The mass transfer equation was introduced into heat transfer model of falling film evaporation. The radial velocity, mass diffusion coefficient and variation of film thickness were taken into account.

Vacuum cooling is a complicated heat and mass transfer process supported by various theories such as diffusion, heat transfer, mass transfer and phase change.

However, to date porous MOFs are still largely restricted to the microporous regime despite negative impact of their small pore size on diffusion and mass transfer for their practical applications.