Colombian neuroscientist Ricardo Dolmetsch, on leave from Stanford, heads up another challenge: using stem cells to figure out what the brain is made of.

FORBES: Inside Paul Allen's Quest To Reverse Engineer The Brain

Ricardo Dolmetsch, a researcher at Stanford University and the Allen Institute for Brain Sciences, is using stem cell technology to study how the neurons of people with autism differ from those of other people.

FORBES: More Prenatal Vitamins Could Mean Less Autism, Study Says