The General solutions of space-charge flow and electrode shape are given in the crossedelectricandmagnetic fields electrode system in which the cathode operates under arbitrary condition.
给出了在正交场中，阴极处于任意工作状态下，求空间电荷流和电极形状的普遍解。
2
The second order ion trajectories in crossed toroidal electricand inhomogeneous magnetic fields are derived by means of the Fermat's principle and expressed in energy deviation.