The elastic rigidity of rail pad and ballast stiffness of rail and clamping force of fastener are the main factors that cause the widening of gauge.
钢轨垫层和道床的刚度、轨刚度和扣件扣压力是影响轮轨之间作用力和轨距扩大的主要因素。
2
Ballast water is the main invasion way of alien aquatic organisms. The complex effects caused by the aquatic organisms via ballast water have attracted world wide attention.
外来海洋生物主要是通过船舶压载水入侵，造成的影响极其复杂，已经引起了世界各国的广泛关注。
3
We have used the ballast pump instead of the main sea water pump which was leaking , we are going to have the bad pump dismantled and repaired .