Once the attack begins, websites can try to trace the sudden flood of traffic back to the source computer and filter it out, but even that's a complex process.
一旦攻击开始，网站可以尝试追踪突发洪水般的流量找到源计算机并对此加以过滤，但这是一个复杂的过程。
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In a complex society, it was difficult to detect widespread outbreaks, let alone trace those outbreaks to a specific source. PFGE changed everything.