Abstract : Ruminants are able to utilize fibrous feed as a source of energy and nutrients due to the ruminal microbes, composed mainly of bacteria, fungi, and ciliateprotozoa.
摘要 ： 反刍动物由于瘤胃微生物的存在能够分解并利用饲料中的纤维素来提供能量和蛋白质。
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Ciliate, a unicellular protozoa and low eukaryotes in evolution, has perfect vesicular trafficking system among organelles.