These officials usually have discretionary authority over who gets the import licenses under a quota system, and they can use this power to their advantage (e. g. , by taking bribes).

Similarly, a family can set aside a pool of discretionary funds over which the next generation has spending authority.

Fine-granularity discretionary access control based on Access Control List (ACL) may grant authority to one user or group, but it may grant unapt authority or remove authority not timely.