It has taken several periods before the existence of tumor antigens are proved and their new direction is considered as tumor rejection antigen peptides (TRAP).

So we hoped that by injecting antibodies hitched to isotopes into the blood that they'd be carried deep into the tumor mass and would latch onto these now-exposed antigens.

It has been demonstrated that anti-idiotypic antibody vaccines against melanoma can mimic tumor-associated antigens and activate anti-tumor immune responses in many animal models and clinical trials.