C or F value, the X and Y coordinates of the center of a pixel at the up-left corner of the image, can be measured according to characteristic point in topographic map.
值为栅格图像左上角像素中心在地图上的X，Y坐标，其值可以根据特征点在地形图中的坐标量测获得。
2
By analyzing the disadvantage of the traditional NC engraving machine based on orthogonal coordinates and the kinematics characteristic of industry robot, a robot with five knuckle arms is designed.
In the filed of computer vision and image processing, the characteristic parameters such as the center coordinates and radius of circle and arc parts often need to be measured by their images.