The spiral spring deformation formula and coefficientofstiffness are directly derived by aiding dimensional analysis and 2d model of spiral spring deformation mechanism.
借助于量纲分析及螺旋弹簧变形机理的二维模型，直接推导出螺旋弹簧的变形公式与劲度系数。
2
The equivalent damping ratio and stiffnesscoefficientof the LED device are studied, and the general equivalent formula of energy dissipation devices is established.
研究了将铅挤压阻尼装置等效成阻尼比和刚度系数的方法，建立了消能装置的通用等效计算公式；
3
Stiffness matrix and equivalent nodal force formula, which take into account of the influence of shear lag, are derived subsequently on the basis of the definition ofstiffnesscoefficient.