We said that that second electron was so far out of the picture, that it had absolutely no affect on what the charge was felt by that first electron.
我们说第二个电子远离这张图片，这样它就彻底的对，第一个电子感觉到的电荷没有影响了，所以。
2
By 1911, scientists had already measured the charge and mass of an electron. But no one was sure how the atom was structured.
在1911年之前，科学家认为电子带有电荷以及质量，但没有人很确认原子是怎样组成的。
3
So when we talk about formal charge, basically formal charge is the measure of the extent to which an individual atom within your molecule has either gained or lost an electron.