Coupled Volterra type integral equation systems for ultimate ruin probability, severity of ruin and joint distributionofsurplus before and after ruin are also obtained.
对于毕竟破产概率,结合维他里型积分方程系统,得到了破产的严重性以及破产前和后的剩余额的联合分布。
2
The nature of an enterprise is the creation and distributionof "cooperative surplus", while the distributionof cooperative surplus is decided by negotiable capability of the element owners.
企业的本质在于合作剩余的创造和分配,而合作剩余索取权配置取决于要素所有者拥有的谈判力的强弱。
3
It is wrong to owe the source ofsurplus value to materialized Labour and regard it as the theoretical base ofdistribution.