These areas of the law are mostly within the jurisdiction of the states, and thus state courts are the primary source of commonlaw.
这些领域的法大多由州管辖，因此州法律是普通法系的基本渊源。
2
This is in sharp contrast with some commonlawjurisdiction in which it is mandatory for listed debentures to appoint a trustee to protect debenture holders' interests.
这与一些普通法管辖区形成强烈对比，这些管辖区强制上市交易的公司债券指定受托人以保护债券持有人利益。
3
The commonlaw rules of jurisdiction can be summarized: jurisdiction depends on service of process, and service may be made upon a defendant present within the jurisdiction as of right.