Fractional reserve banking as it was called was possible if most of the Banks engaged in this practice together so it did not much matter if money "created" by one bank was deposited with another.

The deflocculated sludge reduced the effective filtration area, which resulted from the deposition of colloidal particles and soluble matter that deposited on the membrane pores.

On the process of vacuum-deposited Al on organic coat, the film quality is affected dy gases from the organic volatile matter and water vapour in the coat.