This paper comprehensively summarizes the characteristics of seismic damage to subway structure, including subway stations, cut-and-cover tunnel lines and shield tunnel lines.

Considering the thick backfill and soft foundation soil in the cut-and-cover section of Jiadi tunnel, a pile-raft foundation is accepted in order to avoid negative effect due to excessive settlement.

We boil and mash them and cover them in butter, or we cut them into strips, deep-fry them and cover them with salt.