nerve
noun/nɜːv/
/nɜːrv/
Idioms 
enlarge image[countable] any of the long fibres that carry messages between the brain and parts of the body, enabling you to move, feel pain, etc.神经 - the optic nerve
视神经 - He's off work with a trapped nerve in his neck.
他脖子上的神经卡住了，下班了。 - Every nerve in her body was tense.
她体内每一根神经都绷得紧紧的。 - The illness kills nerve cells and causes chronic fatigue.
这种疾病会杀死神经细胞并导致慢性疲劳。 - Pain occurs when the nerve fibres are damaged.
当神经纤维受损时就会出现疼痛。 - Signals are transmitted from the nerve endings to the brain.
信号从神经末梢传输到大脑。 - The disease can also cause nerve damage.
这种疾病还会导致神经损伤。
Extra ExamplesTopics Bodyb2, Biologyb2- Cutting the nerves to the stomach does not affect hunger.
切断通向胃部的神经不会影响饥饿感。 - He damaged a nerve in his spine.
他脊柱内有一根神经损伤了。 - I've trapped a nerve in my spine.
我脊柱上有一根神经受压迫了。 - Intense pain shot through every nerve in his body.
一阵剧痛袭向他全身的每一根神经。 - The message travels along the nerve to the brain.
信号沿神经传入大脑。 - The nerve runs from the eye to the brain.
这一神经连接眼睛和大脑。 - The nerves transmit pain.
这些神经传导痛觉。 - The vagus nerve controls heart rate and breathing.
迷走神经控制着心率和呼吸。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- pinched
- trapped
- sensitive
- …
- damage
- pinch
- strain
- …
- go
- lead
- run
- …
- bundle
- cell
- ending
- …
- along a/the nerve
- nerve in
- nerve to
- …
- every nerve in somebody’s body
- hit a nerve
- strike a (raw) nerve
- …
- the optic nerve
- nerves[plural] feelings of worry or stress
焦虑；神经紧张 - Even after years as a singer, he still suffers from nerves before a performance.
尽管已做歌手多年，他在演出前仍然神经紧张。 - I need something to calm my nerves.
我需要点东西来稳定一下我的情绪。 - to settle/soothe/steady your nerves
安定／抚慰／稳定你的情绪 - Everyone's nerves were on edge (= everyone felt tense).
大家都很紧张。 - He lives on his nerves (= is always worried).
他总是神经紧张。 - By the end of the meal her nerves were completely frayed.
吃完饭后，她的神经完全崩溃了。
Extra ExamplesTopics Feelingsb2- She took a few deep breaths to calm her nerves.
她做了几个深呼吸来稳定紧张情绪。 - Have some herbal tea to settle your nerves.
喝点花草茶来安抚神经。 - At the end of a day's teaching, her nerves were absolutely shattered.
教了一天课，她精疲力竭。 - Caring for him while he was so ill has been a great strain on her nerves.
照顾重病的他使她心力交瘁。 - He uncharacteristically allowed nerves to get the better of him in yesterday's game.
他在昨天的比赛中一反常态，显得很紧张。 - Her nerves were shot from all the things happening around her.
周遭发生的所有事情使得她的神经崩溃了。 - Her nerves were stretched to breaking point.
她的神经高度紧张，到了崩溃的边缘。 - His nerves jangled every time the phone rang.
电话每次一响，他的神经都要紧张一次。 - I had an attack of nerves just before I went on stage.
登台前那一刻我感到非常紧张。 - I'm not sure my nerves can stand another night like this.
我不确定我的神经能否再忍受这样的夜晚。 - I've never suffered from first-night nerves.
我从未有过初次登场的紧张。 - It gave me time to calm my jittery nerves before meeting her.
这让我在见她之前有时间稳定我紧张不安的神经。 - He lay awake, his nerves throbbing.
他躺着不能入睡，神经抽动 。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- exam
- first-night
- jittery
- …
- calm
- control
- ease
- …
- an attack of nerves
- a bag of nerves
- a bundle of nerves
- …
- Even after years as a singer, he still suffers from nerves before a performance.
- [uncountable] nerves [plural]the courage to do something difficult or dangerous
勇气；气魄 - It took a lot of nerve to take the company to court.
将这个公司告上法庭需要极大的勇气。 - I was going to have a go at parachuting but lost my nerve at the last minute.
我想尝试一下跳伞，可在最后关头却失去了勇气。 - He held his nerve to win the final set 6–4.
