尽量把这个念头忘掉。
- I tried to push the thought to the back of my mind.
put your back into something
- to use a lot of effort and energy on a particular task
全力以赴
the shirt off somebody’s back
- anything that somebody has, including the things they really need themselves, that somebody else takes from them or they are willing to give
(别人拿走或自愿送掉的)全部家当 - He was the type of person who would give you the shirt off his back.
他是那种愿意把衬衫脱下来给你的人。
- He was the type of person who would give you the shirt off his back.
a stab in the back
- (informal) an act that harms somebody, done by a person they thought was a friend
背后捅刀子;对给予信任的人的陷害(或中伤) - Her refusal to support his campaign was a real stab in the back.
她拒绝支持他的竞选活动真是背后捅刀子。
- Her refusal to support his campaign was a real stab in the back.
stab somebody in the back
- to do or say something that harms somebody who trusts you
synonym betray在某人背后捅刀子;陷害(或中伤)信任你的人
turn your back
- to turn so that you are facing in the opposite direction
扭头;转身
turn your back on somebody/something
- to move so that you are standing or sitting with your back facing somebody/something
转身背对某人(或某物) - When on stage, try not to turn your back on the audience.
在舞台上尽量不要背对观众。
- When on stage, try not to turn your back on the audience.
- to reject somebody/something that you have previously been connected with
背弃;抛弃 - She turned her back on them when they needed her.
他们需要她的时候,她却背弃了他们。 - Some newspapers have turned their backs on discussion and argument.
有些报纸对讨论和争鸣置之不理。 - She decided to turn her back on Paris and return home.
她决定离开巴黎回家去。
- She turned her back on them when they needed her.
watch your back
- to protect yourself against danger
小心身后;当心危险 - She'd better watch her back if she wants to hold onto the top job.
如果她想保住一把手的位置,最好小心提防。
- She'd better watch her back if she wants to hold onto the top job.
(like) water off a duck’s back
- (informal) used to say that something, especially criticism, has no effect on somebody/something
(像)耳边风;水过鸭背 - I can't tell my son what to do; it's water off a duck's back with him.
我无法告诉我儿子该做什么,他根本听不进去。
- I can't tell my son what to do; it's water off a duck's back with him.
you scratch my back and I’ll scratch yours
- (saying) used to say that if somebody helps you, you will help them, even if this is unfair to others
礼尚往来;私相授受