All models predict a warming ocean, but if they don't have the correct relationship between clouds and atmospheric circulation, they won't produce a realistic cloud response.

Dubbed undulatus asperatus (turbulent undulation), the atmospheric anomaly could be headed where only 80-odd clouds have gone before: into the International Cloud Atlas.

But this cloud created by a U.S. Navy Super Hornet off the Peruvian coast is known as a 'shock collar' or 'vapour cone', created in certain atmospheric conditions at high speeds.