The cardiac rupture must be considered, if the massive pericardiac fluid or pleural effusion were found in the chest X -ray film after thoracic penetrating wounds;
穿透性损伤在X光平片如发现大量心包积液或并有胸腔积液者，应考虑心脏破裂；
2
Fluid responsiveness was defined as an increase in cardiac index of 15% or greater.
心脏指数增加15%或以上定义为液体反应。
3
Produced by the normal lung and cardiac tissue fluid from the thoracic lymph nodes back to the middle of the liquid.