One species of tree replaces another as a forest ages.
随着森林老化,一种树会取代另一种树。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
2
Shifts in forestspecies composition ramify through the ecosystem in many ways because tree species have different, often unique properties.
由于树种具有不同的、往往是独特的特性,森林物种组成的变化以多种方式影响着生态系统。
3
Long-term effects are primarily mediated by changes in treespecies composition and the consequent alterations of forest structure, productivity, and nutrient uptake.