harsh·ness
noun/ˈhɑːʃnəs/
/ˈhɑːrʃnəs/
[uncountable]- the fact of being cruel, severe and unkind
严酷：残酷、严厉和不友善 - The staff have been treated with undue harshness.
工作人员受到了过度严厉的对待。
- The staff have been treated with undue harshness.
- the fact in weather or living conditions of being very difficult and unpleasant to live in
恶劣：在天气或生活条件下，生活非常困难和不愉快 - the harshness of life on the streets
街头生活的艰苦
- the harshness of life on the streets
- the fact of being too strong and bright; the fact of being ugly or unpleasant to look at
刺眼：过于坚强和聪明的事实；丑陋或不讨人喜欢 - The harshness of the Queensland sun was of concern to the visitors.
昆士兰的刺眼阳光引起了游客的担忧。
- The harshness of the Queensland sun was of concern to the visitors.
- the fact of being unpleasant to listen to
刺耳：不好听 - The engine is designed for reduced noise, vibration and harshness.
该发动机的设计旨在降低噪音、振动和声振粗糙度。
- The engine is designed for reduced noise, vibration and harshness.
- the fact of being too strong and rough and likely to damage something
苛刻：太强、太粗糙并可能损坏某物 - The tobacco industry adds flavours to relieve the harshness of the smoke.
烟草业添加香料以减轻烟雾的刺激性。
- The tobacco industry adds flavours to relieve the harshness of the smoke.