In a case of short limb malformation, the perinodal loops were thinner, there were more desmosome strings between the loops.

Results At the 10th week after constriction, the structure of cadherin, desmosome and gap junction in intercalated discs were destroyed, gap of intercellular space widened.

At three points along the way there are specialized junctions: (1) zonula occludens or tight junctions, (2) zonula adherens or intermediate junction, and (3) desmosome or macula adherens.