The relationship of the ground state, soliton and polaron excitations with the net-charges in doped polyacetylene chains and with the counterion potentials were studied.
在给定掺杂离子浓度下，研究了聚乙炔链的基态，孤子，极化子等非线性激发态与链上净电荷之间的关系。
2
Salts usually dissociate in aqueoussolution and the therapeutic moiety is no longer associated with the counterion but is rather surrounded by solvent molecules and ions present in thesolution.