| 单词 | backward integration |
| 释义 | backward integration noun[U] ukusasituationin which acompanycontrolsthesupplyofgoodsandservicesitneedsbybuyingthecompanythatsuppliesthem, or by going into the samebusinessas thatcompany: Theadvantagesofbackwardintegrationincludeassuranceof thepricing,quality, andavailabilityofsupplies. Examplesofbackward integrationbackward integration The company produces steel and power throughbackwardintegrationfrom its own captive coal and iron-ore mines. From Wikipedia  This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license.Backwardintegrationis whereby a firm grows towards its source of supply for example a food outlet acquiring a food manufacturing outlet. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license.The primary reason for this change was the company's foray into hydro and nuclear based power generation along withbackwardintegrationby coal mining. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license.That was in fact the beginning of thebackwardintegrationstrategy of the carpet industry. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license.Other procurement advantages could come from preferential access to raw materials, orbackwardintegration. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license.Today, the existing retail has not been able to supply fresh vegetables to the consumers because they have not invested in thebackwardintegration. From Wikipedia This example is from Wikipedia and may be reused under a CC BY-SA license.Nevertheless, for fast desired joint motions, thebackwardintegrationof the elastic dynamics, yields more important initial elastic positions/velocities values. From theCambridge English Corpus Forward andbackwardintegrationby agricultural cooperatives makes quality control in these cases less costly. From theCambridge English Corpus These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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