By 1890, Herman Hollerith, an American engineer, had perfected the first data-processingmachine to use punched CARDS.
由1890年，邱礼霍列瑞斯，一名美国工程师，有完善的第一个数据处理设备使用拳打卡。
2
If the data transfer is on the same machine, it could still go through the network protocol and includes all the processing required to manipulate the packets.
如果数据是在同一机器上传送的，它可能仍然要通过网络协议，并且包括操作数据包所需的所有处理。
3
As each block of data representing a customer arrives in the local machine for processing, it is placed temporarily in a staging directory.