By 1967, dual-purpose ships, carrying loose cargo in the hold and containers on the deck, were giving way to all-container vessels that moved thousands of boxes at a time.

As a result of this study, a container ship Huayuankou was converted into an aviation training ship, with its aft deck becoming a helicopter flight deck.

Both the three-dimensional potential theories and thin-walled beam theories are applied to the hydroelastic analysis of container ships with large deck openings in this paper.