Instead, spent fuel rods in the U.S. are currently stored in underground pools of water or in dry-cask storage, where older fuel is put into steel cans filled with inert gas and then stored in silos.

The sensible heat given by gas is used to preheat and dry fuel.

The innovation using the natural gas to air as fuel to provide the heater in place of middle pressure dry gas in one crude oil stabilization plant is introduced in this paper.