Moreover, despite the obvious role of contraception as a proximate determinant of fertility, the additional effect of contraceptive availability or family planning on fertility is quantitatively small and explains very little cross country variation.
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2.
In Kenya, for example, as a result of diminished financial support for family planning and increasing fertility, the country's projected population in 2050 is set to reach 83m, from 54m.
ECONOMIST: Population booms, and busts
3.
And in Iran, public policy and investment in family-planning services made the difference between rising fertility between 1979 and 1984 and falling fertility thereafter, not the rise in national incomes, nor female education.