他鼓起勇气以6-4赢得了最后一盘。 - Investors largely kept their nerve and stayed with the company.
投资者基本上保持了镇静并继续持有该公司。 - It was an amazing journey which tested her nerves to the full.
这是一次奇妙的旅程，充分考验了她的神经。
Extra ExamplesTopics Personal qualitiesc2- You must find the nerve to ask for more money.
你必须鼓足勇气要求加薪。 - Steeling my nerve, I jumped the first bar.
我鼓起勇气跳过了第一道横杆。 - Singing in front of so many people was a real test of nerve.
在这么多人面前唱歌真是对一个人勇气的考验。 - At the last minute she almost lost her nerve.
在最后一刻她差点儿失去勇气。 - He kept his nerve to win a thrilling game.
他一直保持着勇气，在这场扣人心弦的比赛中取得了胜利。 - I didn't have the nerve to ask.
我没有勇气问。 - It took a lot of nerve to stand up and speak.
站出来说话是很需要勇气的。 - Skydiving is all right for people who've got the nerves for it.
对于有那种胆量的人来说，跳伞不算什么。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryverb + nerve- have
- lack
- lose
- …
- break
- fail (somebody)
- a failure of nerve
- a loss of nerve
- a test of nerve
- …
- It took a lot of nerve to take the company to court.
- [singular, uncountable] (informal) a way of behaving that other people think is rude or not appropriate
鲁莽；冒失；厚颜 - I don't know how you have the nerve to show your face after what you said!
真不知道你说了那些话以后怎么还有脸露面！ - He's got a nerve asking us for money!
他还觍着脸跟我们借钱！ - ‘Then she demanded to see the manager!’ ‘What a nerve!’
“她还要求见经理！”“真不要脸！” - He had some nerve to insult Mina's cooking.
他还好意思侮辱米娜的厨艺。
- I don't know how you have the nerve to show your face after what you said!
Word Originlate Middle English (also in the sense ‘tendon, sinew’): from Latin nervus; related to Greek neuron ‘nerve’ (see neuron).
Idioms
be a bag/bundle of nerves
- (informal) to be very nervous
非常紧张 - By the time of the interview, I was a bundle of nerves.
到面试时我十分紧张。
- By the time of the interview, I was a bundle of nerves.
get on somebody’s nerves
- (informal) to annoy somebody
激怒，招惹（某人） - That music is starting to get on my nerves.
那音乐开始让我心烦意乱。 - It really gets on my nerves when people talk loudly on the phone in public.
我真受不了别人在公共场所大声打电话。 - His endless whining really gets on my nerves.
他无休止的抱怨使我心情很烦躁。
- That music is starting to get on my nerves.
have nerves of steel
- to be able to remain calm in a difficult or dangerous situation
意志坚强；沉着冷静 - You need nerves of steel to be a good poker player.
要想成为优秀的纸牌选手，你就得沉着应战。
- You need nerves of steel to be a good poker player.
hit/touch/strike a (raw/sensitive) nerve
- to mention a subject that makes somebody feel angry, upset, embarrassed, etc.
触及要害；触动痛处 - You touched a raw nerve when you mentioned his first wife.
你谈起他的第一任妻子，这就触到了他的痛处。 - My remarks about divorce had unwittingly touched a raw nerve.
我关于离婚的言论无意间触到了别人的痛处。 - The article struck a raw nerve as it revived unpleasant memories.
这篇文章唤起了不愉快的回忆，触及痛处。
- You touched a raw nerve when you mentioned his first wife.
strain every nerve/sinew (to do something)
- to try as hard as you can to do something
竭尽全力（做某事） - He strained every nerve to snatch victory from defeat.
他竭尽全力从失败中夺取胜利。
- He strained every nerve to snatch victory from defeat.
strike a nerve (with somebody)
- to have a strong effect
影响强烈；直击心灵；触动神经 - His work strikes a nerve with people who are attracted to nostalgia.
他的作品对怀旧的人触动很大。 - It seems I struck a nerve with my last post about cell phones.
我上一篇有关手机的帖子似乎触动了人们的神经。 - Nissan may well strike a popular nerve here.
日产车会让这里的很多人心动。
- His work strikes a nerve with people who are attracted to nostalgia.
a war of nerves
- an attempt to defeat your opponents by putting pressure on them so that they lose courage or confidence
神经战（利用心理压力摧毁对方的斗志） - The union has been fighting a war of nerves with the management over pay.
工会一直在为薪酬的事与资方进行心理战。
- The union has been fighting a war of nerves with the management over pay.